Indaba "umgodi", A. I. Kuprin. Ukufingqa ( "Pit" phezu kwamakhanda)

Le ndaba iminyaka eyisithupha wabhala Alexander Kuprin. Isifingqo "Pit" kungenzeka mpofu ngempela ngokwezinto. Phela, naphezu kuncike ezishelelayo, kulo msebenzi, nenqwaba imininingwane ezihambayo, imidwebo lovely futhi imininingwane ebalulekile. Ngathola ungumbhali waleli sihloko eside ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi kanye eminyakeni emibili ehlelekile wazindla. Isihloko ukuthengisa uthando akukaze phendla abalobi Russian ngokujulile njengoba kwenzile Kuprin. Isifingqo "Pit" has izenzakalo yisakhiwo sodumo ezinkulu ngesakhiwo esonta, kodwa ngisho nangemva bebona ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani umsulwa futhi kanjani uthando lwesintu ebhaliwe ngale ndaba.

ukwakheka

Tale inezingxenye ezintathu ukungalingani. Okokuqala, lapho umfundi bajwayelane izinhlamvu, it has izahluko nambili. Kakade lapha kuba sobala ukuthi scene eyodwa induku ngeke lapha, ngakho ukukhonza ezihlukahlukene okuqukethwe. Kuprin esithi "Pit" - ngokuphelele omuhle wobuciko, naphezu ukuma lesibonwa: ukungabi khona umlingisi losemcoka, Ukuhambisana nesikhathi imidwebo akhethiwe ungqimba imvelo kwezenhlalo, oqaphelayo imininingwane futhi descriptiveness sobala.

Ingxenye yesibili okukhulu, futhi akusiwona ngengozi. Ngo nesikhombisa izahluko ukukhula izingxabano, ngifuna indlela, umvuthwandaba besprosveta yokuphisa lesi siphuzo. Lichonin Platonov bese uqhubeke phikisana ngezimbangela zokuziphendukela ukubaluleka a izifo ezinjengesifo esihlala emphakathini njengenja yokuzingela ngomzimba. Ukubona izimpawu ezifihlekile zesimo inkosi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba Russian ayikwazi zembula endabeni "umgodi" isifinyezo. Luba phetho, sengathi ingulube Guinea ku ucwaningo lwezokwelapha, salokhu: ngangokunokwenzeka ngayo Ngamafuphi?

okuqukethwe

Through the indzaba lechazako, kulo lonke kubonakala kakhulu ukuba ixhunywe nomunye iziqephu sihamba nomqondo wefilosofi lembhali. indoda Little ngeke siyinqobe yezenhlalo, ngoba kuyinto isiqephu emhlabeni engapheli. Ngakho-ke, akubiza ngokuthi umsebenzi Kuprin "umgodi". Isifinyezo indaba - nenhlekelele isiphetho izakhamuzi dvuhrublovogo izikhungo, okwaphumela isiphetho ezibuhlungu kule ndawo - zonke owesifazane bebodwa. Engxenyeni yesithathu izahluko zonke eziyisishiyagalolunye, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho senzo liyancipha, kodwa ithuthuka ngokushesha, ukuze esahlukweni sokugcina ichashaza ekupheleni nazo zonke izinhlekelele.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuqaqa endabeni Kuprin "I Pit," ukubekwa ngamafuphi kwesibopho izahluko, kufanele kuphawulwe lelandzisako ukuhlobana amakhanda futhi izingxenye. Omunye main - Lichonin umfundi linga ngamasu ahlukahlukene ngenhloso ubani. Umfundi kuyodingeka anqume ukuthi wayenze ngenxa yothando lwangempela nesihawu yobuKristu, noma umane ilukuluku bamphushela ukuze indima le Arbiter. Kuyo yonke ingxenye yesibili ka amadili inoveli ne umlando ubudlelwane, abavumi ebusweni kanye nezinye izinhlamvu.

ukuma

Le ndaba Kuprin uye walungiselela izici eziningi tindzaba letimfisha, ikakhulukazi zokugcina izingxenye ezimbili ngokufaka iziqephu non nesakhiwana (yomthengisi Horizon, umculi kanye ummeli Rovinskaya Ryazanov). Okungokwemvelo izinhlobo ezifanayo, imfashini kakhulu eminyakeni eyikhulu nje isigamu ngaphambi ukuba kubhalwe le indaba Kuprin, lapha nto inazo zonke izici high value kwezobuciko, okuhle ikakhulukazi kulesi sici, isabelo sokuqala. Umbhali esiyinhloko umfundi uhlala indlela nesihloko: Thembeka, ngabandayo. uyavumelana kakhulu ukuthi kuthola yokuma umculi kanye nabantu, owavusa "ezimbi" ukuze Amazing eziphakeme, ukuthi lezi liye lazibonakalisa, futhi umlobi ngokwakhe, futhi indaba yakhe - Kuprin, "umgodi".

Isifinyezo izimpendulo bekulokhu Yiqiniso, ezihluke kakhulu. Angiyithandi abantu ukubheka ngokwabo kusukela umnqopho ngaphandle, futhi labo "hhayi", okungukuthi - abangaphandle kungukuthi ngokuvamile lokumba elinjena phansi. Yebo, labo izindaba zomphakathi ukuthi bayavuswa endabeni Yiqiniso, ongakhethi. Nokho, amandla art lugujwa lapha Kuprin futhi bichuetsya ukonakala ka umphakathi, futhi ukucabanga mayelana esimisweni esisha imfundo ezemfundo, ukuze kuqedwe ukungazi ekhona. Lapha futhi amaphupho inguquko, nezikhwepha umlingisi isiRashiya, kanti okuphakade isihloko kwemihlambi nezazi kubantu - konke lokhu Kuprin. "I Pit". Amazwibela akunakwenzeka ukuba bagubhe lesi bendawo.

asinazo izithombe

Iziboshwa kwezikhungo Anna Markovna bavela Amakhasi njengomuntu ophilayo, kwezobuciko ngakho elikhanyayo ezibalulekile zabo libhekene Kuprin. Lapha igalari ezahlukene: a Manya kancane omnene onokuthula, uma ungadakiwe kulo lonke Pasha engajabule; ngokuphuthumayo uthando nge isela, uTamara; bacwiliswa ncwadi elandelayo Eugene. Ekumeni njengoba olunothile, futhi static kanjalo. Zhenya futhi Luba kuphela umugqa cool yokuthuthukisa lelandzisako, kanti bonke abanye - ixhaphozi. Akunandaba ukuthi Kuprin ayikwazanga ukusonta esiqintini ngamunye. Vele, kwakungeke zivumelana iqiniso lokuphila. Lonke ukuphila kwalaba besifazane - hhayi ngempela abantu, bahlala ezingeni imizwelo engokwemvelo. Ngakho-ke igama umsebenzi wakhe njengomprofethi umbhali Kuprin - "Pit".

Amazwibela zezinhloko ngeke sivumele ngokwanele wathi mayelana nezinye izinhlamvu ebonakala ingasho lutho, ezifana isisebenzi sasendlini, u-Elsa Eduardovna, umngenisi wezihambi isikhungo Markovna Anna, umyeni wakhe podkabluchny Isai Savich. Kodwa Kuprin wabhala lezi zithombe baqiniseka masterfully ngokunembile. Futhi intatheli Platonov, umlomo lapho umlobi ngokwakhe uthi - lokhu kubuye isithombe yokudalula ehloniphekile ezijulile. Ukuswela yomoya womphakathi futhi sihlale ekusithekeni, uma ukhetha endabeni "umgodi" isifinyezo.

isikhungo

Anna Markovna isikhungo has hhayi ukungcebeleka, kodwa hhayi zokugcina: lapha wavakashelwa amaRandi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingamashumi ayisihlanu soldiery, amasela nezinye "inkampani igolide". Nokho, amasiko nendlela ukuphila cishe yonke indawo efanayo. Umehluko pay. Isenzo iqala ukuthi ngasekupheleni Anna Markovna bahlangana izivakashi intatheli Platonov nomsizi Uprofesa Yarchenko. Izivakashi ukuqhubeka nengxoxo kuqalile endleleni, nakuba amantombazane sezifikile ongakulindela.

Platonov uyindoda, kodwa akukho isiboshwa esisodwa neze bayabukana sengathi bafuna ukuhleka, isithakazelo sakhe cishe professional - ukuqonda ukuthi izwe amancane stuffy kusuka ngaphakathi. Lonke umonakalo umphakathi ibonwa njengoba ningesabi: unxiwankulu nsuku zonke, futhi akukho okunye. Lapha ukuhlangana kokuqhathanisa ezifana ukuzishaya kanye nobugebengu. Bouncer uSimeyoni zenkolo ngokweqile ukuthi akuvimbeli kuye ukushaya futhi kuphuce amantombazane. Soderzhatelnitsa ekhaya - impisi lokugcina abangaphansi yayo buthuntu, kodwa ziyahlanya othandweni nendodakazi yakhe, naye-ke kokubili okuhle nokuphana.

zhenya

intombazane livela. ukuthi kokubili amaklayenti nabangane kule mkhakha benza uthando nenhlonipho - yena muhle idlalisa, kwakwakhiwa futhi ezimele, ngangokunokwenzeka lapha. Lena Jack. Ungishiya ukhathazekile ukuthi Pasha onqenqemeni, ngoba kakade angaphezu kweshumi nambili amakhasimende badlula khona.

Jack uthi ngokushesha nje lapho Pasha labetibambile yokufikelwa futhi wekhaya akahlanye futhi ithumela yona le izivakashi, ngoba Pasha odingeka (ngisho retardation engqondo omnene ihlukanisa iziguli ubulili ezingalawuliwe, owesifazane kunjalo).

Lichonin

Platonov igobolondo enikeza Pasha ukuphumula. Abafundi ukuya izinombolo nge ladies, futhi Lichonin (anarchist) kanye Platonov uqhubeke ukukhuluma ngalokho yezenhlalo kuyinto ineradicable. I last likhuluma kakhulu ngokuthi amantombazane endawo, futhi Lichonin uyazwelana. Lona indoda engananazi. Yena enquma ugcine okungenani eyodwa intombazane kude.

Platonov iyadumaza njengoba uqinisekiswa ukuthi maduze intombazane iyobuyela lapha nge isilonda enkulu nakakhulu ngemilingo. Jack iyavumelana naleso kaPlato. Kodwa Lichonin hhayi babhodla: wabuza Lyuba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi angathanda yini ukwethula niphume lapha naye bese uyathola, isibonelo, igumbi lokudlela. Lichonin okhokhela icala lakhe nsuku zonke futhi ngosuku olulandelayo kudinga Anna Markovna Lubin ipasipoti engenza ikhadi eliphuzi.

umthwalo

Lichonin umfundi besingalindele ukuthi umthwalo yokukhululwa Luba kwamlahlekisela ngakho kakhulu. Nokho, abangani bakhe, bavumelana ukuba simsize afunde ukuzivumelanisa amantombazane: yena Lichonin waqala ukufundisa umlando wakhe, geography izibalo, ukuya yaseshashalazini, imibukiso kanye izinkulumo, Nezheradze lifundisa umculo wakhe futhi ufunde inkondlo Rustaveli Simanovskiy - physics, chemistry nomlando nesiko. Imiphumela abasakwazi nesizotha, nakuba isikhathi nemali hlala kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Anna Markovna ngokoqobo fleeced Lichonin ngaphambi kokubuyela passport yakhe Lubin.

Abafundi bazama ukwelapha Luba efana udade, kodwa yena akaqondi, wathi ukumbukela phansi iyeke uzizwe ezifiselekayo, enhle yabesifazane. Uphika konke izicelo, ngoba lihlanganiswe Lichonin, kodwa uthando lwakhe of ecasulayo. Akasenalo angaphuphi ngisho nokuphupha ukubamba umuntu ezivela kubangani kunoma ubani ukuba nesizathu ukushiya. Umthwalo akubekezeleleki kuye. Futhi, njengoba nje kwakubikezelwe Platonov zhenya, Luba ibuyisela.

Rovinskaya

Rovinskaya umculi odumile, owesifazane onomzimba futhi unekhono unabangane, kuhlanganise Baroness Tefting, Chaplinskiy futhi Rozanov, ulahlekile, ngahambisa izincwajana kuso sonke asobala komuzi. izikhungo eziningana kufakazela kuchazwe ngokucacile ukukhombisa ukuthi Anna Markovna isikhungo - ". somgodi 'hhayi nje kuphela

Isifinyezo yesehlakalo esikhungweni sezifebe nabesifazane German: izifebe nakuqaphela ukuthi baphile izimpilo yokungathembeki. Kababoni isono ekilasini yayo, njengoba abathandi unomphela njengoba lezi Russian angcolile izikhungo eziseduze, akudingeki, kodwa lokho uhola, wafaka le yasebhange esizayo ukuphila ehloniphekile. Kumane umsebenzi banayo ezinjalo. Ibhizinisi, lutho siqu.

Amandla yobuciko

Anna Markovna okungazange kube okungenamiphumela ngayo scandal, kodwa isimo ufudumele, singasho - engokomoya. Ladies lokuqala beba nezingxabano, nge uTamara waqaphela inkulumo Baroness French futhi waphendula abahlanzekile lwesigodi waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha, ukuthi, bathi, yebo, thina owayazi ngempela - eKharkov, lapho futhi kwadingeka ngoma intombazane, njengami, kodwa babengesibo le Baroness. Kuyinto yena, Ngokuzayo Baroness ubekade luzwakale nakakhulu omunye tenors lyric ...

Kodwa Tamara - uSemyon isela. Yena uthanda ke. Ngemva izinkulumo uthukuthele uTamara Eugene, udakiwe Mani isimo Kuncane ishubile. Lezi zintokazi bayahamba ukuhamba, kodwa sokuvalelisa Rovinskaya enquma ukucula ingoma ethile. Uyazi kahle kuka ukuthatha noma yisiphi izilaleli. Futhi lokho ayiphethe. Zonke ukuthula washaqeka futhi bedidekile, noJack uwela emadolweni akhe wabe esemanga isandla kwadingeka ngolaka nje bayalahlwa. Mkhulu ngamandla art. Zhenya uyakhala Rovinskaya kuphakamisa futhi uzama kiss wakhe. Jack kuhletshwa okuthile kuye, Rovinskaya uthi kungcono lutho, udinga izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuba aphathwa ngayo, futhi makube.

uthuli

Jack Uvume uTamara ukuthi utheleleke nge ugcunsula, kodwa efihla yawo wonke umuntu, ngoba ufuna ukuthelela ngaphezulu amashinga ezimbili ezinemilenze. Bona yithela iziqalekiso ophendukezela yakhe amakhasimende. Bese ushiye izinto njengoba zinjalo, okungukuthi, Jack iphathwa akuyona. Ukhumbula wonke umuntu owayethengisa kanina ngesikhathi eneminyaka eyishumi ubudala. Zoe ukhumbula uthisha othembisa saxosha esikoleni uma yena akazange alalele.

Wabuyela Luba. Kodwa ngihlanze izindlu akafuni alivume, ufunga nokulwisana. Jack odlula empini ngoba umngane wakhe. Kusukela ekamelweni olandelayo saphelelwa nokuklabalasa amanye amantombazane endlini isiba iconsi. Ngemva kwesikhashana iza uSimeyoni nabangani inomthelela isimo ngokomzimba. Girl ekusiza.

yokuzisola

Umkakhe iza ubusosha Gladyshev, yiyo kuphela. Kodwa namuhla ungu- ekujaheni ukuwotawota umfana, uyavuma ukuthi wayegula futhi ithi aliyikumhawukela kuye, ngoba zonke izifebe zonda amakhasimende abo futhi ungavumeli muntu lihawukele. Uthi Some umfana kuze kube phakade, futhi ekuseni eya ethekwini Platonov, ukuba amxwayise ukuthi utheleleke abangane bakhe: Ramses, esingu yena lapho ezwa ngalesi sifo eyihlazo, futhi zazisola kuphela yena, ngoba wathatha wesifazane ngaphandle uthando, futhi Sabashnikov .

Jack ephenduka, yena akasafuni ngegciwane abaningi balaba kwabesilisa ezinyantisayo, ngoba bayaqaphela ukuthi abambelele ebantwini, ikhona ngalinye ngeminjunju zabo nezinkinga. Platonov ayikwazi ukududuza intombazane. Futhi ngosuku lwesithathu Zhenyu batholakale bezilengisile. Zonke uhamba emvuthwandaba: ukubhoboza kakhulu okwamanje kwendaba kwaba isiqephu zisola Eugene. Okunjalo wakhetha inoveli yakhe Kuprin isifinyezo. "Pit" njengoba eMpumalanga ezinjalo, konke ziyawohloka. Sasendlini wathenga Anna Markovna isikhungo, futhi manje ngeke benze lutho nge endabeni izenzakalo hhayi kuphela ukudunga sikhungo, bona lisibekele notoriety yakhe.

Tamara nabanye

Le ntombazane wacelwa ukuba abe inkosikazi entsha umsizi, nge isimo yokwenqaba ukusuka endlini ka wakhe umngane uSemyon inhliziyo. Tamara ifuna Rezanova futhi Rovinskaya ukusiza bangcwabe Eugene e emkhubeni Orthodox, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuba ukuzibulala. Ukulandela Eugene uyafa Pasha, ngubani esethula yokugcina komqondo umsebenzi onzima. Wakhe baqashe ukunyakazisa iminwe, lapho afela khona cishe ngokushesha. Tamara futhi akulula neze. It uwina ukwethenjwa ummeli olungisa izivumelwano futhi Ihlangana iphilisi ekulaleni ku isiphuzo. Khona-ke elokubulala efulethini isoka abathandekayo Senechka okuvula ephephile. USemyon waboshwa ngemva konyaka futhi ubapha amaphoyisa uTamara.

Akunangqondo ukuba bafe Vera: lover wakhe, isosha, ukukhwabanisa uzibophezele ka yengcebo futhi enquma ukudubula yena. Ukholo silungele ukwabelana Isiphelo sakhe. Bona sivalelise ukuphila idili kahle okuphuma phambili, bese umuntu ubulala kakhulu Ukholo yena - akukho, akakwazi. Kule mpi uyafa Mania Little. Futhi kuza ekupheleni okugcwele isikhungo lapho fighters ezimbili eza kabi amasosha usizo - ikhulu. yaphela Ngakho indaba yakhe Kuprin. Isifingqo "Pit" ubuye ngempela ezithakazelisayo, nakuba Yiqiniso, akudingeki imininingwane eyanele umbhali unekhono lathunjwa.