Giant amagundane imvukuzane: incazelo, izithombe. zezinyoni ezingavamile izilwane

Lena engavamile futhi ezingavamile ubunjalo isilwane libhekwa njengoba ezincelisayo, igundane.

Mayelana izici onaleli silwane esingavamile ngokuthi lowo mdondoshiya imvukuzane rat (okuyinto uhlala ezindaweni wasakazeka imikhuba nokunye.), Kuyakubalelwa okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Yiziphi kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingavamile izilwane?

Inani elikhulu of onhlobonhlobo amafomu ukuphila kuhlanganisa iplanethi ewumhlaba. Okwamanje, abaningi babo kakade yokuqothulwa kanye asele zinzima kakhulu ukubala.

Ngokuvamile, ukunakwa komuntu ukhangwa zilwane ezinhle kakhulu, kungabonwa eziqiwini, noma ungafunda ngabo ezincwadini. Kodwa kukhona emhlabeni nezidalwa ukuthi kunzima ukuthola imvelo, futhi okuyinto akubona bonke uyazi. Lawa izinhlobo zezilwane futhi esengozini yokuqothulwa. Kuba nzima nakakhulu ukubona izilwane eziphilayo ezingaphansi komhlaba. Phakathi kwabo kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingavamile kakhulu izilwane. Omunye wabo - giant imvukuzane rat.

Abaningi nakuqaphela izinto ezimangalisayo kanjani futhi ezihlukahlukene zezilwane zasendle abangabahlali zomhlaba komhlaba umhlabathi. Iningi labo liye waqala uzalo lwayo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo impela, phakathi kwalabo ephethwe futhi amangalisayo giant imvukuzane rat.

Giant amabuzi: incazelo

Giant ke lilinganiselwe njengoba isisindo sayo Imininingwane kuyinto 0.7 kuphela 1 kg, umzimba has a ubude 25-30 cm, umsila obuphelele - 4 cm umndeni wakhe abakhulu nabo :. Bukovinskii imvukuzane rat, ethafeni, anesihlabathi eziningi ezinye izinhlobo mass umzimba 200-300 amagremu ukuxegiselwa.

umbala Khanyisa, grey-yellow onsundu ngokuphaphathekile noma abe ocher has imvukuzane (isithombe ephansi) engenhla ingxenye yomzimba. Ezilwaneni omdala okhakhayini cishe emhlophe. Lokunameka noboya ventral kuyinto linqoba grey ithoni. Ezinye izinto emabunzini esiswini kukhona namabala amhlophe (lena albino esinqunyiwe). Umbala fur on esiswini ubuswa amathoni grey. Isikhumba sesilwane ulula futhi ephansi value. Ngaphambili okuyingxenye Yekhanda libanzi, amathambo ithambo acinene futhi ulwanga mufushane kunobukaJohane nezinye izinhlobo umkhaya walo. Occipital e imvukuzane futhi uhluke, elise ngezansi nje. Ngaphambili ingxenye amazinyo engenhla kuyinto convex.

Apples iso imvukuzane giant rat afihliwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba, nezinzwa zabo kakhulu kabi athuthukile, ngakho-ke lokhu isilwane cishe abakwazi ukubona noma yini.

ukusabalala

Okusatshalalisiwe imvukuzane giant rat uhlubuke nezindawo sandy Ciscaucasia Zavolzhja. He is sendawo ukuze semi ehlane izifunda iCaspian ohlala sifinyelela engezansi emfuleni Terek, Kuma futhi Sulak.

Eningizimu, izindawo zabo ukufinyelela ulayini Gudermes - Makhachkala. E-Republic of Dagestan, ziseZwini Emathafeni: i-Terek-Kuma futhi Sulak. Kwakukhona endaweni amancane Indawo lezi zilwane eningizimu Kalmykia, kodwa manje, ngokusobala, babelana gone. amagundane imvukuzane, abahlala bodwa sifinyelela engezansi. Ural (uzamcolo emathafeni Wheel, Emba futhi Temir - Kazakhstan) bakha ifomu elihlukile - imvukuzane rat Ural.

Kwamanye amazwe, lowo mdondoshiya imvukuzane rat akahlali.

izindawo

Ngokuvamile, i-rat-giant imvukuzane uhlala Sands inamagquma, ukunamathela izindawo kuqhathaniswa olumanzi kanye emfuleni izigodi echibini ezingwini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziseZwini sagebrush futhi emaqeleni utshani-forb. Futhi, lesi silwane ungakwazi ukujabulela evumayo izindawo yabantu: izingadi, amasimu alfalfa kanye nezinye utshani aklaba, iziza engadini. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Kazakhstan imvukuzane ixazululwe ngisho ihlathi glades futhi amaphethelo.

Izici yokuphila

Ukuziphatha lalesi silwane emangalisayo ayiqondakali kahle.

Giant imvukuzane kuholela ukuphila umzimba, komhlaba, ukwakha isimiso multistage ihamba komhlaba ku izingqimba zenhlabathi. Bezihlahla yakhe -. Ithuluzi Primary imivimbo ukumba, bathembisa at a 20-50 cm ukujula futhi ububanzi 11-15 cm Peak yokumba Umsebenzi entwasahlobo (March kuya ku-April).

komhlaba kulezo zindawo esiqokiwe inhlabathi ekushayweni njengezinqwaba zezincithakalo ukuphakama 30-50 cm ububanzi futhi angu-1.5. Ubude ingqikithi Imigudu kuyinto ambalwa amamitha, futhi isitoreji, namagumbi lokushutheka zisendaweni ka 0,9-3 amamitha ukujula.

Ibanga phakathi kwemiphakathi izilwane 150-250 m. Imvukuzane amagundane kakhulu akuvamile ukuza ebusweni. Active giant imvukuzane rat unyaka wonke futhi ubusuku nemini. Ngo ubuthongo angawi.

1 ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwenzeka kanye ngonyaka kwentwasahlobo. Wazalelwa ngokuvamile kusukela amathole 2 kuya ku-6 ukuthi ngaso umama okokuqala, futhi onqenqema ukuwa. imvukuzane (isithombe ngezansi kuyinto umntwana) ifinyelela ekuthombeni onyakeni wesi-2 ukuphila kwabo.

ukuziphatha

Ingabe lokhu izici isilwane esingavamile obuvamile zonke izilwane ezincelisayo esinegazi elifudumele, ukuphefumula kwenzeka ukukhanya, linoboya, baphumelele ekukhuliseni izingane zabo, "ngokuvumelana nemithetho." Kukhona into eyodwa. Young akuveli ukukhanya, futhi ubumnyama ngomshoshaphansi. Futhi siphile iminyaka esele yokuphila kwakhe emaphandleni Umhlaba, hhayi ngokuba khona phezu kobuso ukukhanya.

Imvukuzane rat udla?

izingxenye komhlaba izitshalo (nezilimo eziyizigaxa, rhizomes kanye ama) kukhona amandla main besikhumba saleso silwane. Ngokuvamile umuntu imvukuzane rat ithala ekamelweni kwenza okuphakelayo amasheya ukuze 2-2.5 kg.

izitha imvukuzane

Izimbangi nezitha ubunjalo giant imvukuzane ngokuqondene nendlela nezimfihlo zokuphila cishe lapho. Kuphela yawoyise abasha akuvamile ukuhlasela izimpungushe, izinyoni ezidla inyama namakati.

Ekuphetheni, into esemqoka - isimo ukulondolozwa

Ezingavamile zama-igundane endle - umdondoshiya imvukuzane rat. IRed Encwadi eRussia kanye IUCN Red List of izilwane ezingavamile yakhiwa isilwane ezingavamile.

Ngenxa ulwazi abampofu lolu hlobo idatha olunembile ku izinombolo zabo lapho. Lena isilwane ezingavamile futhi ayiqondakali kahle ukuthi has a engaba ongaphakeme zokuzala.

labantu wabo noma uqinile noma kuncipha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusabalala kwamagundane imvukuzane endaweni yabo encane ngempela engalingani. Limelela nemizana ngabanye, ngokuvamile angavalelwa isihlabathi okukhulu. Futhi kube kuncipha imiphakathi kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwendawo ngenxa izinqubo womuntu, umsebenzi ezihlobene umhlaba sokufunwa (ovula kwamazwe eseyintombi yifusi, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ukwakhiwa uchelela emiseleni), ukuklabisa imfuyo ezindaweni kwendawo izilwane nomunye umsebenzi kwezomnotho okungahambisani acabangele isidingo sokulondoloza onjalo ezingavamile isilwane komhlaba njenge-giant imvukuzane rat.

phezu eziningana zezinto eziphilayo wokwaziswa esingathembela kuwo emvelweni ngenxa yezimo zokuphila (nangaphansi komhlaba). Inani lalesi silwane kumangalisa, mhlawumbe namakhophi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa kuphela.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukukhiqizwa giant imvukuzane akuvunyelwe.