Encephalitis emangcwabeni

I-encephalitis yama-viral ibhekisela ezinkingeni ezithathelwanayo ezenzeka ebuchosheni. Ngokuya kwe-agent causative yesifo, lesi sifo singahambisana nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene.

I-encephalitis ye-Herpetic isifo esibi se-etiology esithathelwanayo. Izilonda zesibindi zibhekene nokuthuthukiswa kwezicubu ze-necrosis futhi ziphawulwe izimpawu zendawo zesibindi kanye nezijwayelekile zezinkinga ze-CNS. I-encephalitis ye-Herpetic ingenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokutheleleka kwe-herpetic yemvelo ejwayelekile noma ithuthukise ngesilonda sobuchopho somuntu ohlukile.

Izilonda ezincane ze-cerebral zenzeka nge-intrauterine transmission (ukutheleleka). Kodwa-ke, amacala amaningi abonisa ukutheleleka kwe-fetus ngokushesha ngemva kokuqhekeka kwebhande lokubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha, kanye nangesikhathi sokuhamba kwesisu noma igciwane lesandulela ngculaza. Kulesi simo, ukutheleleka kungena esikhumbeni, izibilini zomlomo, amehlo, ukuphefumula.

Ukwelashwa kwengane ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwenziwa ngokuxhumana nabantu abanomzimba ophuthumayo we-herpes isikhumba. Ukwelashwa kwezingane ezigcwele isikhathi eside futhi eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-2 kubangela ukuphikelela kwegciwane ku-ganglia yezinzwa kaningi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-encephalitis ye-herpetic iqala ngenxa yokusebenza kwegciwane elilindile kanye nokukhuthazwa kwayo ngendlela engenazo zonke izinto ezivela ebuchosheni.

Ukuqala kwesifo kungabonwa ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza (ngamaphesenti angamashumi amathathu kuwo wonke amacala) noma ngenxa yokuvuselelwa kokutheleleka (ngamaphesenti angu-70 azo zonke izimo). Ukungena kwegciwane kwenziwa ngendlela enesifo senhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwamanye ochwepheshe, ithungatha ebuchosheni obuvela e-ganglia yezintambo ezizulazulayo, ezisezintathu, ze-glossopharyngeal nezinezintambo.

I-encephalitis ye-Herpetic ivela ezinsana ezisenyangeni lokuqala noma yesine yokuphila. I-symptomatology ye-clinical ye-lesion ixhomeke esikhathini sokutheleleka esikhathini sokubeletha.

Ukutheleleka kokubeletha esikhathini sokuqala sokukhulelwa kuphelela, njengokubusa, ukufa kwe-fetus noma ukuzalwa kwezinto ezimbi, okungahambisani nokuphila kwengane.

Ukutheleleka esikhathini sokuphela kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubangela ukuzalwa kwezinsana zangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuba khona kwe-hypoxia.

Izimpawu zomtholampilo phakathi nesikhathi sokuzalwa zibhekiswe ekubusweni kokubonakaliswa kokucindezeleka kwe-CNS, kubonakaliswa ngokungahambi kahle kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, ukuxilongwa kwemisipha, ukuphuza okunomsoco, i-hyporeflexia.

Endabeni yokuqedwa kwe-intrauterine yenqubo ephawulekayo, ukungabi khona kwe-syndrome yesimo esijwayelekile esithathelwanayo kuyisici, kanye nokujwayelekile kwamakhemikhali egazi kanye nophuzo oludakayo.

I-cerebral lesion ephilayo evezweyo enganeni ephilayo ibonakala yiziphambeko ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zobuchopho obuphakathi, i-hypoplasia kanye ne-aplasia yamagceke womqondo ngamunye, i-corpus callosum, ne-cerebellar worm. Lapho ukugcina ingane enkingeni izinyanga eziyishumi nambili kuya kwezingu-4, ukubambezeleka okukhulu ekuthuthukiseni imoto nokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kubonakala.

Encephalitis evamile

I-agent ye-causative yalesi sifo ayitholakalanga kuze kube yimanje. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwemiphumela yezifundo zemitholampilo nokuziphatha komzimba, inemvelo yemvelo.

Isigaba esibucayi se-lesion sibhekene nezinguquko ezivuthayo zokuvuvukala. Zitholakala endaweni ephuzi, esifundeni esizungeze i-nucleus ye-hypothalamus kanye nomfula wobuchopho. Isigaba esingapheli sinokukhubazeka. Indawo ye-lesion yi-nuclei ne-neurons ye-cortex.

Ukubonakaliswa okuvamile kufaka ukulala, umkhuhlane kanye ne-diplopia. Ukugungqika kuhambisana nokuqwashisa okuhlangene, kodwa isiguli singashukunyiswa uma kunesidingo. Ngemuva kokuvusa, angakwazi ukuthola ukuxhumana okwesikhashana, emva kwalokho abuye alele futhi.