Indlela ukwehlukana Ukraine? Uhlu izifunda Ukraine

umngcele Ukrainian has a obuphelele ngokwanele ezinkulu - 7.700 km. Kulawa, 1 960 km, ke welula ngaphesheya kwezilwandle, 5740 km ezweni. indawo State ithumba Black futhi Azov iziLwandle. Phakathi kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, ngokuvumelana ubude bayo kuthatha ukuziqhenya kwasekuqaleni.

imingcele yase-Ukraine ahlelwe ngendlela yokuthi kube elisemngceleni namazwe eziyisikhombisa: WaseRussia, eBelarus, eMoldova, Romania, Poland, Hungary kanye isiSlovak Republic. Omude kunayo yonke owake wabo ubhekwa komngcele Russia, Moldova kanye Belarus. Ngenxa indawo ulwandle Ukraine Ubuye "esivumelana ngakho" nge-Turkey, Georgia ne Bulgaria.

Nge Kwamanye amazwe emingceleni adabule emathafeni nezintaba ezingaphansi kolwandle. Carpathians - ulayini ngengqondo uhlukanisa Romania, Poland neSlovakia nase-Ukraine.

Inhloko-dolobha ye-Ukraine - Kiev

Inhloko-dolobha ye-Ukraine, idolobha-iqhawe kanye edolobheni bangaziqhayisa lonke Ukraine - Kiev. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubhekwa ngobukhulu esifundazweni. Kuyinto iyunithi zokuphatha kanye indawo, kanye isikhungo samasiko, ezombusazwe, umnotho, ezokuthutha, isayensi nenkolo. Umuzi ine a isimo ekhethekile, it ncisheka cha fanele kuze Kiev esifundeni futhi endaweni Kiev Svyatoshinsky, kodwa ngokuvumelana imibhalo ebalwe isikhungo sabo.

Ayisebenzi Kiev itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Ukraine, okungukuthi isikhungo salo. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani labantu base-dolobha wathatha indawo ehloniphekayo lwesikhombisa, ngemva Istanbul, London, eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, Berlin and Madrid. Umlando waleli dolobha ecebe kangaka ukuthi kungenzeka ukukhuluma amahora. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Kiev wavakashela inhloko-dolobha uhlanga Polish, kanye ubukhulu ka Kievan Rus, le UPR, caster okuqhubekayo, isimo Ukraine kanye Ukrainian SSR. Kwakungenxa nje ngo-1991, e-Ukraine ibilokhu njengenkondlo ebonisa idolobha ezimele futhi iqhawe - isikhungo salo. Yena, njengazo zonke ezinye izindawo, has elingenamikhono ayo izikhali futhi ifulege. Ngenxa yokuthi esikhathini esidlule, leli dolobha kwakubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa Rus, namanje ngokwethukela ngokuthi "unina amadolobha Russian."

umngcele Ukrainian

Enyakatho enyakatho-ntshonalanga komngcele wase-Ukraine namanye amazwe (Russia, Belarus, Poland) adabule emathafeni kanye namaxhaphozi. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yaleli lonke komngcele line nge Russia sidlula ithafa okuqhubekayo, lapho azikho imingcele. ZaseCarpathos sidlula umugqa elisezansi ukutjheja imikhawulo nge Hungary neSlovakia. Entshonalanga, izintaba kanye foothill izindawo kwakhiwa komngcele Moldova, Slovakia, Poland futhi Romania.

Insimu yase-Ukraine igxilile kahle kakhulu inhliziyo okubizwa ngokuthi imingcele European, kancane kancane kwandisa ukubaluleka alo ezempi kanye nomthelela kukho kokubili abantu abo futhi emazweni aseduze, zihlobane kuyinto umbuzo kulondolozwa imingcele isimo, e isinqumo okubandakanya wonke-European Union. Ngenxa yokuthi imingcele zemvelo kwezinye izindawo kucatshangwa ukuthi iphupho, leli lizwe linazo ukuchitha imali eyanele isabelomali izimali ukwakhiwa kanye nokuqinisa imibhoshongo ukuzivikela, nokunye. D.

Izifunda Ukraine

Ososayensi nezazi-mlando uhlukanise Ukraine yaba izifunda 15. Ezinye zazo yilezi ocebile, abanye abampofu. Kodwa wonke amalungu omndeni - ingxenye amandla esikhulu nesinamandla. Insimu yase-Ukraine kunemibandela bahlukana baba izigaba ezimbili: eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga. Ngamunye wabo eminye ihlukaniswe ezindaweni eziningana:

1. Chernihiv.

2. Kyïv esifundeni.

3. Dnieper.

4. oLwandle Azov.

5. Donbass.

6. Slobozhanina.

7. Prichernomorie (lapha kusebenza Peninsula YaseCrimea).

8. iziketi.

9. Poltava.

10. eBessarabia.

11. eBukovina.

12. Galicia (kulesi sifunda nalo udumo Lemko umhlaba, Boiko futhi Huzulschyna).

13. eTranscarpathia.

14. naseVolyn.

15. Polessie.

Lezi izifunda Ukraine bamunye ngokusebenzisa division esisemthethweni yaba izifunda, okuyinto kuleli lizwe 24.

Chernihiv

Chernihiv sifunda engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwe. Lihlanganisa Chernihiv esifundeni, ingxenye Sumy futhi Slavutych. izakhamuzi Ukraine abahlala lapha kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi ngempumuzo endaweni ulula, kusukela cishe sonke isifunda amanga East European Plain.

Lapha ageleza emifuleni mayelana 1,100. Ubude yabo Imininingwane kuyinto 8 ayizinkulungwane. Km. Ngaphandle kwalezi, izivakashi bakhangwa izilwane ezithakazelisayo ezisohlwini Incwadi Red: zinyathi, .. Jerboa, amalulwane, ferrets, Cranes, izikhova, njll izifunda okunjalo Ukraine, njengoba Chernihiv, ifa isamba elanele izinqolobane. Ensimini ka epaki ihlangabezana ezintathu (omunye landscape, ezimbili zemvelo). Okungukuthi, lezi zibalo ukwandisa ezingaba ezokuvakasha.

Kusukela ngomhla ka-2015 abantu abangaba yisigidi bakuyo le ndawo. Kulawa, Ukraine ezakha engaphezu kuka-90% yesizwe sonkana, lungatholwa Belarusians futhi Russian.

Kyivshchyna

Eyesibili esifundeni ezibaluleke kakhulu - Kiev esifundeni. umehluko yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi komunye umuzi, kusolakala ukuthi kuyingxenye kule ndawo, akuyona umhlali, kanye izenzo self ukwehlukanisa iyunithi zokuphatha-indawo. Lokhu enamandla edolobheni uthi ezifana Ukraine - Kiev.

esifundeni linabantu abantu abaningi kwengxenye yesigidi (kusukela ngomhla ka-2013). Isimo sezulu imnene, ebusika kuyinto epholile, ehlobo kancane efudumele. North Kiev esifundeni uku Polesie ezisezansi, esempumalanga - ku Dnieper, eningizimu kanye maphakathi esifundeni - e Dnieper upland. It has a unomphela emfuleni izigodi, izigodi amawa.

Njengazo zonke izindawo zabantu ukuthi kuphakama ekhanda emva umbuzo "Bangaki ukwehlukana Ukraine" futhi abangabakhe eMfuleni Dnieper, ingxenye Kiev esifundeni amanga ngasogwini lwalo.

Dnieper

Le ndawo itholakala maphakathi Ukraine, eduze Dnieper kanye Bug. Dnieper ithatha ezingaphezu kuka-24 eziyinkulungwane. ^Km2. Uma usebenzisa ikhadi, ungasho ngokuphepha ukuthi elisemngceleni ngemizi 6: Poltava, laseDnepropetrovsk, Nikolaev, Vinnitsa. It zibalwa wesithathu "Indlela ukwehlukana Ukraine" daba.

Abavubukuli, ngemva kokuchitha cwaningo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu nobalulekile, wathola ukuthi ukuphila kuqala kule nsimu, uvele eNkantolo BC X leminyaka. Ngokomlando, ndawo cishe lutho ezithakazelisayo kwenzeka. Ekhulwini XIII, Kirovohrad esifundeni lalibuswa yaseLithuania, futhi kakade 1569 - Poland.

Insimu samanje Dnieper esifundeni itholakala ncamashi endaweni, lapho kudabuka khona Cossack Sich kanye Cossacks kuqala.

OLwandle Azov

Azov Sea osesikhundleni wesine ohlwini "ngendlela yokuhlukanisa Ukraine," ngokuvumelana ubude bayo. It yakhiwa izingxenye ezithile laseDonetsk, Zaporozhye, Kherson esifundeni, kanye emadolobheni amaningana ukubaluleka lesifunda (Mariupol, Melitopol futhi Berdyansk).

Kuyinto maphakathi yokusansimbi e-Ukraine. Ngenxa Mariupol, lapho eyakhelwe izitshalo eziningana, okungukuthi Priazovye kukhishelwa kokukodwa ukukhiqizwa Imininingwane Ukraine steel, yensimbi inkatho, coke, amapayipi nokunye. D.

Sezingeni elithuthukile kulesi sifunda kungenziwa ngokuthi nezinto zokuhamba. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu lamachweba of Mariupol, yaseTaganrog, Berdyansk. athuthukiswe kahle futhi zigcinwe nguHulumende sphere nezokulima, imboni yezokudla nenhlanzi ekubambeni.

Donbass

Donbass - indawo sekukhona isikhathi eside futhi namanje eshiya namasiko alo, amasiko nendlela yokuphila zinjalo. Wesihlanu kule simo "Indlela ukwehlukana Ukraine" endaweni yalo. Siqukethe laseDonetsk esifundeni naseningizimu Luhansk.

Donbass ekuqaleni kwakumelela ukuthuthukiswa lobuchwepheshe isimo. IDonetsk amalahle umcengezi kwatholakala ososayensi 1720, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi inkosi yayo. Ihlanganisa angaba yizinkulungwane 60. Km. Ezigcina amalahle kukhona enkulu ngokwanele. At afika ku 1700 m mass isiyonke ukujula wathola kwesigubhu 140 Mill. Tonnes.

Ngenxa yokuthi i- Lugansk esifundeni kanye IDonetsk sisondelene nomunye, babe ukusilela, ekufuneni izithakazelo langempela, futhi baye ngokwethukela zib esifundeni ngaphansi kwegama Donbass. Izakhamuzi zase-Ukraine waphawula ukuthi ngaphezu imigomo, lezi zindawo ezimbili babe sphere ezifanayo zomnotho, zomlando namasiko.

Kwase kuphele amashumi eminyaka, kuba isikhungo enkulu ye embonini yamalahle nelesimbi (kokubili umbala omnyama).

Umngcele phakathi Russia nase-Ukraine. ubudlelwano lamazwe

EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani emazweni ambalwa angomakhelwane ezingaba ngiziqhayise inomlando omude ndawonye, nezizwe, izithakazelo mutual, izici bezomnotho nezinye izinkinga ukuhlanganisa amazwe amabili - Ukraine neRussia. Ukraine ibalazwe idolobha kubonisa kahle ukuthi siqine kanjani, uvalwe "aphelele" kulawa mazwe.

Ngaphambi empini ngekuvotela abaphendula ulwazi olulandelayo ziye elicwengwé: iningi (44%) sithambekele ucabanga ukuthi isimo sizoqhubeka ukudala izimo ekahle khona. Phela, kwaphela iminyaka eminingi lalibizwa nodadewabo. Ungakwazi nokubuka ukuthi izimboni eziningi kanye nezindawo babe isakhiwo esifanayo, futhi bese kuthiwa sizovala nokubambisana. Ingxenye yesibili lwabavoti (28%) kwaba esivuna iqiniso lokuthi izifunda Ukraine, kanye uhulumeni of lonke izwe kuyodingeka ubuhlobo obuhle Federation. Konke okunye (9%) uvotela Ukuwohloka ubudlelwane phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili. Lokhu inhlolovo abathintekayo abantu kancane kuka angamakhulu ayisithupha, abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ngo ikusasa eliqhakazile owayebonakala emkhulu ukuthi ubuhlobo obuhle ayagcinwa kuze phezu okungenani iminyaka eyikhulu. Abantu ababeka ezishonile ezingaphansi kweminyaka 45, isibikezelo kwakuzwakala eyakhelwe okwengeziwe ngokuqapha.

Manje kukhona impi enkulu phakathi Ukraine kanye Russian Federation, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ukholelwe ukuthi zonke izinto izingxabano zinyamalale ngokushesha.

umngcele Russian nge-Ukraine khona kusukela ngo-1991. Ukungezwani phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili ngenxa enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea kubhekwa akuphelele. Yakhelwe emhlabeni azungezwe yokuvikela, ezicijile efakwe namakholomu yokufakelwa.