Ingqikithi kwezomnotho kwezintela ekuthuthukiseni wezomnotho classical

Izintela - isigaba ukuthi kuhlobene nesisekelo isimo. Ububanzi, izindlela nobunjalo ukugqugquzela imali zezimali imithombo, ezomnotho okushiwo izintela njalo ayengumlamuleli waso ezingeni yentuthuko yomphakathi futhi isimo azidalile.

Umqondo futhi ngokuyisisekelo izintela, ububanzi esiqondile izinkomba yemizimba wezimali ka isimo, nokukhawulela ukucasula yabo kanye isikhundla alawula inkhulumomphendvulwano nabantu nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho ku intela, obonakala u-Adam Smith. Ukusungulwa kohlaka enjalo predetermines ukuthuthukiswa eminye amalungelo mutual nezibopho phakathi iziphathimandla zikahulumeni, emelelwa isimo, futhi izithakazelo yangasese, egameni izakhamuzi.

I axioms kokungaphezulu okwengeziwe ekuthuthukiseni nekutfutfuka kwelizinga A. Wagner. Umcwaningi unezela futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, libabiza. Kubonakala izimiso ayisishiyagalolunye ezembula okushiwo izintela indzima yembuso nobuthakathi, ihlukaniswe amabhlogo amane.

Iqembu lokuqala izimiso zezimali nezobuchwepheshe kukhona izimiso zomthwalo nokwaneliswa ehlanganisa nokuya nomaphi.

Sicela ukhethe umthombo ezifanele intela kanye ezithile nezintela , ikhumbula umphumela intela nezinhlobo zayo ngazinye phezu payers kanye nocwaningo jikelele ebhaliwe intela yakha nesigcino izimiso zomnotho.

Vimba izimiso zobulungiswa bakha jikelele nekufana.

Ukuqinisekisa, essence ecacile kwezomnotho kwezintela, lula kanye nezindleko eliphansi ukukhokhisa intela ifomu yentela okhokhela isethi eyodwa izimiso ukuphathwa.

Ngaphezu ngezigaba, eceleni labelwe izimiso zezimali kanye nezombusazwe. Ikhonza njengabameleli ebaluleke kakhulu futhi okuphawulekayo imfundiso, ngoba iziphathimandla ngokuvamile kufanele zingqubuzana nemithetho ubulungiswa ngokuqondene zombuso isidingo. Kulesi sisekelo, izimiso zezimali kanye nezombusazwe kufanele kube ephakeme kunaleyo izimiso zomnotho kazwelonke kanye izimiso zobulungiswa.

Ngakho, uma u-Adam Smith asekelwe izithakazelo bentela ke A. Wagner, ngokuba umsekeli imfundiso yokuziphendukela izidingo collective, eyabekwa izimiso ukuthi acabangele izithakazelo ezimele kanye nekahulumeni, ne kuqala okucacile yokugcina lapho sibhekene nesimo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wasikisela ngezigaba akuyona inhlangano ifomu elilodwa kwesakhiwo njengoba izimiso zezimali nezombusazwe ifakwa futhi kusetshenzwe ngayo ngokuhlukana ngezigaba main, kodwa ngoba umnyombo kwezomnotho kwezintela ke kudalulwe ngokwanele.

Futhi umzamo ezithakazelisayo theory ukuze bathethelele ngcono ubudlelwane kwentela isimiso umcwaningi proportionality B. Petit, owafika esiphethweni sokuthi ngokulingana bahoxe kwegazi imali e izintela ungakwazi neze ezithinta inhlalakahle bentela. Petya essence kwezomnotho kwezintela kanye okhiqizwayo kuyadalulwa kanje: in the ukusatshalaliswa engenayo zanqwabelana yengcebo isimo, zizokwenziwa zibe abahlakazekile ngendlela efanele ngokuhambisana nezidingo yakamuva. Ngo ukwakheka B. Petit, wazilandela ngokunembile i ukulungisiswa ongaqondile isimiso sokucabangela, okuyinto wayeqonda njengoba ilungelo isimo ukuze iqoqe inani lentela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

ongqondongqondo Russian we XVIII-XIX eminyaka. ekuhloleni intela esekelwe indlela wamukela izikole entshonalanga ngokwesayensi. Umlandeli izimfundiso u-Adam Smith kwi izimiso intela kungenziwa okuthiwa NI Turgenev. Ukuhlola abaphezulu imibono intela usosayensi inamathela Okubaluleke kakhulu isimiso ukusatshalaliswa alinganayo umthwalo wentela, okunengqondo bekholelwa ukuthi kufanele basakaza phakathi zonke izakhamuzi, ngokuhambisana imali yabo. Izahlulelo ngezimiso ezithile, intela izindawo, ekunciphiseni yokuqoqa intela izindleko abe ukufana ephelele nezimiso jikelele sentela A. Smith. Umphumela walesi agumenti isiphetho mayelana nesimo imfundo esimweni ngasinye kungenziwa abayokwahlulelwa 'njengezimbuzi izintela.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi le nkulumo ayilona ngokungafani kuya imicabango zezimali European, kuthinta ohlangothini kuyisiphazamiso esimisweni sokuhle nokubi nokuxhumana okunengqondo phakathi kuhulumeni kanye nomphakathi endaweni ubudlelwane intela, ugcizelela ukubaluleka isiko lomthetho kwanele futhi efanele esikhathini sethu.