Njengoba wazi, ukukhangisa - kuyinto injini yokuthengelana. Kodwa abathengi yesimanje, bakuthola kunzima ukuheha kuphela isembozo egqamile futhi amazwi amahle. Abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe ngilangazelela ukufika ulwazi mayelana umkhiqizo noma umsebenzi bebodwa ngifuna ke ku-intanethi. Ngemva kokuxoxa esithangamini ezikhethekile bese ehlola amazwana, kulula wenze isinqumo sakho. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezinto ezinjalo kusetshenziswa ongaphakeme-liphumele izakhiwo, njengoba evundile izitini zikasimende. abaculi Guest, incazelo zokukhiqiza kanye nezici isicelo nazo enikeziwe.
Foam izitini zikasimende. izici
Negesi silicate (noma, njengoba zibizwa kanjalo, ukhonkolo evundile) uhlobo Foam ukhonkolo. Eqinisweni Akwaziwa ukuthi emoyeni - nansi best yisivikelo ezishisayo. Ngokombono walaba conductivity ezishisayo, izinto ephumelela kunazo yilezo inqwaba ikhule ezimbotsheni, futhi ngenxa yalokho, umoya ngaphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, polystyrene (styrofoam), Foam zenjoloba (owaziwa nangokuthi polyurethane), ingilazi fibre noma basalt ipuleti. It has izakhiwo efanayo kanye isitini perforated. Futhi uma ize, aba maningi ukulondoloza ukushisa. Okwamanje, le nkinga liye laba nezokusigcoba kakhulu. Njengoba izindleko amandla kwandisa usuku ngalunye oludlulayo. Nokho, igwebu ukhonkolo amabhlogo (izinkomba onjiniyela siliqinisekise) abe sinazo - umthamo esindayo. Ngamanye amazwi, indaba asifanele eliphezulu liphumele izakhiwo. Kulesi sici, sizokutshela kabanzi.
Ukukhiqizwa evundile zikasimende
I izici lobuchwepheshe indaba kokuqala has a eliphezulu kakhulu umthwalo umthamo. Ngakho-ke, ukhonkolo sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni multi-storey izakhiwo. Kodwa izindonga le nto kokuthola abandayo. Le nkinga yaxazululeka ngu ukwahlukanisa eyengeziwe ngaphandle. Safika esiphethweni sokuthi uma uthola indlela ukushayela emoyeni ku ukhonkolo, kuyoba ngcono imingcele ezishisayo kanye lobuchwepheshe With ukuthuthukiswa zokwakha production technology onjiniyela. Okwamanje, zikhona izindlela eziningana ukuze enze Foam ukhonkolo. Ngokwesibonelo, amakhemikhali. Ungqimba ukhonkolo ungeze ejenti reagent-yesivini (kuleli cala lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa aluminium powder). Khona-ke, ikhambi okuholela yafakwa isikhunta akhethekile bavunyelwe lukhuni ngendlela engokwemvelo. Ukusheshisa le nqubo emabhuloki ibekwe kuhhavini autoclave.
Izinhlobo zikasimende
Kuye ukusetshenziswa amaziko kanye nenqubo yesivini, lolu hlobo ekwakheni Sihlukaniswe saba:
1) eyenziwe evundile zikasimende (izibuyekezo bocwepheshe bathi inqubo yokoma kwamanzi ngokwemvelo namanje kuphazamisa izinga lezingcingo);
2) igesi ukuphatse amabhlogo. Ngezinye izikhathi okukhulunywe silicate njengoba autoclave.
Kwakamuva ngokuphakeme ezimbonini akhiqizwa izimboni ezinkulu. Foam ukhonkolo amabhlogo (izibuyekezo ezimele ukwakhiwa amafemu uqinisekise lesi) ingenziwa amabhizinisi amancane, noma ngabe ngokuqondile kusayithi. Nokho, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ukukhiqizwa yezimboni of izinga kangcono, njengoba degree of ukuhambisana nezimfuneko zomsebenzi siphakeme kakhulu kunalokhu.
Ukusetshenziswa Foam ukhonkolo amabhlogo
Futhi, igwebu ukhonkolo amabhlogo (intengo ucezu per kungenzeka ngokuphongoza kuye umenzi) zihlukaniswe brand. Ngokwesibonelo, usebenzisa isitembu 600. Le ephansi inombolo Inkomba, ngcono izakhiwo nangokuvikela (kodwa izinto ezinjalo ziyaqothuka ngaphezulu) for ukwakhiwa isakhiwo asekelayo. Kanjani ingasetshenziswa ukuze kwakhiwe multi-storey amabhlogo ngokhonkolo evundile? Amazwana onjiniyela kuleli cala zingancishiswa eyodwa - kuphela njengoba yisivikelo ukushisa. Ukusekela izakhiwo senziwa yokuntwela ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu noma lwensimbi, futhi emabhuloki 200 grade esetshenziswa njengoba yamathebhu.
Umsebenzi Wamatshe zikasimende
Kusukela indlela isisekelo senziwa (kuqala kumugqa), ke kuxhomeke kakhulu lokho kuyoba lonke udonga. The main imfuneko - nokulandela ovundlile. Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu kuyoba lula ngempela, uma sisebenzisa ungqimba kwakuzosuswa nodaka.
Ukuze uqale ukusebenzisa ungqimba yokululama noma ukufaka beacons kuma-ziyakhula ka mayelana 50-80 ngamasentimitha. On them babeka kanye nokweseka isixazululo, kusukela emagumbini omabili. Uma isizinda esomile ibe lukhuni, ungaqala ukupaka Foam (futhi, kusukela emakhoneni, nokwenza kweqembu imigqa ezintathu ukuphakama). Ngokufanayo kwenziwa kweqembu endaweni lapho wajoyina izindonga zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Badlule laying lomugqa wokuqala amabhlogo. Uma kudingeka, kwenze ngombala endaweni. Yenza kube lula ngosizo ahlabayo noma isigqoko ngamasaha, usebenzisa amasondo itshe. Khona-ke wenza wokwakha eziyisisekelo. For Amadivayisi emnyango noma emafasiteleni iphazamisekile eziningana obuphelele oyifunayo, nokuvulwa phezulu ibekwe block ezimise U-. Ukuze amandla wonke imigqa ezintathu noma ezine wokwakha luqiniswe anezikhala eziphothene. Sutures futhi kufanele ngci ukunciphisa nokushisa. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-evundile zikasimende awanele. amanetha Ngakho-ke, laying slabs Ukubeka ukwenza, okuyinto olubunjiwe kusukela ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi kufanele alingane ububanzi odongeni. Ukuphakama kunqunywa izinga yokulayisha. Ngokuvamile kuba kusukela ngamasentimitha ayishumi kuya kwangamashumi amabili.
I sihlanganisa evundile ukhonkolo amabhlogo?
Kunconywa ukuba asebenzise ingcina noma wokwakha nosimende laying izitini zikasimende. Okokugcina ishibhile, kodwa inawo nezihibe, nokuqedwa kamuva kungadla ezibizayo kakhulu ngaphezulu. Chaza ukuthi kungani. Umsebenzi Wamatshe nosimende babe ongaphakeme ezishisayo conductivity ukusebenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kudingeka ukwahlukanisa ngaphezulu. Uma beqhathaniswa wokwakha ne ingcina, ivolumu edingekayo solution kuyinto kakhulu okukhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, lo yinkimbinkimbi yomsebenzi wokulungiselela luyanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyafaneleka ukuthi ezivuzayo etholwe emakhiyubhi isebenzisa isisombululo ubukeka kancane kucocekile. Lokhu kubandakanya izindleko ezengeziwe ngesikhathi imisebenzi yokuqedela. Njengoba ubona, ukusetshenziswa wokwakha ingcina ugcina ngokuba inzuzo kakhulu futhi kahle. Isixazululo ukusetshenziswa buyafaneleka kuphela lapho izinga muhle Foam ngokwanele izitini zikasimende. Ngokwesibonelo, uma amabhlogo babe kungalingani ngobukhulu kuyinto amamilimitha angu kukhulu kune eziyisikhombisa kwabayisishiyagalolunye, kutuswa ukusebenzisa isixazululo.
Ngo kokuhlinzwa, anamathelayo noma isixazululo ukubola ngu ubude amabhlogo amabili noma amathathu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ifilimu Kwamanzi hhayi kwakhiwa, okuyinto kunciphisa isango. lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe ikakhulukazi lapho kushisa khona.
Foam zikasimende: Ubukhulu
Ubukhulu ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha ziboshelwa ukuba isitini ejwayelekile sobumba. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye usayizi Foam block 200h300h600 mm (ezivamile) "ibekwe" silicate 13 noma 15 ngezitini ezivamile. Foam zikasimende ivuliwe odongeni (200x300x600 mm) kanye ukwahlukanisa (100x300x600 mm).
isiphetho
Izindlu eyenziwe zikasimende ukwakha ushibhile kakhulu, ngaphandle, aba maningi imvelo. Futhi uzinake kuyinzuzo enkulu ngesikhathi sokwakha, uma kuqhathaniswa ngezitini ezivamile. Futhi-ke, kufanele bazazi ubuchwepheshe ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo kanye ikhumbule zonke izinkomba lobuchwepheshe.