Eziphuthumayo kokwehla phezu Hudson: ingozi Januwari 15, 2009

Omunye uNdunankulu Kulindeleke kakhulu Septhemba - American ifilimu "Isimangaliso phezu Hudson", udutshulwe umqondisi uClint Eastwood. Todd Komarnicki simo okusekelwe izenzakalo zangempela 15.01.2009, lapho abashayeli bezindiza indiza New York - Charlotte (NC) uye wenza lokubikezela eziphuthumayo kwi Hudson River izinkampani emoyeni umkhumbi US Airways ngemva 308 ngemva kwemizuzwana ukusuka. Isihloko Sizokwenza omunye izindiza izigameko ezimbalwa abiza akukho izisulu ngenxa lihle izenzo nezisebenzi.

ingozi

Flight 1549 wakhumula kusukela LaGuardia Airport ephethe ukulibala. Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi namashumi abagibeli ngamashumi amahlanu zezisebenzi ezinhlanu zazilindele izimvume avuke kuze 15:24. Isibhakabhaka usule, kodwa isiphepho kulindeleke, ngakho-ke, abantu Siphuphé ukuya endaweni oya kuyo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Airbus A320 ukukhiqizwa French kwaba ukusebenza iminyaka engu-10 kuphela futhi wayaziwa njengomuntu ophansi izindiza kuhle okuthembekile, ngakho ayengenazo izimpawu sokuhlupheka. Kulabo abasebenza abanolwazi igcwaliswe ngosuku lwesine indiza, ngemva kwalokho lonke kwadingeka ukuba alandele.

Ngemva 91 amasekhondi ekhoneni lika iso lakhe co-pilot ngabona izinyoni, kulandele umuzwa wokuthi umkhumbi yema, ashayisane udonga ukhonkolo. Bobabili izinjini okulahlekile, umlilo uqale ngakwesobunxele. Okuhambisa isiginali zokucindezeleka, amatilosi aqala qhathanisa izenzo zabo nge ibalazwe nezinqubo eziphuthumayo. Iqalisa phansi injini bekungelula ngenxa kwaleli chibi, zezindiza olunikezwa imenenja sezindiza akuqinisekisi impumelelo. Eziphuthumayo lokufikela A320 phezu Hudson owayebonakala emkhulu okuwukuphela kwekhambi esimweni esinzima. Ukaputeni we-airliner kwadingeka kuphela imizuzwana ukuze kunqunywe ubuqiniso okuyinto kwakuxhomeke izimpilo zabantu ezingu-155.

iqembu

Ukudalelwa wawuthi liner kwaba ezandleni crew abanolwazi.

UCaptain Chesley Sullenberger, owazalwa ngo-1951, ngemva kwezinsukwana kwadingeka ukugubha amahlanu nesishiyagalombili lwakhe lokuzalwa. He fikisa iminyaka senkonzo yezempi nasembhalweni ngesilinganiso amahora 19663. Emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabili ka eseqophelweni eliphezulu umshayeli wanika civil aviation, wayengumuntu uchwepheshe ukuphepha kwendiza.

Ukuze sorokadevyatiletnego Dzheffri Skaylza kwaba omunye indiza yokuqala Airbus A320. Kodwa wayezimisele kahle kwakuthiwa, ngoba kuphela iziqu ukuphinda uqeqesho kule ekilasini ndiza, kokuba Imininingwane indiza amahora 15643.

A320 kokwehla phezu Hudson owayebonakala emkhulu kokubili kuphela indlela ukuze ugweme inhlekelele. Sokuqonda izingxoxo e liner abanikeze asebenza nabo sizobonisa indlela enembile base nongenanembeza nezenzo ukuthi kuzovumela Umphathi-dolobha waseNew York, Chesley Sullenberger ngokuthi "UCaptain Calm." Babegogodile futhi indiza zesifazane, ukuvimbela uvalo ebhodini. Ngamunye wabo wanikeza izindiza eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-25.

kokwehla eziphuthumayo

Lapho gumbi bashaya nephunga futhi umsindo izinjini wafa kude, ukwesaba bagajwa abagibeli. Ukuzwa isici isici ukushintsha i-microphone, ngamunye ethemba ukuthola umlayezo ukuthi ukubuya izindiza oya esikhumulweni sezindiza futhi konke kuzolunga. Kodwa induna umkhumbi umemezele ezilungele cababa kanzima. Chesley Sullenberger wethula A320 eya ohlangothini eseningizimu yomfula, nakuba indlela yena eyayihamba mpumalanga. Umshayeli yesibili kuqinisekisa yobunzima edingekayo ngesikhathi emanzini. Landing phezu iqhinga Hudson filigree ukucacisa okudingekayo, kungenjalo ukuphahlazeka kuba akunakugwenywa. ubuchopho Electronic waqhubeka esebenza. Umkhuzi nezisebenzi wakwazi ukulinganisela ngaphandle kokuthinta uGeorge Washington Bridge, futhi ngejubane ubuncane nomhlaba indiza phambi Manhattan.

Kwakubonakala sengathi liner esephuthunyiswa phansi. It is nginqume iyiphi ingxenye, abantu unyakaziswa emhlabeni gumbi, kodwa emva kwesikhashana, wasondela ebusweni njengomuntu ukhokho. Somewhere avuzayo, salon isibe ogcwele amanzi ice. Amatilosi ihlelwe kuhlengwe abagibeli. Ukuthwebula izithombe izikebhe, abantu baqala ukuthola ngokusebenzisa kweminyango eziphuthumayo ungene amaphiko. Akekho owayazi ukuthi lo ukuqhuma airliner kungenzeka, kodwa izinga lokubanda eliphansi amanzi ayivunyelwe ukubhukuda bebodwa. Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-10 kuphela kwafika wokutakula Isikebhe sokuqala, kuhlengwe izisulu, 78 babo balimala. Kodwa, okubaluleke kakhulu, bonke babeyizidumbu uyaphila.

Imbangela yale ngozi

Emlandweni ukufika kwendiza phezu Hudson wayengomunye walaba amacala nanye emanzini. Ayikho abalimala ngemali ezinhlanu. Kwakuwusuku impumelelo sesine, kodwa inkampani elahlekile imoto kuwufanele $ 75 million. Kwakudingekile ukuba kahle sihlole imbangela yengozi kanye ukuhlola imisebenzi umshayeli. ngokushesha US abantu wawenta amaqhawe esizwe, futhi Umphathi-dolobha waseNew York wamnikela induna ukhiye okungokomfanekiso ukunikele edolobheni. Kodwa ukuze uthole ukuthi iqondeni zonke izimo, kokubili yalengiswa. Dzheffri Skaylz uzongeniswa indiza ngo-Ephreli, futhi Chesley Sullenberger - ngo-Okthoba 2009. Lonke isikhathi iKhomishana kaZwelonke kukhona kokubili exinwe idumela babo bomsebenzi.

Ekuhloleni izinjini turbofan, kwatholakala ukuthi compressors hhephuna ngokuphelele. Uhlolo kwenziwe nge inyoni hit, futhi lokhu kwaba imbangela eyinhloko yale ngozi, ungalokothi kwaholela imiphumela efanayo. Found izinsalela amaprotheni izinhlayiya kuzo zombili izinjini wayivumela DNA ihlaziya. Kwatholakala ukuthi ngenxa kwaphahlazeka ingozi indiza wahlushwa goose Canadian, ogama isisindo esasiphakathi 4 futhi 4.5 kg. I ukushayisana kwenzeka yonke izinyoni ezifudukayo. Iminyaka engu-20 ngaphambi kwalesi sigameko (kokufika phezu Hudson), 210 izindiza Uthole ukubhujiswa imihlangano nge izinyoni, abantu abangu-200 bashona. Lesi sigameko waphinda ukukhunjuzwa isidingo nodaba olubalulekile.

imisebenzi iqembu Investigation

Bobabili izinjini wenkonzo ngesikhathi kwaleli chibi kakhulu - 975 metres. Akekho bengifundisa nendlela yokuthatha isinyathelo usesimweni esifana crew. Kwakungenzeka yini ukuba abashayeli ubuyele sezindiza? Lo mbuzo unesithakazelo kakhulu ikhomishana kazwelonke ukuphepha traffic. Babengenayo ukuphakama ngokwanele futhi ncamashi kwesigamu isikhathi, ingxenye yalo sasetshenziswa ekutadisheni inkinga injini ukuqalisa phansi. Ngesivinini 400 km / h kwakungenakwenzeka. Kulabo abasebenza yesibili kwakudingeka ukufunda ikhasi idokhumenti 3.5, ukuthi ngaphansi impendulo leso siyinto engenakwenzeka. Saqokomisa isidingo lula zokulawula yokusungula.

Landing phezu Hudson isibe isibonelo esivelele sezenzo ehlelekile umshayeli, ongazange ngqo emanzini oqeqeshiwe. Long saxoxa umbuzo yini noma cha uhlelo ukuqeqeshwa indiza nabasebenza zihlanganisa zokunikeza ulwazi, ngesikhathi 2013 kwakungekho Kwesinye isigameko e Bali amabhishi. Lokhu kanye nezinye izimo zibonisa ukuthi ingakanani emoyeni incike nobuchwepheshe bale nezisebenzi. Sullenberger futhi Skaylz ngaphumelela ekuhlolweni kwakhe for the score esiphezulu.

Isiphetho umkhumbi

I airframe sithethe ngaphezu amanzi 1.5 amahora. Ukuhambisa esezansi, waya ngaphansi kwamanzi, kodwa ekugcineni wakwazi ukubuyeka ukuhlanganisa uxhumano nomsebenzisi kwezinga pier. Phakathi inkinga futhi yokudonsa imisebenzi bekulimele futhi yacwila injini ngakwesokunxele, ababhukudi abangena wathola kuphela 23 January. Landing eMfuleni Hudson emzini angabangela kuye umonakalo nezakhamuzi, kodwa kwakungakaze kwenzeke. Beyond umkhumbi ukulungisa emva izifundo uyiswa North Carolina, lapho ngo-2012, embukisweni njengoba umbukiso at Museum of Aviation.