I-oxygen sensor: izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle. Yini i-lambda probe (i-oxygen sensor)?

Kusukela esihlokweni uzofunda ngalokho okushiwo inzwa yomoya-mpilo. Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwalesi divayisi kuzokukwenza ucabange ngokuyibeka esikhundleni. Ngoba isibonakaliso sokuqala siyanda kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwephethiloli. Izizathu zalokhu kuziphatha zizochazwa ngezansi. Futhi okokuqala udinga ukukhuluma kancane ngomlando wokudala le divayisi, kanye nemigomo yayo yokusebenza.

Isidingo senzwa ye-oxygen

Futhi manje mayelana nalokho okudingekayo inzwa ye-oxygen emotweni. Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwazo zizocatshangwa kamuva. Uma ushisa noma yikuphi uphethiloli odinga ukufinyelela ku-oxygen. Ngaphandle kwaleli gesi, inqubo yomlilo ayikwazi ukuqhubeka. Ngenxa yalokho, i-oksijini kufanele imele igcine amakamelo okushisa. Njengoba uyazi, ingxube yephethiloli ihlanganiswa nophethiloli nomoya. Uma uchithela uphethiloli ohlanzekile emakamelweni okushisa, khona-ke injini ngeke isebenze. Ngakanani oksijini ehlala ohlelweni lokukhipha amandla, singasho ukuthi ingxube ye-fuel-fuel ishicilela kanjani ku-cylinders yenjini. Kungenxa yokulinganisa inani le-oksijeni okudingekayo i-lambda probe.

Umlando omncane

Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1960, okokuqala, abakwa-automakers baqala ukuzama ukufaka lezi zinzwa emishini. Ama-first oxygen sensors afakwe ezimotweni zeVolvo. Inzwa ye-oxygen nayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-lambda probe. Iqiniso liwukuthi kukhona incwadi ethi "lambda" ku-alfabhethi yesiGreki. Futhi uma ubheka izincwadi zokubhekisela ezinjini zomsakazo wangaphakathi, ungabona ukuthi yile ncwadi ebonisa coefficient of excess air in the mix fuel. Futhi le parameter ivumela ukukala inzwa ye-oxygen (i-lambda probe).

Isimiso sokusebenza

Inzwa ye-oksijini efakwe kuphela kwizimoto zokujola usebenzisa ama-unit unit control units. Isignali esakhiwe yiyo yondliwa ku -unit unit yokulawula. Lesi siginali sisetshenziselwa i-microcontroller ukuze wenze ukulungiswa okulungile kokubunjwa kwengxube. Lungisa ukuhambisa umoya ezindaweni zokushisa. Yiqiniso, ikhwalithi yenhlanganisela ayithinteki nje kuphela isignali ephuma emoyeni wenjini, kodwa nakwamanye amadivaysi amaningi angakwazi ukulinganisa umthwalo enjini, ijubane layo, kanye nesivinini semoto, njalonjalo. Ngokuvamile ezimotweni, amabili ama-lambda probes afakiwe. Omunye usebenza, kanti omunye ukulungiswa. Zifakwe ngaphambi kwe-catcollector nasemuva. Qaphela ukuthi i-lambda probe, ekhishwe ngemuva kwe-catcollector, inomshini wokushisa okuphoqelelwe okwengeziwe. Ngaphambi kokuba uhlanze inzwa ye-oksijeni, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda izidingo ezibekwe umenzi wawo.

Izimo zokusebenza ze-Lambda probe

Futhi kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kwalesi senzwa kwenzeka emazingeni okushisa kusuka kuma-degrees angu-300 nangaphezulu. Kungenxa yale njongo ukuthi kuyadingeka i-heater kagesi. Ivumela ukugcina ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwensimu ye-oxygen ngendlela ye injini engashintshi. I-sensor element ye-sensor kufanele ifakwe ngqo ekugezeni kwegesi lokukhipha. Ukuze i-electrode yayo, ekhonjelwe ngaphandle, kufanele ihlanjwe ngumfudlana. I-electrode yangaphakathi kufanele ibekwe ngqo emoyeni womoya. Yiqiniso, okuqukethwe kwe-oksijini kuhlukile. Futhi phakathi kwalezi zingu-electrode ezimbili, umehluko othize ongaqala ukuqala. I-voltage yomkhiqizo ingabonakala ngaphezulu kwe-1 volt. Yilezi zithandane ezondliwa ku-unit control unit. Futhi, uhlaziya isignali yakhe, ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwekhadi lephethiloli elihlanganiswe kuyo, landa noma linciphisa isikhathi sokuvula lalawo injini, lushintsha umoya owenzela umgwaqo.

Broadband

Kukhona idivayisi enjalo njengensiza ye-oxygen evulekile. Izibonakaliso zokungasebenzi (UAZ "Patriot" ifana nenye enye imoto) izinzwa zihlanganisa ukuthi imodi yokusebenza ye injini iyashintsha. Umehluko phakathi kokuvamile kanye naleso divayisi kukhulu kakhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi banemigomo ehluke kakhulu yezingxenye zokusebenza nezibucayi. I-broadband lambda probes ifundisa kabanzi, futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso ezimweni uma injini isebenza kumamodeli angajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ulwazi olucebileyo, ngokucacile izilungiselelo zizokwenziwa yi-unit control unit.

Indlela yokubona ukuwohloka

Kumele uqaphele ukuthi izinzwa zomoya-mpilo zithinta ukusebenza komshini kakhulu. Uma kungazelelwe i-lambda probe iyala ukuba iphile isikhathi eside, khona-ke injini cishe ngeke isebenze. Uma i-lambda probe ihlehla phansi, akukho isignali esikhiqizwa ekuphumeni, noma ishintsha ngendlela engalindelekile. Yiqiniso, lokhu kuziphatha kuyoba nzima kakhulu ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Inzwa ingahle ihambe ngendlela efanele ngokoqobo kunoma imuphi umzuzu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunemisebenzi ethile emotweni evumela injini ukuba iqale futhi ifinyelele esiteshini sevisi ngisho noma inzwa ye-oxygen ingenasici.

I-Firmware Ephuthumayo

Iqiniso liwukuthi uma i-unit control unit ibona umonakalo we-lambda probe, iqala ukusebenza hhayi ngokuvumelana ne-firmware efakwe kuyo ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa ngo-ophuthumayo. Kulesi simo, ukwakheka kwengxube kwenzeka ngokuya kwedatha etholakala kwezinye izinzwa. Inzwa ye-oxygen kuphela ayihilelekile kule nqubo. Umshayeli uzobona izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwale divayisi ngokushesha. Ngeshwa, ingxube ibumpofu kakhulu, ngoba iphesenti yephethiloli ingaphezu kokudingekile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uqinisekise ukuthi injini ayigodli. Kodwa uma ukwandisa umoya, khona-ke amathuba okuba ama-stalls enjini. Kodwa-ke, njengesixwayiso kwizimoto eziningi, isibani se-Check Engine sibheka kudeshibhodi, okukhombisa ukukhubazeka kwejini. Ukuhunyushwa kwangempela kwalokhu kubhalwe ukuthi "Hlola injini". Kodwa ngisho ngaphandle kwalo ungakwazi ukunquma ukuphazamiseka kwesondlo se-lambda. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kukhula ngokuqinile uma kuqhathaniswa nohulumeni ovamile.

Isiphetho

Manje uyazi ukuthi inzwa ye-oksijeni (i-lambda probe) yiyini, izakhiwo zayo nezici zayo. Ekuphetheni, ngingathanda ukukhuluma ukuthi lesi sici sidinga kakhulu ukuthi sifakwe kanjani. Qaphela iqiniso lokuthi ayikho imigqa phakathi kwenzwa yendlu kanye ne-catcollector, kungenjalo kuyoholela ekuhlulekeni okungakapheli kwedivayisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokusebenza i-sensor izothumela ulwazi olungalungile kwiyunithi yokulawula.