Umdwebi German Frants Mark: Biography, lokusungula

imidwebo Expressionist babe njalo abayithandayo umxhwele futhi bamangale yobuciko. Kuvele ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kodwa safinyelela lalichumile enkulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Laba bameleli be-esivelele kunazo zonke lo mkhuba bazalelwa e-Austria naseJalimane. Frants Mark kwaba okufanayo. Sikanye nabanye abadali wazama ukuveza imidwebo yakhe, amehlo akhe abathonya ngayo labo zenzo impucuko oholele izenzakalo ekhulwini lama-20, ikakhulukazi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala.

lokuzalwa

Frants Mark wazalwa ngo-1880. Uyise wayengumGreki futhi umculi ezathonya ngqo ku Isiphelo sakhe. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi esemncane wayefuna ukuba abe umpristi, emuva lé ngawo iminyaka engu-20 nganquma ukuba banake ubuciko.

ukuqeqeshwa

Umdwebi waphila ukuphila iDemo. Ngo-1900, e-Academy of Arts kwaba ikhaya lakubo, lapho afundela khona futhi wajwayelana Impressionism futhi Post-Impressionism. Khona-ke le ndawo kwakungu uhlobo izwe art abode. Academy of Fine Arts, Munich bahlangana ngaphansi kophahla abaculi abadumile esizayo. Eceleni Franz Hackl wafundelwa futhi Dietz. Nakuba baba waziwa, namanje akazange akwenze kube ukuze uhambisane.

Umdwebi osemusha ezama ukuba ugxilise futhi ukufunda ubuciko, hhayi kuphela ezweni lakubo. Lokhu kuchaza kwakhe uhambo eParis, lapho ebemise khona kusanda bajwayelane French art ukunyakaza. Khona-ke wayengase abone indalo omkhulu Van Gogh futhi Gauguin.

Lolu hambo yesibili Paris umdwebi bathonya izindikimba ngendalo yakhe yesikhathi esizayo. Ukubuyela Munich, waqala ukutadisha ngokujulile anatomy izilwane ukuyichazela umbono wabo nemvelo imidwebo yakhe.

"Blue Rider"

"Okusha Munich Art Association" uye yabakhanga Franz emuva kokuhlangana nezikhulu Agasti Macke. Khona-ke, ngo-1910, wanquma ukuba ingxenye le nhlangano. Kwaphela isikhathi eside akakwazanga ukuhlangabezana elekhanda Vasiliem Kandinskim umphakathi. Ngemva konyaka, ekugcineni wahlangana. Ngemva 10 izinyanga ka Kandinsky abaculi, Macke futhi Franz wanquma ukwenza inhlangano yabo "Blue Rider".

Lapha bakwazi ukuhlela kwenziwe umbukiso, lapho France wasethula umsebenzi wabo. Kwabe sekuthi ngo-igalari baye baqoqa Tangauzer umhlabeleli German Expressionist imidwebo. A trio Munich abadwebi wasebenza phezu ukukhuthazwa yomphakathi wakubo.

Cubism futhi esekhulile

Esigabeni yokugcina ukuphila Franz Marc angabhekwa ukujwayelana kwakhe ne-umsebenzi Robera Delone. Futurism yakhe Italian futhi Cubism wenza isigxobo emikhulu emsebenzini ikusasa umculi German. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, Mark washintsha emsebenzini. imidwebo yakhe iveza izingxenye abstract ngaphezulu, ziklebhukile, izakhi block-level.

Ukuqala kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala ephefumulelwe Abadali eziningi yobuciko nezincwadi emsebenzini wabo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi abadali Sadumala ezenzakalweni namaqiniso impi. Frants Mark ngokuzithandela waya ngaphambili. Lapho, yena, njengabo abanye abantu abaningi yokudala, wamdumaza kanjani izenzakalo. Walimalela ukuchithwa kwegazi izithombe ezesabekayo umphumela odabukisayo. Kodwa umculi awuzange ukuze ubuyele emuva futhi uqaphele wonke imibono yakho lokudala. Eminyakeni 36, umdwebi wabulawa yinhlamvu kusukela Verdun.

Indwangu nesitayela

Life inomthelela umculi, umsebenzi wakhe kanye nesitayela. Nge France kwakukhona izinguquko agelezela imidwebo yakhe ngemibala ezintsha. German ngokwemvelo wayengumuntu onamaphupho amakhulu. Wahlupheka isintu kanye nokudabuka ngakho amagugu elahlekile ezweni lanamuhla. Ngo imidwebo yakhe, wazama ukubonisa okuthile kumnandi, okunokuthula enhle, kodwa yiso lenyama ukuthi ngendwangu ngasinye lugcwele imihelo.

Abalobi nabaculi yasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-20 wazama ukuthola futhi kabusha inkathi yokuchuma, kodwa impi iphendula konke ku inqwaba yemfucumfucu, nabantu zokudala ozama ukubopha amanxeba. Ezinkondlweni zakhe, Frants Mark wazama ukubonisa ngaphezu kwakho konke ekuqaleni zefilosofi. Nakho konke okwakubhekwa njengokubalulekile ukudwetshwa, nezinye izinto. umbala ngamunye akuniké izinhlamvu yakhe, kuncike ngamunye wanikwa inkululeko into ekhethekile. Imibala nobujamo ukuthonywa psyche womuntu, isimo sakhe futhi nokuzinyeza.

"Blue Horse"

kwadingeka njalo indlela ekhethekile ukudalwa imidwebo yakhe Frants Mark. "Blue Horse" wawuyinto ongokomfanekiso ngemisebenzi umdwebi. Le Umdwebo ithandwa kakhulu phakathi ukuphumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye nabanye, yena ukhiphe zinendlela. Omunye usibuke uletha umuntu isimo lwaya futhi shrillness.

Umdwebo okubonisa ihhashi, okuyinto ugcwele ubungqabavu. Limele kwentsha. umzimba zehhashi Uphule Umumo eziningana futhi ukuchayeka ezithakazelisayo. Ngo webele eluma efana ukukhanya okumhlophe, kanye mane futhi izinselo, kunalokho, zimbozwe okwesibhakabhaka.

Iqiniso lokuthi umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ihhashi, kubangela isithakazelo esingavamile. Kodwa kuyafaneleka, hhayi ngaphansi ezikhangayo ngemuva. Umphumela: Horse isizinda sigcwalisa futhi okunezela ngemuva ihhashi. Njengoba isisu umculi, lezi izinto ezimbili ngeke kube khona ngekwehlukana nje, kodvwa axhunyaniswa kanye ungomunye, nakuba babambisane.

Ngemva kokudalwa kuka-lokhu Franz wazama ukuchaza umbono wakhe we-Mac. Wagomela ukuthi nombala oluhlaza njengesibhakabhaka - lokhu eqinile amadoda ophuzi - umsungulo owesifazane kanye Ukwanelisa inkanuko, obomvu - udaba ukuyiveza yi odlule shades ezimbili.

"Izinyoni"

Esinye isithombe ulinake. Wabuye wabhala Frants Mark. "Izinyoni" - esinye isici umsebenzi umdwebi sika. Wawuthi ngo-1914 futhi umsebenzi wokuqala engavamile ezazivamile isitayela esisha umdwebi. Lesi yisithombe yale midwebo kwabasebakhulile likaMarku, isibe isibonisi yasendle. Umdwebi wazizwa ukuthi izilwane ngaleyondlela ekahle, okwakukhona kakhulu kunalokhu futhi msulwa kunabantu.

"Izinyoni" - lena isitayela ukuthi kwavela ngemva Robera Delone. Isithombe esifanayo, naphezu imibala yayo elikhanyayo, iqokomisa ezinye nokukhathazeka sengqondo esinenzondo. Cishe, lokhu kungenxa ukuhwebelana ngokuzumayo komunye umthunzi kwenye. Isithombe iba "prickly" futhi ezibhubhisayo.

Kubuka imidwebo, kubonakala sengathi kukhona uhlobo ukuqhuma ukuthi ekujabulisayo futhi ephazamisa izinyoni. Zindiza ngesikhathi esifanayo, sihlale sizolile. Lapho izwe qhebeza phezulu empini, umuntu oqala ukuba isikhathi, futhi othile ezama ukwamukela isimo. "Izinyoni" kwaba isibonisi ecacile zomhlaba sokulwa ukwesaba yayo nezinkathazo.