Impilo inkonzo isikulufa yinqwaba lezisekelo

yinqwaba Intulo manje ngokwethukela kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuze kwakhiwe eziyisisekelo zokubala emkhakheni we emakhaya abo nasemaHholo ekwakhiweni emikhulu izindawo zezimboni. Isekela yalolu hlobo uhlangabezana umthwalo omkhulu futhi emva ukwakhiwa siyahlupheka obangelwe yizici zemvelo. Yingakho abaningi manje uyazibuza ukuthi kunengqondo ukusebenzisa isikulufa yinqwaba, noma ukuphila kulezi zingxenye isakhiwo butholakale lifushane kakhulu?

Umlando omncane

Yinqwaba isikulufa uhlobo yavela eminyakeni engaba ngu-200 edlule. Sonke leso sikhathi, baba kabanzi ukwakhiwa kwamabhuloho, zinsika, imibhoshongo, izintambo zikagesi, kanye nezinye izingosi eziningi ezinkulu. Kukhona ubufakazi obuzwakalayo bokuthi ukuphila inkonzo isikulufa yinqwaba lingafika engu-150. Ngokwesibonelo, pier usengakathelwa ziwile, esimelela emanzini olwandle phezu izisekelo afanayo engaphezu kweyikhulu nesigamu.

Kukhona iminyuziyamu wonke, futhi izihambi zivakashela kuyo uqobo bheka amathiphu sokuqala ngqá isikulufa yinqwaba. Nokho, konke lokhu akusho ukuthi isakhiwo metal liyohlala phakade. Izibuyekezo ezingezinhle mayelana nokuphila inkonzo isikulufa yinqwaba kuyinto ngempela kube ngukulunga, njengoba ezivezwa ukwesekwa ingcweti is ngempela ngempela ngokushesha ugoqe. isakhiwo izakhiwo yokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe libhekene eziningi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama kanye izici. Uma imithetho ukukhiqizwa adicilelwe ke inqwaba isiqediwe futhi musa ukukhonza yesithathu kwesikhathi wamemezela. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba banake le mininingwane uma kukhethwa imiklamo isisekelo.

Impilo inkonzo GOST

Ngokusho mithetho wombuso sonke isikhathi sokusebenza isikulufa yinqwaba isukela eminyakeni 60 kuya 120. Futhi, idatha elandelayo kumele bucaciswe e-ISO:

• Electromechanical ukugqwala metal eba emhlabathini ngesilinganiso esingamaphesenti 0.02 ukuze 0.05 mm.
• I ukujiya udonga screw nokusekela ayikanye esingaphansi 5-6 mm.
• ITjhabalale odongeni amapayipi ngesilinganiso 5 mm / 0.5 s = 100.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, yinqwaba embozwe ekhethekile polymer yokwakheka uhlobo kanambambili, okuyinto ukugcina izakhiwo zabo engaphezu kwengu-7-15. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukunweba ukuphila isikulufa yinqwaba lezisekelo. Uma lezi zimo ezephulwayo e inqubo womshini ezisekelweni, umkhiqizo buzoba buncane okunokwethenjelwa futhi iqine.

Ingabe kukhona umehluko phakathi ukhonkolo kanye namathiphu isikulufa-ukushayela ashiselwe

Zazingekho umehluko omkhulu phakathi mikhiqizo musa. lugs Okulolongwa zakhiwe ejwayelekile steel 35L wokugubha. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi lezi zinto isekela ukuthi umugqa Helical akuyona ashiselwe cone inqwaba futhi ngokushesha inkatho nabo. Kodwa, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi eqinisweni lugs yabalingisi ashiselwe kuya ipayipi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalo akusho Ihambe ukugwema welds.

Uma sikhuluma ukushiyeka yabalingisi lugs, lapho umkhiqizo wabo kuyadingeka ukuze ulawule izinga izinga yithela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa yabo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishini ultrasound. Iqiniso ukuthi into esuka lapho umkhiqizo kungase kudingeke encane imifantu, ikhule ezimbotsheni kanye voids, okuzokwenza kakhulu ukunciphisa izici amandla ukuqina isikulufa yinqwaba.

amathiphu zokushisela angaqinisekiswa ngokuzimela, njengoba ngisho by wokuhlola ezibukwayo, kungenzeka ukuhlola ikhwalithi zokukhiqiza umkhiqizo. Yinqwaba nge yabalingisi imigqa ishibhile cishe 25%.

Ingabe kukhona umehluko phakathi zaveza lashukumisa yinqwaba amathiphu

Umehluko omkhulu itholakala ukumelana ukugqwala. Ngokusho Izibuyekezo eziningi, ukuphila konke isikulufa yinqwaba, upende iphathwa impahla lingaphansi kakhulu ngenxa ithonya endaweni enobudlova. Avikelayo enamathela ngokwanele for lungene iminyaka engu-15, ngemva kwalokho imikhiqizo metal uqale angabacwasi ngokushesha embozwe ukugqwala.

Yinqwaba, udlule hot idiphu galvanizing inqubo, engakutholanga ukugqwala engaphezu kwengu-40-50. Nokho, konke kuncike ulaka kwenhlabathi. kwakhiwa Ngenxa indlela hot-idiphu galvanizing ungqimba ngendlela ukushuba 0.2 mm phezu inqwaba, okuyinto alisetshenziswa i isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungqimba zokuzivikela zinc akuyona kusulwe phakathi screwing ukwesekwa.

Futhi banake izindleko imikhiqizo. Amaprosesa, esidlule hot-idiphu galvanizing, izobiza 25% eqolo ngaphezu kwanoma imikhiqizo ziphathwe upende varnishes.

Yini kuthinta Ukuwohloka ukuqina

Igama elithi yesevisi isisekelo isikulufa yinqwaba ingancishiswa kakhulu ngenxa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Umthelela ezihambayo emhlabathini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, umhlabathi umphumela sakugcina phezu yinqwaba isikulufa. Nokho, uma sikhuluma izimo ezimbi kakhulu futhi ukuhamba lenyuke kwenhlabathi, kungangena izici nokusebenza amabombo.
• umphumela Thermal. Ngenxa yezinkathi ezithile lokushisa ekushintshashintsheni metal ngokuqhubekayo unciphise futhi eyandisa oyiyo iphazamiseke. Umthamo Ukuthela ezisekelweni is kakhulu ziyancipha kusukela ayangena impahla kanye ikhule ezimbotsheni. Lapho usebenzisa i-ukushayela eliphezulu, inani ngemijikelezo ukuqanda incibilikiswa okuyinto kwanele kufika eminyakeni engu-120 ubudala, sengathi lokhu kwenzeka.
• ukugqwala Chemical. Uma umhlabathi asidi ezingeni weqiwe, ekugqwala phezu kwezingodo uyokwendlala isheshe.
• ukugqwala electromechanical. ukulimala ezinjalo zenzeka ngaphansi eqinile namachibi yinqwaba ngenxa imisinga ehlangeni ezingase zifakwe yokwakheka inhlabathi. Ngokuvamile uhlushwa electro ukugqwala ukuzala, etholakala eduze izintambo komhlaba noma izindawo yezimboni eyahlukene.

Indlela bandise nokuphila isikulufa yinqwaba

Kukhona izindlela eziningana ezingasiza ukunweba "ukuphila" isisekelo efakwe kulolu hlobo ukwesekwa:

1. Sebenzisa yinqwaba enezindonga uqweqwe. Njalo milimitha metal kwandisa ukuphila inkonzo cishe engu-15 edlule.
2. Sebenzisa izisekelo ezenziwe ngensimbi elixutshiwe kuphela. Yinqwaba kumele ziphathwe compounds ekhethekile ukuvimbela chemical ukugqwala.
3. Uma imikhiqizo kungukuthi evikelwe nokugqwala, udinga ukumboza ukugqwala bebodwa compounds izifo.
4. Khiqiza concreting shaft kwangaphakathi. Le nqubo ongavikela isakhiwo yokulwa umswakama kanye nekwenta ncono kunikwa kwemandla Ukuthela ukusekelwa.

hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa imishini umthelela phakathi nokufaka inqwaba. Lokhu kuyogcina isakhiwo umkhiqizo futhi ukwandisa ukuphila kwabo inkonzo. Uma ukufakwa yinqwaba kwenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho, ukusekelwa liyokuma kuze kube iminyaka engu-100.

Izinzuzo isikulufa yinqwaba

Naphezu kokuhlaselwa okukhulu izinkinga ezingase ziphakame phakathi ukusetshenziswa lolu hlobo ukwesekwa, they nzonzobala ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa izisekelo nokwakhiwa kwezinye izakhiwo. Lokhu kungenxa izinzuzo ezilandelayo isikulufa yinqwaba:

• Kumila Usayizi medium kungenziwa esakhiwe esikhathini esifishane kwesikhathi (izinsuku akukho kuka 1-2).
• isisekelo lemali kuyehla cishe ngesigamu, ukuze ukwakhiwa zonke izakhiwo kuyoba ishibhile.
• Intulo yinqwaba mahle ukusetshenziswa emhlabathini engazinzile.

Efingqa

Ukwazi iqiniso ngabahlongakeleko sokuphila of isikulufa yinqwaba, kungenzeka ukwakha ukuthula okuhlala, onokwethenjelwa futhi isisekelo esiqinile esikhathini esifushane. Isimo main - ngokugcinwa inqubo zobuchwepheshe yokukhiqiza izigxobo futhi ukufakwa lesifanele imikhiqizo.