I-KamAZ 740 injini: idivayisi nokulungisa

Amaloli eKamAZ akhiwa ngo-1969. Ukuze uthole isizukulwane esisha samaloli, onjiniyela badala injini ye-diesel eyisi-8-cylinder ye-KamAZ-740 V8 injini. Leyunithi yamandla yayinevolumu yokusebenza ka-10852 cm3, futhi amandla ayo ayengamahhashi angu-210. Khona-ke isibalo samandla kwakudingeka sandiswe kusuka ku-180 hp. Kuze kube ngu-360. La makhukhi ayenesibindi se-clutch-air conditioner, ibhokisi le-5-speed nge synchronizers.

Idivayisi yedayelli

Ukuklama kwala ma-injini, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye, ukusebenza nge-diesel fuel, kunezinzuzo ezithile. Iyunithi inobuncane obukhulu, futhi inomzimba omncane uma iqhathaniswa neYMZ 238 efanayo.

I-torque esuka emotweni kuya ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko idluliselwa ngokufaka izigesi. Ngakho-ke, ama-gears ohlelweni lokusabalalisa igesi, amaphampu kanye ne-compressors, kanye ne-booster hydraulic, basebenza emagayini.

Le injini (KamAZ 740) inesiqalo esihle ngisho nasezingeni eliphansi kakhulu lokushisa. Lokhu kwenzelwe amandla ngamandla ebhethri, izinyathelo zokuqala nezinyathelo zokushisa ngaphambi kokuqala.

Ukucaciswa kwenjini

Isibonelo sezitshalo zamandla sabizwa ngegama - i-diesel KamAZ 740. Izilinda zitholakala ku-V-shape. I-crankshaft ijikeleza ngakwesokudla. I-cylinders inesayizi yobubanzi buka-120 mm, ububanzi buka-120 mm. Injini ye-KamAZ 740 enesisindo somsebenzi esingu-10.85 amalitha. Inesilinganiso esiphakeme sokucindezela esingu-17. Amandla epasipoti ngo-kW ayi-154 kuya ku-210. I-torque esiphezulu ngu-650 kgf / m. Ukusetshenziswa okungenani kwamafutha ngamalitha ayi-165, okungenani ama-alitha angu-178. I-cylinder ngayinye ine-valve eyodwa yokungena futhi, ngokufanayo, isisodwa esisodwa.

Cabangela injini ye-KamAZ 740, idivaysi yama-nodes ahlukene nezinhlelo.

I-block of cylinders

Le nci akuyona into efana nenxenye yomzimba yunithi. Ihloselwe ukukhuphula nokuvikela zonke izindlela nezinhlelo eziyisisekelo. Ibhokisi le-cylinder lenziwe ngesakhiwo se-cast cast. Ingxenye inezimbobo zobuchwepheshe, kanye neziteshi zokugcoba nokupholisa.

Engxenyeni engenhla yale block kukhona izidleke zemikhono. Futhi icala linamashaneli nemikhakha yokuhambisa amanzi okupholisa. Ingxenye engezansi ye-cylinder block nayo isebenza njenge-crankcase. Lapha i-crankshaft ifakiwe. UCarter unezimbobo ezimbili zobuchwepheshe zokugcoba. Ngaphakathi kweyunithi inezingxenye zezingodo ezikhethekile zokuqina. Kulezi ziqeshana nezindonga ze-crankcase, kwenziwa amamori akhethekile, avaliwe ngamabhodlela. Lezi zingxenye zikhonza njengezisekelo ze-crankshaft.

Iyunithi ifakwe ukwesekwa kwe-camshaft, futhi lapha kutholakala indlela yokuhambisa igesi.

Imikhono yemikhakha isebenza njengeziqondiso zamapistoni. Kanye nekhanda le-block benza isakhiwo esikhethekile, okuyikamelo lokufudumala lephethiloli. Imikhono yenziwe ngensimbi ekhethekile, futhi iphinde igwetshwe ugesi.

Ingxenye engenhla yendiza imelelwe izinhloko zamasilinda. Ngamunye wabo unenhloko yakhe. Lezi zingxenye zenziwe nge-aluminium. Inhloko ngayinye ngaphakathi inebhoje lokupholisa, eliphinde lixhunywe nejacket yunithi. Futhi, inhloko ngayinye inezimbobo zokugcoba, ama-valve wokudla nokukhipha, isokhethi esikhethekile se-injection.

Isakhiwo nokusebenza kwe-lubrication system

Injini ye-KamAZ 740 ifakwe uhlelo lokuhlanganiswa kwe-lubrication. Kuye lapho izingxenye zokuxubha zitholakala khona futhi ngaphansi kweziphi izimo, amafutha atshwa ngezindlela ezehlukene. Uhlelo lungasakaza, ukunikeza amafutha ngaphansi komfutho ophansi, noma ukuvumela ukuba lugeleza ngamandla adonsela phansi.

Idivayisi ihambisa amafutha ngaphansi kwengcindezi ezingxenyeni ezivame ukugqoka futhi zisebenze ezingxenyeni ezicindezeleke kakhulu. Leli yunithi inezinsimbi ezinkulu namadivaysi lapho kugcinwa khona i-lubricant, ama-filtration namadivaysi okunikezela, kanye nokupholisa amafutha.

Amafutha adlula kusukela ku-pallet kuya kumamukeli we-oyela, adlula ngesihlungi esikhethekile ngesimo segridi. Khona-ke iya empompo weoli. Kusuka kusigaba somjovo ngokusebenzisa isiteshi esikhethekile, i-lubricant isondliwe ekuhlungeni amafutha bese ufika emgqeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcoba kwekhanda le-cylinder kanye ne-cylinder block kudlula iziteshi zokugcoba, bese kuthi kwezinye izingxenye, njenge-crankshaft, indlela yokuhambisa igesi, i-compressor kanye ne-fuel pump.

Emagqumeni, i-lubricant excess isusiwe ngezindandatho zokukhipha amafutha, bese ushiya ngaphezulu emiphakathini ye-piston. Yile ndlela iphini le-piston elihamba ngayo ekhanda elingenhla.

Kusukela kumafutha omboni omncane kudlalwa ku-thermosensor. Uma ibhuloho livulekile elihlanganisa ukuxubha kwamanzi, khona-ke i-clutch ibuye isetshenziswe. Uma isendaweni evaliwe, khona-ke kusukela ezihlungi ze-centrifugal, uketshezi luphethwe ngaphakathi epanini.

Uma okokugcoba kunganele, amandla awela, futhi izingxenye zibhekene nokugqoka okwedlulele, imishini yokushisa imoto, ama-bearings ayancibilika, futhi amapistoni angaphambuka.

Injini yokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi KamAZ 740

Lokhu kuphetha ukubuyekezwa kwethu. Sasihlola injini ye-KamAZ 740 ngokwayo, idivayisi kanye nesistimu yokugcoba. Manje ake sijwayelane nesifunda samandla.

Ama-node yamandla aklanyelwe ukugcina uphethiloli, ukuhlanza, bese uwafakela emakamelweni okushisa ngokuhambisana nemodi yokusebenza yunithi yamandla.

Injini ye-KamAZ 740 ifakwe inamba yokunikezela amandla kagesi ohlukanisayo. Lapha ipompoli yamafutha kanye nama-injection ahlukanisiwe. Lolu hlelo luqukethe amathangi okugcina i-diesel fuel, filters fuel, ipompo ephansi, impompo yamanzi, kanye nemigqa yamagesi.

Isebenza kanjani?

Ukusuka kwamathangi okushisa ngamapompo okupompa, uphethiloli uphelela ezihlungi zokuhlanza. Khona-ke, ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-fuel-low fuel, i-diesel fuel inikezwa ipompo yokujola. Ngemuva kwepompo yokujoza, iphoyisa idizili ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kuma-batches, iqhubekela phambili ku-modes yokusebenza ye-injini, ngokusebenzisa ama-injection kuya kuma-cylinders namagumbi okushisa. Amacu, naye, ahlanza ingxube. I-diesel fuel excess ibuyiswa itanki ngokusebenzisa i- valve ye-bypass.

Uhlelo lokupholisa injini ye-Engine KamAZ 740

Ukupholisa kuvezwa njengendlela evaliwe yokuphefumula okwenziwe ngamanzi kanye nokusakaza okuphoqelelwe.

Ngokuyinhloko, uhlelo lolu hlelo alufani nezejwayelekile kulo lonke uhlobo lwezimoto. Uma kukhona i-engine ye-KamAZ 740, khona-ke ungayibona ngokuningiliziwe.

I-coolant ijikeleza ngaphansi kwethonya lompompi we-centrifugal. Okokuqala, i-antifreeze ifika emgqeni wesigcawu sesobunxele se-cylinders, bese ihamba ngaphakathi kwiphubhu - ibe yindawo efanele. Khona-ke ingxube iyahlanza izingxube ze-cylinders, bese ihamba emigodini - isikhumba sekhanda le-cylinder.

Khona-ke izinga lokushisa elishisayo liya ema-thermostats, bese ku-radiator noma kumpompo wamanzi. Izimboni zokushisa zilawulwa yi-thermostats kanye nama-coupling hydraulic.

Izinselelo ezinkulu zenjini

Phakathi kwabanikazi balo moto, ukukhubazeka okuyinhloko kwezimoto ze-KamAZ 740 kuyancipha kakhulu futhi amandla aqhuma, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamagesi kanye nophethiloli. Futhi ukungahambi kahle okwenziwe yizinga eliphezulu lokukhishwa kwentuthu. Kuyinto engavamile futhi ukucindezela kwehla ohlelweni lokugcoba.

Iyunithi ingakwazi ukugijima ngokungazi lutho, ngezinye izikhathi zikhona imisindo ehlukene ngaphandle kwezingqikithi ezahlukene. Ngokuvamile, amaphutha ahlobene ne-crankshaft. Ukuvuza okungenzeka ukupholisa.

Uma leyunithi isetshenziselwa umkhawulo wamathuba, kodwa kaningi - uma injini ye-KamAZ 740 ingasetshenziswa kahle, ukulungiswa akufaneleki. Kodwa emva kokuqothula okukhulu umshini uzokwazi ukusebenza futhi ngokugcwele, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nangcono nakakhulu.

Mayelana namanani

Namuhla, inhlangano enjalo isengathengwa. Intengo ye-Kamaz 740 izoba, kuye ngokuthi imishini namandla, kusuka ku-rubriki angu-550,000 womklamo onamandla angama-240 amalitha. Nge. Kuze kube ngu-600,000 ruble for model onamandla angama-320 amalitha. Nge. Yiqiniso, ungathenga futhi ushibhe kakhulu. Imakethe yezimoto nge-mileage okwamanje inikeza izinketho eziningi ngamanani aphansi.

Ngakho, sithole zonke izici ze-"KAMAZ" injini.