Filigree - Iyini? Russian filigree amasu

Okokuhloba art bayazisa njalo. Futhi hhayi okungaka ngenxa kwezindleko zezinto esetshenziswa, kodwa ngenxa okunekhono ukubulawa noma filigree imigexo yobuciko imikhiqizo ubuchwepheshe okusezingeni eliphezulu ukwelashwa kwezobuciko. Olunye uhlobo yaleli su iyona filigree.

Filigree futhi filigree?

Empeleni, la mazwi amabili sizochaza into efanayo. Kuphela kuqala - bomdabu Russian - ". Ukusonta ngentambo" lisho ukuthi "ukusonta", Okwesibili - imvelaphi eYurophu, noma kunalokho Latin, kusekelwe igama elithi "ngentambo" futhi "okusanhlamvu".

Ngakho filigree - indlela ethile enza izihloko bafaniswe wire elincanyana, ezisabalele kusukela amatshe ayigugu (isiliva, platinum, igolide). Uyawuvumela, impela nje, wire lace.

Ukuze ahlobise mikhiqizo avame ukusetshenziswa okuthiwa imbewu - amabhola amancane. Futhi enziwa of amatshe ayigugu - isiliva, igolide.

Umsuka filigree

Kuyamangalisa, kodwa umsuka endulo, siyaqhubeka lisetshenziswe samanje cishe ngendlela efanayo. Akulungile ukucabanga ukuthi filigree (filigree) siqala ERussia yasendulo. Lena akuyona ngakho. Izikhumbuzo 6-4 eminyaka BC. e., okuqondene Greece, Egypt, ukufakazela ezingeni lelisetulu lolu hlobo imigexo art. Nokho, indlela Umdwebo ukuthola wire akwaziwa ezikhathini zasendulo. It senziwa kusuka ibha metal by ekwakheni futhi wokucwebezelisa. ERussia, ukudweba filigree yathi chithi saka ekhulwini 10. Ngesikhathi zaqala ukusetshenziswa ngo Scania imikhiqizo okusanhlamvu. Futhi kuphela ekhulwini th 15-16, ngokuhamba waya izinto ezahlukene kakhulu: koqweqwe lwawo, namatshe anenani, nemithi.

ukudoba Russian

Filigree eRussia sidilizwa - uhlobo ibhizinesi khadi original Russian imigexo art. Le nqubo ibizwa kabanzi esetshenziselwa ukwenza hhayi kuphela ubucwebe, kodwa futhi zezinto zalo isonto, amaholo izincwadi ezingcwele kanye imifanekiso, izikhali, izinto zasekhaya. Ngokwesibonelo, ngisho ne filigree ehlotshisiwe Morocco amabhuzu.

Ekhulwini le-17 kuvulwe eRussia, workshop ekhethekile, okuyinto babehilelekile yokukhiqiza wire (wire umdwebo ibhizinisi). Futhi zezindela, izigodi kwesikhulu ku workshop evulekile lapho ithalente langempela wasebenza filigree icala. amakhosi adumile sikhathi zemihla imithombo shayela Ivan Fomin futhi Ambrose.

Filigree - kuyinto imikhiqizo eqolo, okwakukhona itholakala kuphela abantu abacebile. Phela, kwaba umsebenzi manual obucayi, ezidinga umninindlu iminyaka zanqwabelana isipiliyoni, lapho kukhona khona inkolo eyayinaso.

Amaphiriyodi ukuchuma ukwehla

Ngo 18-19 eminyaka filigree Rus othola inkathi zezimbali. Ububanzi imikhiqizo eyenziwe imigexo ubuciko, njalo uyanda. Workshop avele emadolobheni amaningi, futhi ngokushesha kuyalungiswa ukukhiqizwa imboni imikhiqizo filigree.

I Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala, kwaba nenkathi yokwehla - ezimpini, ekuvukeleni ... Yiqiniso, kwakungeyona kuze kube art lo othengisa sika.

Nokho, futhi savuka in Soviet Russia. Futhi kuze kube sezingeni lokuba buthola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke. Ngo-1937 embukisweni e Paris, imikhiqizo amakhosi kusukela epulazini "Krasnoselsky ingcweti" ngithola indondo yegolide, futhi ezaboniswa embukisweni e-New York (1939).

Futhi wayezazisa imikhiqizo amakhosi kusukela esigodini Kazachkova (Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni), Mstera emzaneni (Vladimirovskaya esifundeni), idolobha Privolzhsk (Ivanovo esifundeni).

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuzoba ukukhiqizwa ngaphezulu imboni filigree zokuhloba iMoscow, iLeningrad nakwamanye amadolobha.

Izinhlobo filigree ubucwebe

Kuye indlela yekusetjentiswa imikhiqizo filigree kukhona ezintathu izinhlobo. I filigree brazed soldered ungene iphethini substrate metal we wire.

Kumila openwork filigree engekho, amaphethini wire zihlanganiswa komunye nomunye, futhi etholakale lace metallic. It openwork filigree phesheya uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi filigree Russian.

Uhlobo lwesithathu - scan ivolumu. Ngokuvamile, lokhu mkhiqizo ehlanganisa izingxenye eziningana. Ngakho lezi izingxenye kukhona inqubo filigree kakhulu eyenziwa eceleni bese sihlanganiswe. Kungenzeka, isibonelo, isilwane imifanekiso yezinto zokudlala, ugqoko, vase, inkomishi umnikazi. Filigree unika mikhiqizo intuthuko futhi okwakhe.

Izinto ngoba filigree

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi ukuze bakwamukele best filigree isiliva negolide. Lezi yizicukuthwane esithambile futhi ngaphandle okuphothula izinsimbi kalula ukudonselwa wire. Ngokwesibonelo, intambo ukuthi ingenziwa 1 igremu zegolide kuzoba ubude mayelana 2500 amamitha.

Nokho, imikhiqizo filigree, okuyinto etholakala ayigugu ibiza kakhulu, ngakho baqala ukusebenzisa ezinye izinto ngoba ukwehliswa yabo intengo.

Ngokuyinhloko ithusi, ngoba ductility okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi umsungulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intambo zethusi kulula isiliva noma igolide leaf.

Isetshenziswa njengesici aluminium, cupronickel, zethusi nezinye izinsimbi ezithile. Into eyinhloko ukuze bakwazi uyaziveza aphume wire elincanyana. Ngemva filigree - iwumkhiqizo ehlanganisa amaphethini wire.

amasu filigree kudinga ikhono

Ngempela, inkosi ngayinye skanschik unamaqhinga ayo ukuhweba. Ngisho namanje, lapho kwakukhona ukukhiqizwa imboni imikhiqizo enjalo, inani umsebenzi wezandla sisalokhu siphakeme. Futhi kusukela master, ngumuntu umculi unamakhono incike izinga kangakanani futhi kuyoba yinto enhle, wenza filigree imiklamo.

I ukushuba we wire walezinto ezihlukahlukene umkhiqizo, ubuningi kanye nokwakheka ice okusheshayo, ubude ukushiswa wire ... izimfihlo Ngakho abaningi sisuka enkosini ngayinye. Nokho, izigaba eziyinhloko zomsebenzi zihlala zinjalo. Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa wire sesigcilikisha ngokwabo ukuyimisa akudingekile. Filigree - namanje ngqo, isihloko, noma ngisho nokudalwa kwemisebenzi yobuciko.

Ukuhlunga ukushuba wire, inkosi buchitha wakhe noma ushiye bushelelezi - konke kuncike umkhiqizo, lapho uqala umsebenzi. By the way, ngaphambi kokuba uqale ke, kufanele wenze indaba emfushane ka imikhiqizo ogcwele. Umsebenzi eyenziwa on ucezu ngalunye ngokuhlukile. Bona bend ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana emfushane. amathuluzi ezikhethekile ezifana esebenzisa asetshenziselwa iminwe ezincane nezinkulu Ungasingatha. Lapho amaphethini evulekile-umsebenzi izingxenye zokuqala ethe njo indaba emfushane, bese brazed ndawonye. Iphepha lapho isithonjana uyaphakama ngesikhathi nokunamathisela ngomthofu, okuholela kuphela umkhiqizo uhlala.

filigree Brazed kanye ogibele substrate metal.

inqubo Final kuba izinto ngesiliva plated abese ezipholisha yayo.

akunika okwakhe

Ukunikeza umkhiqizo filigree okwakhe, usebenzisa imishini ekhethekile.

Eyokuqala - ukusetshenziswa corn, amabhola amancane. Kakade soldered ku umkhiqizo osuphelile ikhefu walungisa ngokukhethekile. Ngokushesha uzakubapha obugagu neziyinkimbinkimbi.

zikhanga ngisho nakakhulu ngawo kuyosiza ekwenzeni filigree ephathekayo. Kuyini lokhu? iphethini Graphic isetshenziswa isihloko, wafafaza tin ingxubevange, ithusi, phambili, isibabule, esiliva. Khona-ke kokudubula uqhutshwa, leso sixuku zaphela amandla, iphethini ligcwele zithako.

Ayikwazi Angikhumbuli inqubo efana enamelling. Lisebenzisa mass Vitreous, okuyinto imbozwe umkhiqizo. Enamel ihlukile kakhulu. Ezithakazelisa kakhulu, mhlawumbe, ngesineke, kanjalo ngokuthi koqweqwe lwawo. izimpawu Filigree nge uyinki emibala, okuyinto awashintsheki ngokudutshulwa.

Ekugcineni, labo abafuna ukuthenga filigree real izinto, kungase kube ukuhlakanipha ngokuvamile khona ekhethekile imigexo embukisweni. Kukhona uhla ehloniphekile futhi ungathola imisebenzi yangempela ubuciko filigree.