I-ventricle engakwesobunxele wenhliziyo: ukwakheka kwazo, imisebenzi zokugula

abantu nezilwane ezincelisayo ephakeme, inhliziyo liqukethe emakamelweni ezine: Atria emibili ventricles ezimbili. Ngakho, ilungiselelo ventricles kanye Atria zihlukaniswe sokunene nesobunxele.

I-ventricle engakwesobunxele kungukuqala kwegazi.

nokwakheka

Thumela kwesokunxele ventricle futhi ATRIUM kwesokunxele nge kwesokunxele ukuvulwa atrioventricular, kusukela i-ventricle yangakwesokudla ventriculus eliyingozi awavikelekile neze septum interventricular. Kule ekamelweni inhliziyo ishiya le-aorta, gazi phezu kwalo ukuthi is ahlanganiswe mpilo emithanjeni yegazi ezincane uwela izitho zangaphakathi.

Kubonakala sengathi i-ventricle engakwesobunxele ngiyothenga okuhlanekezelwe, futhi ungoyedwa zonke amakhamera ezihilelekile ekwakhekeni sokudlondlobala inhliziyo. Ngenxa esikhulu ukwedlula e-ventricle yangakwesokudla, ubukhulu, kunenkolelo yokuthi inhliziyo eyikho ngakwesokunxele, kodwa empeleni cishe maphakathi nesifuba.

kwesokunxele ventricular odongeni kukhona amamilimitha angu eziyishumi nanhlanu obukhulu, okuyinto izikhathi eziningana ezingaphezu kuka izinkomba ezifanayo i-ventricle yangakwesokudla. Lokhu kungenxa myocardium esithuthuke kabanzana ohlangothini lwesobunxele ngenxa imithwalo ephakeme. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana ephakeme ivolumu umsebenzi owawenziwa, ukushuba odongeni inhliziyo. I-ventricle engakwesobunxele odlulela igazi, ukubamba iqhaza kwegazi, kuyilapho i-ventricle yangakwesokudla inikeza igazi ivolumu indilinga lencane. Yingakho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, lona wamuva ayiqondakali athuthukile, kanye ukushuba salo esihambelana aphansi.

umyalezo Atrioventricular (imbobo) ohlangothini lwesobunxele ivaliwe valve mitral, eyayihlanganisa posterior amapheshana anterior. Ngaphambili itholakala eduze septum interventricular, nengxenye yalo engemuva - nibonakala yalo.

Kusukela womabili amaphiko ukunweba kuzithinta - umsipha imicu ukuthi ubambe ngebhande ukuze imisipha papillary. Ngokusebenzisa le misipha valve futhi yenza imisebenzi yayo, ukuthi, ngesikhathi systole, akukho ukubuya wegazi libuyiselwa ATRIUM.

imisipha Papillary Banamathele ziboya esivimba amanzi ethize (trabecula esinamanzi) zazo wahlela ku ingaphakathi ngalo ingaphakathi ventricular. trabeculae ezinjalo ikakhulukazi athuthukiswe kahle endaweni ye septum interventricular futhi sokudlondlobala inhliziyo, kodwa isibalo sabo e-ventricle engakwesobunxele lincane kwesokudla.

Ubude kanye nenombolo ukulele kwesokunxele ventricle ngabanye. Njengoba bekhula, ubude bazo kancane kancane kwandisa, kokuba inversely ezihlobene ubude imisipha papillary. Ngokuvamile kuzithinta ukuthi uya komunye imisipha enamathiselwe elinye iqabunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, itholiwe ukulele axhunywa imisipha papillary kuya trabeculae.

Esikhundleni exit we-aorta -valve semilunar, okuyothi ngalo igazi engabuyi kusukela aorta enhliziyweni.

Nerve ngiyibona kwesobunxele ventricular myocardium ongena ngesango ugongolo ikhwelo (umlenze wakhe ngakwesokunxele). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuphela kwesokunxele ventricle ishayela iqondiswa unyakazisa amagatsha amabili - front kanye labaqaphi elingemuva.

Ikakhulu i-ventricle engakwesobunxele kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yayo

Isihlobo kwezinye izingxenye inhliziyo, i-ventricle engakwesobunxele iphansi, ngemuva ngakwesobunxele. Emaphethelweni elingaphandle yayo oyindilinga xaxa futhi ubizwa ngokuthi indawo yamaphaphu. Phakathi nokuphila ivolumu ukwanda ekamelweni kusuka 5.5 cm ³ (for izinsana) kufika ku-210 cm ³ (nesishiyagalombili ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu iminyaka).

Uma eqhathaniswa ilungelo, i-ventricle engakwesobunxele has okusaqanda evelele nomumo oblong, okuningi kwemisipha ne esidenyana kunalokho.

I kwesokunxele ventricular isakhiwo ezikhonjwe eminyangweni eminingana:

• Front (infundibulum) baxhumana aorta ngembobo ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni.
• Engemuva (ingaphakathi empeleni ventricular) ukuthi baxhumana auricle kwesokudla.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngenxa ngaphezulu athuthukile myocardium ngakwesokunxele ventricular odongeni ukujiya kuyinto amamilimitha angu nanye nane.

Kwesokunxele ventricular umsebenzi ukukhululwa wegazi nomoya-mpilo angena aorta (noma kwegazi) bese ngenethiwekhi kwemithambo emincane futhi capillary kwenzeka izitho ukudla nezicubu of wonke umzimba.

izitho zomzimba

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, i-ventricles kwesokunxele nakwesokudla eziqhutshwa synchronously. Umsebenzi wabo senzeka ngezigaba ezimbili: systole futhi diastole (ngokulandelana, ukusikwa futhi aziphumulele). Systole yena, ihlukaniswe izinkathi ezimbili:

1. Voltage: kuhlanganisa ukusikwa indlela futhi icwecwe eliqophayo;
2. Ukuphuma: Kufaka uxoshwe kuyashesha futhi kancane.

voltage Okungavumelanisiwe libhekene ukusikwa engalingani kwemisipha Imicu myocardium, ngenxa ukusatshalaliswa engalingani excitation. valve Atrioventricular ivaliwe ngalesi sikhathi. Ngemva excitation ihlanganisa zonke Imicu yotshani esivimba amanzi, futhi ukucindezela ku inyuka ventricles, valve uvala, futhi ngalo ingaphakathi ivaliwe.

Ngemva ayisukumele odongeni ventricular of blood pressure ukukhuphuka ayisishiyagalombili mm HG. v., futhi umehluko nge ingcindezi ku-aorta 2 mm HG. Art., Valve semilunar ivuleka, igazi agelezela aorta. Lapho i zamanje ephambene kusukela yomthambo i-aorta igazi enezinto semilunar valve slam.

Ngemva kwalokho myocardium ventricular ephumula futhi ngokusebenzisa valve mitral kusukela egazini atrial ingena ventricle. Inqubo ngalesosikhathi phinde.

Kwesobunxele ukungasebenzi ventricular

Hlukanisa ukungasebenzi systolic futhi diastolic kwamakamelo inhliziyo.

Lapho systolic ventricular ukungasebenzi, encishisiwe ikhono push igazi ngalo ingaphakathi ku le-aorta, okuvamise ukuthi kube yimbangela ejwayeleke kakhulu ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo.

ukungasebenzi okunjalo ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa ukusikwa izehlakalo, eliphumela ukwehla unhlangothi ivolumu.

Kwesobunxele ventricular ukungasebenzi diastolic - ukwehla ikhono layo ukugcwalisa ngegazi umgodi (ie ukuqinisekisa ukugcwaliswa diastolic). Lesi simo kungaholela nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yesibili (kokubili pooling eyeqile lwemithambo), okuyinto kuhambisana dyspnoea, ukukhwehlela futhi paroxysmal dyspnea ebusuku.

ukukhubazeka inhliziyo

Kukhona azalwa naso futhi atholwe. Lesi sakamuva zibangelwa yokuphazamiseka kwesikhathi sombungu. Isigaba kuhlanganisiwe valve azalwa naso ayakhiwanga kahle, owengeziwe kule ventricle engakwesobunxele enamaphutha asihlobene kuzithinta obuphelele septum emfantwini phakathi ventricles, transposition (indawo normal) imithambo ezinkulu.

Uma kukhona ingane we atrial isici noma ventricular izindonga, pooling eyeqile lwemithambo yegazi is elixutshwe. Abantwana abakhubazekile enjalo ngokuhlanganisa kubo ne transposition izitsha isikhumba bluish, okuyinto ekuqaleni iyona uphawu kuphela.

Uma transposition likhona njengenhlangano isici elingalodwa, le hypoxia kuholela osheshayo ukufa kuhlasela. Kwezinye izimo (uma kutholakala isici ngaphambi kokuzalwa) kungenzeka ukuqhuba umsebenzi.

Ukuqhuba ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa kuyadingeka nezinye ukukhubazeka ventricular ngakwesokunxele (isb, zamehlo valve yomthambo i-aorta noma valve mitral).

Kwesobunxele hypertrophy ventricular

Libhekene uphawu ventricular udonga.

Izimbangela kulesi simo kungaba:

• ukuqeqeshwa eziphikelelayo eside (ezemidlalo zochwepheshe).
• Ukungawuvivinyi umzimba.
• Ukubhema ugwayi.
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile.
• isifo Farben.
• Sokuwohloka kwemisipha.
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Neuropathy zokugula semithambo.
• Ukukhuluphala.
• Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.
• Ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela.
• Ischemia.
• Umfutho ophakeme wegazi.

Ekuqaleni, lesi sifo singumbulali asymptomatic, nokuragela phambili inqubo kuphakama zamanga angina, ukuquleka, isiyezi, ukukhathala. Khona-ke ijoyina senhliziyo libhekene dyspnea (kuhlanganise nelase-ukuphumula).

ukuhluleka kwesokunxele ventricular

Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemuva:

• ukukhubazeka yomthambo i-aorta.
• Glomerulonephritis.
• Umfutho ophakeme wegazi.
• isilethikusebenza.
• aortitis Syphilitic.
• cardio Atherosclerotic.

Lokhu zokugula libhekene cyanosis lesichubekako, iphika, ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu enhliziyweni, ayephuli nezinye izindikimba nokunye.

Ukuxilongwa kwesokunxele ventricular kwezinso

• Ultrasound (ukuzimisela kombungu esizalweni);
• ECG;
• MRI;
• CT;
• esifubeni X-ray;
• PCG;
• echocardiography.

Indlela esiphatha ngayo i-ventricle kwesokunxele inhliziyo

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini ngokuvamile zidinga ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa.

Hypertrophy ka-ventricle engakwesobunxele wenhliziyo ingelashwa nge inhlanganisela beta blocker futhi "Verapamil". Le ndlela kunciphisa ukubonakaliswa basemtholampilo isifo. Futhi imithi Kunconywa ukuzincisha ukudla kanye nokwenqatshwa imikhuba emibi, isisindo ukunciphisa nokwehlisa kusawoti.

Ukudla kufanele ahlanganiswe oludakisayo ubisi nemikhiqizo yalo, izithelo, inhlanzi nemifino. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esibophezelayo ukunciphisa inani amafutha, amaswidi kanye ukudla okunesitashi. It Kunconywa ukuvivinya umzimba okusesilinganisweni.

Ngaphandle ukwelashwa ngoludala kanye nokwelashwa kuhlinzwa sisetshenziswa, okuhloswe ngaso nokususa ingxenye myocardium hypertrophied. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi zokugula eba phakathi neminyaka embalwa.

Uma kuziwa kwesokunxele ukwehluleka ventricular, kuleli cala, sebenzisa ezikhethekile "inhliziyo" izidakamizwa "Korglikon", "corazole", "Strofantin", "camphor", "Kordiamin", kanye nomoya-mpilo ephefumula futhi embhedeni ukuphumula.