Esifanekisweni-Equestrian ka condottiere Gattamelata. Donatello, Isikhumbuzo condottiere Gattamelata

Italy izikhathi eziningi phakathi namakhulu eminyaka edlule ukukhombisa uhlamvu yawo yezempi. Imiphumela indlela abukeka ngayo manje ikhombisa izikwele eyinhloko yezwe. esifanekisweni-Equestrian ka condottiere Gattamelata - isibonelo esihle. Ekupheleni kweminyaka, awusebenzi ulahlekelwe ezakheke, futhi namuhla iyindawo elisemqoka elifanelana izivakashi ukufuna.

isifundazwe esincane kunazo zonke

WasePadua - idolobha lisendaweni Italy Veneto. Waqala khona kule XI-X Art. BC. e. Kuyinto umuzi oseceleni esisempumalanga Po ethafeni, enyakatho Evganeyskih amagquma entshonalanga Venice echwebeni. Ngokusebenzisa kwakhe, thina wabeka eziningi iziteshi.

Le ndawo ayikaze enethonya hhayi okunabileko ababusi wezwe. Dolobha lake lachuma laba isifundazwe esincane. Kodwa ingaphansi ukuhlaselwa eziningi iWestern uMbuso WaseRoma. Architecture, kakhulu, wema kusayithi kuze isikhathi esibekiwe.

Nokho kwakukhona umuntu oyedwa owayeneminyaka qakala isiphetho ukuthi leli dolobha elincane.

cat ezithophayo

Ngo-1370 yena wazalwa umbusi wesikhathi esizayo WasePadua - Erasmo ka Narni. Wakhuliswa emkhayeni wombhaki hhayi umelele umphakathi ocebile.

Kusukela ebuntwaneni, ayenakho isifiso sokuvikelwa. It is kakhulu uboniswa ukuziphatha kwakhe, kube yikwembulwa ubunjalo steel. Kakade lapho esemusha, waqaphela ukuthi kwakudingeka athathe ingxenye ezimpini ezempi. Erasmo waqala efundisa ngo Ceccoli Broglia, wabe esedlulela condottiere Italian Braccio da Montone.

Ngu 1437, wathola ukuqashelwa phakathi bendawo, abokugcina babe wakhethwa umbusi womuzi. Erasmo bani wahlala kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.

isidlaliso sakhe "Gattamelata" Erasmo ka Narni lithole sibonga kwaqashwa "olukhohlisayo 'isimo sawo. kakhulu Isidlaliso ihumusha ngokuthi "ikati uyababazeka."

Wachitha ukuphila kwakhe ngokushesha ngempela futhi wenza umnikelo obalulekile emlandweni Italy.

Mhlawumbe asikwazi ngokuthi ujenene omkhulu, kodwa ukuqaphela kwakhe ukuthi isidingo ukukhulisa impahla yezwe lenkaba yawo, Erasmo kwaholela impumelelo.

esifanekisweni-Equestrian ka condottiere Gattamelata ikhombisa elingakanani endleleni yakhe nzima ngalo lidlule Ngaziphebeza ngegama edolobheni lakhe elincane. Ngakho izimpi eziningi ngasinda futhi wahlala ukuguga nekhanda waliphakamisa.

izithombe abangophakimpi

Bobani condottieri ngempela? Kuyinto abaholi amaqembu adaliwe ukuze ivikele lo muzi ekuhlaseleni izitha. Iqembu ngalinye kwadingeka ebusayo ayo "umholi", ngubani elawulwa zonke izinqubo. Wayezokwenza abize resort ezintsha zomphakathi eselulekweni lapho okuhlaselayo, ungangena ezivumelwaneni, nokunye. D.

Ngezinye WasePadua Italy wabeka eningi ithemba. Njengoba inani labantu kanye neziphathimandla bakholelwa ukuthi abomdabu besifundazwe ngokwanele biko afeze kwekuhlela kabusha wezempi.

Abasunguli kondoterstva ezifana Erasmo ka Narni, kwadingeka arsenal yayo ingxenyenamba adventure ukuthi ngempela basiza zempi kanye nethimba inhlangano.

Kepha kwakukhona abanye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama kule mkhakha. Ojenene abazange bahlale Thembeka abangaphansi kwakhe futhi kancane imali mahhala ezinjalo umsebenzi onzima, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho zonke ukubeka ekhukhwini.

umdali Italian

umqophi Omkhulu futhi umuntu wehla emlandweni ngiqaphela omkhulu yephrojekthi, kuyinto Donatello. esifanekisweni-Equestrian ka condottiere Gattamelata yabonisa bomsebenzi wakhe kanye nekhono ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo ezahlukene amakhasimende.

Wabamba emisebenzini yakhe okungokwemvelo, wadala isithombe njalo umxhwele izici zabo "bukhoma".

Donatello kusuka ebuntwaneni seluqaliwe ku ubuciko. Ulwazi beza kuye kancane kancane. Lapho esemusha, yena waba ikakhulukazi bakhangwe izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu yamaGreki namaRoma.

Ngo 1434 wenza esifanekisweni wokuqala isiqondiso namaqiniso - isikhumbuzo of Magdalena. Kwaba isithombe isalukazi, futhi lokhu kuyinto umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Nokho Donatello babhekana nayo. Futhi sibonga wobuciko, waba abadumile ngokuthi "isazi semvelo" lokuqala e-Italy.

I perpetuation umbusi

Ngo 1443 the umqophi omkhulu wabuza abalilayo condottiere wambuza ukwakha lesikhumbuzo kuya Gattamelata. Yiqiniso, Donatello akakwazanga ukumelana waya Padua, lapho kamuva wahlala iminyaka engu-10.

Ukwakhela lesikhumbuzo ephepheni eyathatha iminyaka emibili, futhi esikhathini kusuka 1445 by 1447 kwaba uqobo waphonsa eziqoshiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sasingekho umsebenzi ezingabalulekile kangako: ukubeka isakhiwo imitha emithathu phezu isinyathelo imitha ayisishiyagalombili-. Kodwa, sibonga izibalo wokulungiselela, zonke wakwazi nokuqalisa ngempumelelo.

Kuphela kuwo wonke ayizange yaphela. Isikhumbuzo condottiere Gattamelata yafuna ngcono. Ngakho-ke Donattelo kubalwa luhlobo iminyaka emithathu ukuqedela isithombe sokuzenza omunye umbusi.

Buyekeza omuhle wobuciko

Inhloko Mkhakha we Hermitage West European Art, Sergey Olegovich Androsov, uthathwa isakhiwo esinjalo, njengoba ezibabazekayo Donatello. esifanekisweni-Equestrian ka condottiere Gattamelata wamshaya njengoba isakhiwo sabo kanye yinkimbinkimbi ngendlela engakholeki we ebaziwe enyukele esisekelweni. Ngemuva kwaleso sikhathi amakhono obuchwepheshe cishe wayengekho. Futhi ukwakha izakhiwo ezinjalo kuye kwaba nzima kakhulu. Zonke izindlela ezitholakalayo yasetshenziswa kanye inani elikhulu labantu.

Kodwa, naphezu kwazo zonke izinkinga ezinzima yenhlangano, ebaziwe kwakunokwenzeka ukusungula, ne perpendicular, ngaleyo ndlela kwakhele umphumela nenshisekelo singene ibanga.

Lesi sithombe esiyisikhumbuzo isibe imodeli for abakhi eziningi abaqhubeka ukudala amaphrojekthi efanayo. Xhuma classicism futhi naturalism ka Donatello kwaholela ibe yimpumelelo enkulu. Imisebenzi yakhe kuze kube namuhla ebukisa emanyuvesi kanye zobuciko. Amasu ayo nezindlela asetshenziswa emsebenzini wokwakha ukulondoloza isitayela Renaissance.

I lalifanekisela isithombe

Sergey Olegovich Androsov kuphawulwe sici ukudluliswa nale nkathi ukuthi izingubo isikhathi umbusi, okuyinto elachithwa isitayela hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi kakhulu yezembatho zethu. Plate abangu ehlotshiswe izibalo owawumelele ibanga elide kanye nabagibeli.

Donatello Landelayo unqume ukwenza inguquko usongene emzimbeni ukuze Erasmo mane ihhashi. Udini okwenziwe ukuze izilwane nabantu izici achitheka komunye.

esifanekisweni-Equestrian ka condottiere Gattamelata iqukethe inkolo eyayinaso ezithile kanye isinamathiselo ukuba omunye emhlabeni. Njengoba Donattelo wadala ebaziwe ngemva kokufa hero, yena ukuboniswa umnyango avaliwe isinyathelo. A komnyango ovaliwe kusho ukuthi ngemva indlela lapho emuva, akukho ukufa.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le umqophi is kakhulu mfushane Erasmo izinyawo ukugcizelela umzimba wesilisa njengoba kusho enye incwadi.

indawo lesikhumbuzo

esifanekisweni-Equestrian ka condottiere Gattamelata wathola yokuphumula endaweni yawo eduze WasePadua Cathedral olungaphambili lwesonto Basilica del Santo. Indawo okwakhethwa hhayi ithuba, ngoba ngesikhathi esisodwa wakhonza njengephayona umkhuzi Florence ngesikhathi opapa futhi wayeyithanda kakhulu inkolo.

Abaningi abaye wavakashela kule ndawo, bathi, kungcono isinyathelo lokukwazi ngenxa izimpawu zayo eziningi. Ngemva kokubukela le uhlobo izikhumbuzo izivakashi kokushiya umxhwele kakhulu kusukela ukuthola izinto ezintsha.

Kodwa namanje sincoma Ukuvakashela leli dolobha elincane futhi enhle WasePadua. Italy - izwe ngokugcwele izimfihlakalo ezingalindelekile izixazululo abaklami.