Ihlane laseThar: isithombe, inyama. Uphi ihlane laseTar?

Namuhla, izivakashi eziningi kanye nabahambahambayo bakhetha ukuhlala eNdiya, okuqondakalayo. Phela, enye yezinto ezikhangayo kakhulu zendalo yi-desert yaseThar enhle kakhulu, ehlala enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-India (eRajasthan nabanye) naseningizimu-mpumalanga yePakistan. Ingenye yezidalwa eziphila kakhulu kakhulu eziphilayo ezinamasimu afanayo emvelo emhlabeni jikelele.

Mayelana nokuthi i-desert yaseTar ikhona, izici zayo eziyingqayizivele, izwe elihlukahlukene lesilwane nesitshalo, ungathola ngokufunda lesi sihloko.

Ulwazi jikelele

Ngokusho kwesinye isiqephu, i-desert enkulu yaqamba igama elithi Tahl, okusho ngolimi lwendawo "lomfula we-sandune". I-Tar imelela ikhoneni eliyingqayizivele elenziwe ngumuntu lomhlaba. Akusiyo umphumela wezimo zemvelo.

I-desert yaseTar ibangelwa ngenxa yamakhulu eminyaka ubudala, ngeshwa, ukuziphatha okungaqondakali nokungalungile kwemisebenzi yabantu yezolimo, kusukela esikhathini sokuthuthukiswa kwendabuko yase-Indus kuze kube namuhla.

I-Tar Tar: isithombe, indawo, incazelo

I-Tar ibizwa nangokuthi i-Desert Great Indian. Emazweni aseHaryana, eRajasthan, Gujarat nasePunjab, iningi lalo liqhubeka. Izakhamuzi zasePakistan zibiza ugwadule ngendlela yazo - "Cholistan".

Indawo engqikithi yenkangala ingaphezu kwamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye. Amakhilomitha, ubude ubude - amakhilomitha angu-800, ububanzi - 485. Phakathi kwamathafa amaningana kulezi zindawo ngisho namachibi amancane. Ngezinye izikhathi iziphepho zemvula zenzeka kule ndawo eyomile. I-Tar yiyona kuphela ihlane elikhulu eNdiya.

Kusukela ohlangothini olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga luvinjelwe eMfuleni iSutlej, empumalanga yiMingcele yase-Aravalli, eningizimu neKach Rann saline, nasentshonalanga yi-Indus River edumile.

Cishe ingxenye yesibalo salezi zindawo imelwe ngamadwala ase-stony, amanye amanye ama-sandstones ane-barkhans nezintunduma. Ethandana futhi ekhangayo ngethambo layo elingavamile iTha.

Umhlaba wezilwane

Le ndawo emangalisayo ayinayo isimo sezulu esincane. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, kunemvelo enamandla futhi enamandla. Lona ngenye yezinkabi ezinabantu abaningi kakhulu.

Lapha uhlala nezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane eziye zakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlala kahle nezendawo zezulu ezihlala kuyo.

Ihlane laseThar lisezindaweni eziyingqayizivele futhi eziyingqayizivele lapho khona izidalwa eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu nezihlala njalo zingaphila.

Phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo eziningi lapha yizilwane zezilwane ezilandelayo : iphephe yamaNdiya, isikhukhukazi, izimpungushe, amakati asehlane, i-antelope nilgau kanye nekati lomhlanga. Lezi zinhlobo zisakazwa kabanzi epaki likazwelonke elingaziwa. Leli kona lemvelo linikeza izimo zemvelo ezihle kakhulu zokuphila nokuphila kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezilonda, amagundane ezigwadule, izinyoka nezinye izinto eziphilayo.

Ezindaweni eziningi epaki, ukutholakala kwesilwane esingavamile sekujwayelekile futhi kuyinto evamile. I-Tar Tar - indawo yokuhlala yezimbongolo ezindala kunazo zonke ezingakaze zenzeke ezinsukwini zethu zokusila. Isivunguvungu esivame kakhulu lapha kukhona izinyoka, izinhlanzi zesihlabathi kanye nezinyoka.

Umhlaba wezitshalo

Njengezilwane, izitshalo zasogwadule zisinda ngokuphelele ehlane laseNdiya, zivumelane nezimo ezinzima zemvelo. Amaqabunga alezi zitshalo akwazi ukwehla ngosayizi ukuze unciphise ukukhuphuka komswakama kusuka phezulu.

Iningi labamele izitshalo zendawo asinamaqabunga nhlobo - kuphela okubangelwa amaqabunga amancane kakhulu, okwenza kube nokulondolozwa kwamanzi anika ukuphila. Izindlela ezinjalo zivumela izitshalo ezingapheli ukulwa nezikhathi ezomile ezanele.

Isimo sezulu

I-desert yaseTar inesimo sezulu sase-continental. Iningi lemvula kulezi zindawo liwela kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSeptemba (ngesikhathi sehlobo sasehlobo), kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni kaningi kunezivunguvungu zothuli.

Izindlela Zokusinda

Izidalwa eziningi zasendle zenze izindlela zabo zokusinda ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo.

Banciphisa umsebenzi ngesikhathi sokushisa: bafihla esihlabathini noma emthunzini wamanzi wezitshalo ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi zindawo, naphezu kokushisa okwedlulele emoyeni nasemhlabeni oshisayo, isilwane, esangcwatshwe esihlabathini kuphela ngamasentimitha ambalwa, uzizwa ukhululekile ngisho nangosuku olushisayo kakhulu.

Izakhamuzi eziningi zepaki kazwelonke (izimpungushe, izilonda, amakati, izinyoka, njll) zihlala emagodini. Futhi ukuphakama komsebenzi wabo kungamahora okuqala noma ngesikhathi kwehla ekushiseni, lapho ilanga liqala ukusetha.

Kukhona izilwane, njenge-gazelle, okuyinto, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ayikwazi ukufihla ekushiseni okushisayo noma emgodini noma emthunzini. Kodwa bayakwazi ukumelana nokukhuphuka komshini wokushisa komzimba ngaphezu kokujwayelekile kuya kwezingu-7, ngaphandle kwezinkinga zempilo. Lezi zilwane zingaphila ngaphandle kwamanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa, zidla izitshalo eziluhlaza kuphela futhi zithole amaqabunga emanzini angekho.

Izimo Zezinto Eziphilayo Zasekuqaleni

Ihlane laseThar liphinde lithakazelise futhi linelukuluku kusukela ekuboneni kwezwe. Kukhona iziphakamiso ukuthi into yendawo isendaweni lapho khona khona ilwandle le-Triassic period. Yanyamalala, ikhona iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-25, futhi esikhundleni sayo kwakukhona izingcezu zezilwane nezintambo ezitholakala ezindaweni zokwakhiwa kwamadwala ezindaweni eziningi zasehlane.

Eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbalwa, lesi sifunda saphinda saba olwandle. Ezingxenyeni ze-sandstone nama-limestone endaweni yaseJaisalmer, izinsalela zama-ammonite, ezigcinwe kulezi zinsuku zasendulo, zatholakala. E- Cretaceous (ephansi) kule ndawo, kwakukhona amahlathi ashisayo. Ekupheleni kweCretaceous nasekuqaleni kwesikhathi seCenozoic (iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-63 ezedlule), ulwandle lwaphinde lwabamba lezi zindawo. Eqoqwe phansi ngaphansi kwemithombo yasendulo yemvelo, izinsalela zezidalwa eziphilayo kanye nokwehla kwazo okuqhubekayo kuyisisekelo sokwakhiwa kwama-hydrocarbon (ikakhulukazi amafutha) kanye negesi esifundeni.

Kukhona umuzi owaziwayo kakhulu ogwadule lwaseTar-Akal. Izihlahla ezifakwe emangcwabeni ezigcinwe ezindaweni ezizungezile naseJaisalmer ziyizingxenye zama-ferns namahlathi ahluma lapha ekuqaleni kwe-Jurassic period (cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-180 edlule) njengezimila eziyinhloko. Kuze kube manje, iziqu ezingaba ngu-25 zomuthi ezifakwe emasimini zimelelwa epaki lezinsalela ezindala kakhulu ku-Akal. Isihlahla esikhulu kunazo zonke lapha, sokwahlulela ngokutholakala, sinezingalo zamamitha angu-7 ubude.

Isiphetho

Eyamangalisa, egcwele umoya oyingqayizivele nokuhlakanipha kweMpumalanga, iNdiya iheha abantu abaningi abavela kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba. Leli zwe lidumile kakhulu hhayi kuphela ngamagugu amasiko, amasiko ahloniphekile asemhlabeni nasenkolo, ikhekhe elihle kakhulu, eliyingqayizivele, kodwa futhi lihle kakhulu, uhlobo lwangempela, ingxenye ebalulekile yendawo ehlane echazwe ngenhla.

Ngakho-ke, ukwenza uhambo oluya eNdiya futhi, ikakhulukazi, ngokusebenzisa ihlane elimangalisayo, ukubukela izakhamuzi zalo ezihlukile kanye nezitshalo ezikhethekile, ekubongeni ama-expanses alo amakhulu ama-sandy for amakhilomitha amaningi, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba abe nobucayi kakhulu futhi aqaphele izwe elizungezile, Uthando oluqotho futhi uluthande.