Indlela ukunquma uma izabizwana. Ukushintsha izabizwana zoqobo amacala

Isimemezelo ingenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zenkulumo ngolimi lwesiRussia. Ezindaweni zayo, siseduze kakhulu negama, elisetshenziselwa ukuyibeka esikhundleni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyisiphukuphuku ngempela ukukhawulela umsebenzi wesimemezelo ngalolu msebenzi wedwa. Isimemezelo sibhekisela kumuntu ngaphandle kokuqamba ngokuqondile, sisebenzela ukuxhumanisa imisho emibhalweni, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho nokuqinisa amazwi athile. I-Multifaceded, akunjalo? Yingakho icala lezimemezelo emisho libaluleke kakhulu - umuntu akanakuphatha ngokucophelela isici esinjalo se-multifunctional.

Isingeniso sesayensi

Yiqiniso, icala lesimemezelo, noma kunalokho, i-declension yabo, ilalela imithetho efanayo namabizo (sekushiwo kakade ukuthi lezi zingxenye ezimbili zokukhuluma ziningi kakhulu). Ngezimemezelo, ukutholakala kwamacala ayisithupha afanayo (ukuphakanyiswa, ukuhlukumezeka, ukumangalela, ukuphikisana, ukubamba iqhaza kanye nokubeka phambili) kuyisici sezimemezelo njengegama.

Ngendlela, lapho izimemezelo zimelele kuzo zonke izimo ngaphandle kokuphakamisa amagama, kungashiwo ukuthi izimemezelo ezimweni ezingaqondile. Yiqiniso, izici zokuncipha zibuye zisezingeni lesimemezelo. Eminye yazo, empeleni, ayishintshi, ngezigaba ezithile, izinguquko zikhathaza kuphela izibizo ezithile zabantu. Yilokho nalokhu futhi sizoyiqonda. "Isigameko sezimemezelo" yitafula esiqala ngalo.

Izitayela zomuntu siqu

Siqala ngesisekelo sezisekelo: ukushintsha izimemezelo zomuntu siqu ngamacala. Izitatimende zomuntu siqu zihlanganisa konke okwaziwa mina, wena, yena / yena, thina, wena, bona . Bonke bavame amacala - nje esikhundleni sombuzo obalulekile bese uthole ifomu esiyidingayo.

"Icala lezimemezelo" - itafula elihlobene kuphela nesigaba samabizo womuntu siqu.

Njengoba kungabonakala kusukela etafuleni, kumacala angacacile okukhulunywe ngawo ekuqaleni, izibizo zomuntu wesithathu, kungakhathaliseki inombolo, zithola i-consonant "n" eyengeziwe. Ngenhlanhla eningi, akukho zici ezikhethekile ezibonakalayo: icala lezimpawu zomuntu siqu akuyona into eyinkimbinkimbi, akunjalo?

Isimemezelo sokubuya

Siyaqhubeka. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa isichazamazwi esisodwa sodwa , esingenayo inombolo noma ubulili, kodwa sisalondoloza ifomu efanayo kuwo wonke amacala. Lapha, zama ukunciphisa - futhi uzoqiniseka ngalokhu.

Izitatimende ezinamandla

Isigaba esilandelayo sihlobene nezimemezelo eziveza okomunye umuntu. Lokhu kubandakanya mina, owakho, wakhe, wakhe, wethu, owakho, bona . Amafomu wesimemezelo salesi sigaba athulwe kuthebula elilandelayo:

Kusukela etafuleni kubonakala ukuthi kumuntu wesithathu umuntu owaziwa ngokuziphendulela akuguquki nhlobo, kuyilapho okokuqala nesesibili kudingekile ukufaka esikhundleni sezinhlamvu ezimbalwa ekuqaleni - ukuphela kuhambisana.

Ngesinye isikhathi, enye yeziphambeko ezivame kakhulu eRussia yanamuhla ixhunywe nalesi sigaba. Abanye abantu basungula isichazamazwi esinjalo ngokuthi "yabo", bese bezama ukuyibeka. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ukhumbule ukuthi kumuntu wesithathu ngobuningi lapho akuzange kube khona isimemezelo esinjalo! Bona, bona kanye nabo kuphela!

Izimemezelo zokuzibuza kanye nezihlobo

Lesi sigaba sikwazi ukubuza umbuzo. Futhi lapha izinkinga zokuqala ziqala. Uyakusho ukuthini?, Ubani?, Yikuphi? Yiba kokubili ubulili, nenombolo, kanye necala. Izimemezelo, ngubani?, Kuthi?, Bangaki? Imfanelo yukuba khona kwecala kuphela, ezinye izigaba ziyizihambi kuye. Futhi kuphela isimemezelo esiqeda ngokuphelele uhlelo - yini okuyiyo : akunalo icala, kodwa lushintsha ngokuzalwa nangezinombolo.

Konke okufanayo kungashiwo ngezimemezelo ezihlobene. Ngokuvamile, izibizo ezihlobene ziyi-interrogative efanayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwesibonakaliso sombuzo ekupheleni komusho.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi esimweni sememezelo njengokwe- declension, ukucindezeleka kugcinwa okokuqala, hhayi ku-syllable yokugcina, njengoba abantu abaningi becabanga.

Izilimi ezimbi nezingahlambuluki

Ukuguquka kwesimemezelo samacala kuyaqhubeka nokufundiswa ngezinga elisha, lapho kukhona khona ama-nuances athile. I-genus, inombolo kanye necala akunalo muntu , akekho, akukho, akukho, akukho lutho, akukho lutho, akukho lutho olushintshayo kuphela kusukela ekuboneni kokugcina, hhayi kokunye.

Amafomu wezimemezelo ezimbi azihambisani ngokuphelele ne-interrogative-negative, ngokulungiswa kuphela - ukungeza isiqalo cha / cha .

Okufanayo kungashiwo ngezimemezelo ezingapheli. Sithatha isichazamazwi esihlobene, sengeza ama-postfixes kuso- khona-ke, noma, futhi sithola uhlobo olusha lwezimemezelo: okunye, into . Amafomu nokunciphisa ahlala efana, okungabazeki ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukwenza umsebenzi ngalezi zikhangiso. Ezimweni ezithile, ungakwazi ukwengeza nokunamathiselwe okungezona / okunye : okunye, into .

Amabizo aqinisekisiwe

Sisondela futhi sisondele ekupheleni. Emgqeni yisigaba esisha, wonke amabizo akhe anesini, inombolo kanye necala. Lokhu kuhlanganisa uqobo, iningi, konke, konke, njalo, noma yikuphi, okunye, okuhlukile, konke, konke . I-Volumetric, yebo, kodwa akunzima. Sikhothamela phambili!

Njengoba lesi sithombe sibonisa etafuleni, izabizwana conjugation kwakhe, futhi wonke umuntu kakhulu ngazo zonke izindlela cishe luqondane, kodwa musa uncika ngokuphelele ngekhanda izinhlobo tabito ezimweni ezahlukene, kuba lula kakhulu ukuba nje ukubhekana nale mithetho, bese akazange uhlangabezana nobunzima.

tabito tekukhomba

Owokugcina izingcezu futhi sijabula nge umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama. Izabizwana lokhu, tot- (ke) okunjalo futhi enjalo (ukuthi) babe inombolo bese icala, stolko- (it) - nje icala, kodwa enjalo ingaphuma, by Isifaniso nokungokomunye, akusiyo uzimisele ukushintsha izimo, ngokuhlala ifomu elilodwa .

Nalapha futhi, amafomu ukufana kwamazwi isabizwana lokhu. Case tabito Inkomba, njengoba kungabonwa, isihloko kuyinto ngempela aphansi, lapho ngisho ngempela khumbula lutho.

Umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama, lapho okufanayo ngaphandle kwabo

Yiqiniso, zikhona izici ezithile isiZulu ka izabizwana. Ngokwesibonelo, qaphela Sekuyisikhathi eside waveza ukuthi uma tabito - ingqikithi kakhulu, esondelene kakhulu tiphawulo nominative ukuqeda eqinisweni nse. Okukhishwayo kuphela lo mthetho - lonke uqobo: kulesi simo Kusafanele ucabange kancane.

Iqhubeka isihloko esithi zonke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kuphela lapho kukhona unkamisa emfushane: konke kukho konke-azungeze, nokunye - impande "e" kwehla nje ke ungaveli yimiphi amacala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye tabito abe okuthiwa izinhlobo zakudala: zonke -vsyak yilowo nalowo. Basuke kubhekwe iDemo. Nokho, esebenzisa isabizwana esithi ngokwayo lisebulilini besifazane esimweni umenziwa wesenzo (uqobo) empeleni kubhekwa ifomu olukhulunywa, kuyilapho ulimi etemibhalo angavuma zisebenzisa ongakhetha samoo (inkulumo efanayo kabanzi mayelana ukuthi-Tuo - kusukela isabizwana ukuthi). abacwaningi Okuningi ukuchaza kakhulu ifomu, ne nokugqamisa phezu incwadi penultimate, kodwa kubhekwa kancane asetshenziswe futhi cishe ukhohliwe.