EMoscow. Bolshaya Ordynka

Umlando eMoscow ngeke kube khona kungekho umlando ezitaladini ezakha zalo zesikhathi esidlule, zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo. Big Ordynka - kukhombisa isiphetho womuntu lababusi nabapristi, izimbongi futhi abadwebi, abathengisi kanye abaklami Abavukeli nezisebenzi elula kanzima, ekugcineni kunqunywa ukubukeka samanje mgwaqo. Kunjengomuntu indaba, lapho kungenzeka ukulandelela izenzakalo zomlando ezenzeka hhayi kuphela e Zamoskvorechye, kodwa futhi wonke eMoscow.

Izindawo elivela kuzo igama

Big Ordynka uvele ekhulwini XIV futhi ingenye emigwaqweni inhlokodolobha eminingi yasendulo. Kukhona izinguqulo ezimbili eyinhloko ukuvela isihloko. Eyokuqala - kanye kanye wagijima indlela esakuthwala inkokhiso eqoqwe eRussia, uKhan iGolden zidlamlilo. Eyesibili futhi, ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, inguqulo ethembekile - wahlala lapha zidlamlilo, ogama imisebenzi kwakuxhunyaniswa ukulethwa inkokhiso, ziboshelwa nge principalities Russian kuya zidlamlilo.

indaba

Ngisho eMoscow kunzima ukuthola indawo ngabe zamhambela ngokusebenzisa izenzakalo eziningi kangaka ngokomlando, njengoba kubonakala phezu nomlando wakhe omude, Bolshaya Ordynka. On kwakuthiwe ngake ngaquleka YaseCrimea Khan Giray Davlet, yena usamkhumbula Napoleon izikhathi Elinezinkinga futhi umlilo we 1812, futhi izenzakalo-mbuso ka-1917.

Izakhamuzi lokuqala okwakukhona "abantu intela" bahlangana ukuze bangaweli insimu yase Russia intela kwabase-Golden zidlamlilo, ngisho otolika - abahumushi Tatar ulimi. Ngemva imodi suburban kukhanselwe, ke baqala ukuhlala gentry, abefundisi Ngokwesilinganiso, abathengisi nezingcweti zemisebenzi yezandla. Kakhulu edolobheni laseMoscow umhlaba amanani lalilikhulu, ngakho azitholakali laba bantu, futhi ezindaweni UMfula iMoscow babe eshibhile. Ezinye izakhiwo ngaleso sikhathi namanje emi.

Ekupheleni XIX leminyaka kwakukhona izakhiwo eziningana efulethini, ukusebenza kuze kube ngo-October Revolution, futhi emgwaqweni kamuva. Big Ordynka isibe omunye izifunda lobugebengu iningi eMoscow, lapho zonke ziqoqelwe amapunk Zamoskvoretskaya.

Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, emgwaqweni ngakwazi ukubona kancane libhujiswa ngamabhomu. On-site izakhiwo phansi ngokuphelele eyakhelwe ezintsha nezindala ingamthinti.

Kufanele wathi ukuthi cishe ayikashintshi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngesikhathi khona zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ngokwayo inhlokodolobha sisonke washintsha kakhulu.

iphi

Big Ordynka Itholakala Central kwesiFunda eMoscow, osuka the Serpukhov Square Lesser UMfula iMoscow ibhuloho. Lona ngomgwaqo omkhulu Zamoskvorechie. ubude bayo incane futhi km 1.73 kuphela, kodwa kukhona inqwaba izikhumbuzo zomlando - amathempeli ezinhlanu, izigodi eziningana, izindlu eziqashisayo izakhiwo. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu mgwaqo kuphela, okuyinto wakwazi ukulondoloza yonke esakhiwe ensimini yebandla.

Catherine yethempeli Martyr

Itholakala inombolo yendlu 60/2, Bolshaya Ordynka eMoscow. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala zokhuni usuku Isonto emuva ngonyaka 1612. Umzabalazo ngalezo zinsuku wabizwa ngokuthi emazweni umhlabathi ukuthi eyayingaphandle komuzi, ngakho Catherine ethempelini wafakaza impi Dmitriya Pozharskogo futhi Hetman Chodkiewicz. Ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi impi esemqoka zenzeka lapha Isikhathi Nezinkinga, okuyinto kwakuyisiqalo yokukhululwa Russia kubahlaseli Polish.

isonto esekhona isitayela Baroque lakhiwa 1766-1775 ngaphansi project K. elingenalutho. Wakha umsebenzi omusha eduze ubudala isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi futhi wahlanganisa kubo.

Ithempeli Catherine ngasinda hhayi kuphela zikhathi ezinzima, kodwa futhi ayehlasela uNapoleon, kodwa uma uhulumeni wamaSoviet savalwa futhi umbhoshongo insimbi acekela. Okwesikhathi esithile egumbini lakhe lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela workshop.

Manje Catherine ethempelini is run by iSonto Lobu-Orthodox e-America. Lapha ezibekwe eduze izithonjana abangcwele American no isiRashiya, futhi le sevisi ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwe nge-English.

Ethempelini uNina kaNkulunkulu "Intokozo Yabantu Bonke Ubani Nosizi"

Stone ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo eminyakeni 1683-85 kusayithi lapho ake wama ibandla St Varlaam Khutyn. Ngu-1791, anezele eziningana enziwa, kuhlanganise ezintathu-tiered isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, eyenziwe wezakhiwo V Bazhenov isitayela classic. Ngo-1836, i- umklami Beauvais oi esanda kabusha ithempeli, kodwa isitayela Empire. Kamuva, lapho kuqubuka umlilo 1812 kwathiwa ezilimele, bese kabili ngaphezulu olusha - e 1814 kanye 1904.

Ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet - ngo-1933 - esontweni yavalwa, futhi zonke izinsimbi isusiwe. Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe endlini yakhe igcinwe angamarizevu Tretyakov Igalari. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-40-yalolucwaningo we Ithempeli laphinde lavulwa ngenjongo yokukhulekela. Manje uma usebenza enkabeni olungokomoya nokuthi bayafundisa ngokuthi "Ascension".

Okwamanje, Bolshaya Ordynka hhayi kabusha. Sanquma ukuthi ayibuyisele, ukugcina umlando omude ku ingxenye agodliwe eMoscow. Ngokuya ngalolu hlelo, ngemva kokubuyiselwa esivikelekile ikota mlando zangenkathi yangaphambi Petrine izokwakhiwa lapha - uhlobo Museum, ise evulekile.