Eqinisweni nomphakathi

Igama elithi "Eqinisweni social" isetshenziswa nangamehlo. Okokuqala, ngaphansi kwakhe baqonde izinto ezenzeka emphakathini ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile futhi ezimweni zomlando ezithile. Lezi zenzakalo azizange kuzoya ngokuthi umsebenzi waphawula lolwazi yizikhonzi zabo. Ziyakwazi umgomo futhi akuncikile ukufunda nokuchaza abacwaningi yabo.

Ngomqondo obanzi, leli gama Kuyaqondakala ezenzeka esimweni esithile yomphakathi, elahlanganiswa kolwazi lwesayensi mayelana nomphakathi, ukuthola ukubonakaliswa kwayo ezincwadini, amaphepha isayensi kanye nezinye izincwadi ezilotshiwe.

amaqiniso Social kukhona ezimbili zama:

• izenzo ngqo emzimbeni zabantu;
• imikhiqizo yizenzo zabantu (nezinto ezingokomoya noma ezingokwenyama), izenzo ngamazwi yomuntu: izahlulelo, izilinganiso, imicabango yabantu, njll

Secure Eqinisweni social kungaba, ukutadisha izibalo, eqhuba survey , njll Kodwa kuphela umcwaningi izenzakalo zanamuhla izifundo usebenzisa lezi amasu. Uma kwenzeka esikhathini eside esidlule, isifundo sawo, ukuchaza nokuhlaziya ledzingekako zomlando, amathuluzi, izindawo zokuhlala, zemivubukulo, imithombo ebhalwe (chronicles, imithetho, imibhalo ehlukene, izincwadi, amaphephandaba, njll). Lezi iminonjana kungenzeka okumvusela futhi ukuchaza iqiniso elithile emphakathini.

Umphakathi Life yakhiwa izenzakalo eziningi ezahlukene. Ukukhetha yabo nokubuthelela incike ngenhloso bezingelwa cwaningo of onguchwepheshe. Economist lapho kutadishwa imibuzo yayo yonke isethi ngeke ukhethe abanye izenzakalo, ummeli - nezinye, ethnographer - iqembu ohluke ngokuphelele ngawo.

Eqinisweni Social - kuyisisekelo evumela baphethe imithetho ekukhuleni komphakathi, ukubuyisela esidlule, ukuhlola okwamanje. Incazelo yaleli izenzakalo agcinwe kule izigaba eziningana. Okokuqala, ngabo kulo, kwabekwa nesisekelo esingokwesayensi, okungukuthi, iqiniso lihlobene nanoma yimuphi umqondo yesayensi (isibonelo, kokugumbuqelwa inkosi esiboshelwe "nombhikisho wezombusazwe" umqondo). Khona-ke uphenyo zonke ezihlobene izimo ezithile Eqinisweni, ulandelela uxhumano yayo nezinye izenzakalo incazelo kungaba umgomo. ngokuhunyushwa kuphela yokuthi angabhekwa ngokwesayensi.

Durkheim babekholelwa ukuthi ga tetenhlalo letibalulekile angeke sehliselwe uthi ngabanye, bathembele kuphela amaqiniso zomphakathi inhloso, sibhekwe, yangaphandle womuntu ngamunye. Badinga kubhekwe, ngabe zikhona ngokuzimela izakhiwo kanye nekhwalithi abantu.

Ngokusho Durkheim, ngokoqobo yezenhlalakahle kuyingxenye oda jikelele, kunjengoba nje sangempela futhi esimeme, njengoba ngokwemvelo, ngakho-ke eba ngokuvumelana nemithetho yayo siqu. Umphakathi - liphinde iqiniso inhloso, okuyinto ihlukile bonke abanye zezinto eziphilayo yayo. It sinelungelo lokuzinqumela ngempilo yaso kusukela yemvelo kanye biopsychic nemvelo (ehlanganiswe abantu). Ngakho-ke, umphakathi kanye nabantu isinyathelo pair njengoba dichotomous embodying ukuhlukahluka wenzani ngalesisimo esikuso. Ngakho-ke, umuntu iyinhlangano nature ezimbili (Homo Duplex), okuyinto co-iyaqhubeka kanye nomphakathi kanye izingxenye ngabanye. I igunya kulokhu kungokwalabo okushiwo nomphakathi. Isiphetho wukuthi kukhona umuntu aphume umphakathi, hhayi okuphambene nalokho (umphakathi yakhiwa abantu).

amaqiniso Social kukhona emphakathini kudala nabo. Zakhiwa ngezindlela yokucabanga neyokwenza, uyakwazi ukuthonya ukwazi, ephoqa abantu ukuba benze izinto ngendlela ethile.

Durkheim zihlukaniswa ezimbili izinhlobo amaqiniso nomphakathi: morphological nezingokomoya. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka abe substrate impahla, lona wamuva ukumela izinkolelo, amasiko, yiwona ukwazi komphakathi.