Ellis Island (US)

Impendulo yombuzo yalapho Ellis Island uyazi kwanoma iyiphi American. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba, ngokusho izibalo, cishe njalo umhlali-United States inenani e lozalo lomuntu masinyane waya ezweni ngalo. Ngenxa indawo Museum of the isiqephu sezwe emnyango wabavela kwamanye amazwe badume umhlaba wonke.

igama

Ellis Island itholakala phakathi koMfula Hudson emzini New York. Eduze iCape ngizimu yeManhattan. Phakathi neMpi, kule ndawo ezweni olwathengwa Samuweli Ellis, abavule i yokucima ukoma abadobi bendawo sika Civil. Kwaba igama lakhe futhi wetha lesi siqhingi ngokuthi.

inqaba lempi

ENew York ngo-1808, wathenga isiqephu sezwe evela kumnikazi wezindlalifa ke ngokushesha wasithengisela Federal Government for abayizinkulungwane 10 zamaRandi. Ngemva kwalokho, i-Ellis Island (USA) is okungcono esetshenziswa njengoba inqaba futhi arsenal, okuyinto lapha zazakhiwa emabhalekisini. Lokhu ngendima odlale phezu engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, naso sonke lesi sikhathi ukuthi anikaze nakanye esetshenziswa avikele umuzi.

Bastion abavela kwamanye amazwe

Kusukela 1814 kule ndawo usunificile igagasi lokuqala omkhulu kwabokufika. Aziyeki ububha noma izimo ezinzima uwela ulwandle. Abantu ufuna nje impilo engcono. Unyaka nonyaka isibalo zabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe liye kokukhulumela phezulu, ngenxa okuyinto e 1892 isinqumo sithathwe yi iziphathimandla kuvulwa isikhungo wezifiki. Injongo eyinhloko yawo izisebenzi zayo kwaba ukubhalisa abantu abeza kwakumelwe bahlangabezane eziningi nezidingo ezihlobene impilo, isimo sezimali kanye ukutholakala komsebenzi nakho. Lesi sakhiwo yasekuqaleni lashisa ngo-1897. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, abaklami wendawo eyakhelwe isikhungo esikhulu nge esibhedlela, igumbi lokudlela nelondolo. Lokhu kwaba lula ngokwandisa indawo isiqhingi sisuka amahektha 12 kuya 14.8. Leli qiniso kungenxa yokuthi lapho kwakhiwa le ongaphansi komhlaba eNew York, lapha akhishelwe khona emhlabeni ngemba.

Bhalisa abavela kwamanye amazwe

Zonke izifiki efika e-Ellis Island, elinde isinqumo esiwujuqu mayelana ikusasa labo esizayo ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Abaningi babo bafa, futhi ngaphandle kokulinda imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba egumbini stuffy ngesikhathi esifanayo kungaba izinkulungwane eziningana zabantu owadlula isheke wezokwelapha. Ngokwezibalo, oyedwa kwabahlanu wabo wavuma Moron, futhi abaningi basala ayifakiwe njengoba abathwali ezingaba isifo sofuba.

ingqikithi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-nambili ziye lwahlolwa ukuze yonke le minyaka isikhungo wezifiki. Ngokwezibalo, e-Ellis Island kosuku ngalunye wafinyelela isilinganiso ayizinkulungwane 5 abokufika. Ukuze abantu abaningi abavela kwamanye kusukela ngaleso sikhathi-ke waqala ukuhlehlisa phestri. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ezingaphezu kuka 3.5 ayizinkulungwane abantu (cishe uhhafu wabo - izingane) ushonele esibhedlela sendawo, futhi akazange abe US izakhamuzi.

Museum

Ellis Island Immigration Museum sivulwe ku 9 Septhemba 1990. Kuleyo ncwadi iziphathimandla zendawo ukulondoloza umlando omunye enkulu womuntu kufuduka nezikhathi. He is eyingqopha kuphela kuleli elula komhlaba. Nokho, abantu abaningi baseMelika zibheka lokhu njengokubonisa engcwele izivakashi indawo, ngakho kukhona njalo eziningi izivakashi. Bonke labo abafisa nethuba ukubheka izinto ezingaphezu kuka anamabini amawaka, kufaka phakathi izithombe esiyingqayizivele, izingodo womkhumbi nohlu lwabantu, ekulobeni izinkumbulo bokuzibonela nabanye. Abaningi baseMelika beza lapha bezofuna iminonjana wawoyise. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona setshe itshe lapho ukuze nezingcwecwe zethusi zokunyathelisa amagama camera efika e-Ellis Island ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene abantu. Lezi amalebula Ulapha, zikhona 470.

Umqondo oyinhloko, owawuyoletha iziphathimandla zendawo kubo bonke abavakashi, kokuvula Museum wukuthi noma yimuphi umuntu kunzima futhi omningi bebodwa athole impumelelo enkulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso, ngoba lesi siqhingi, eqinisweni, kwaba ukuqala ufanekisela ukugcwaliseka iphupho American izifiki eziningi.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ngokusho kwenye legend zendawo, amagama abantu abaningi abavela kwamanye European owafika ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene e-Ellis Island aye ancipha, asesonte noma ngokungafanele eqoshiwe abasebenzi wezifiki isikhungo. Kule ndaba, ngoba abanye abantu baseMelika ngezinye izikhathi kuba nzima kakhulu ukuthola uhlu lokhokho bakhe.

Nokho, ngokwendawo, lesi siqhingi eduze isimo New Jersey, ngeka-New York. Ngemva ukwanda yokufakelwa endaweni Ellis, amandla US izifunda lokuqala okukhulunywe zokuphatha bazifunela ensimini. Supreme Court kwecala on Iqiniso lodaba, kwanqunywa ukuthi indawo kumele kube ngesikhathi esifanayo engaphansi kwe amabili uthi. It uba ezinsukwini zethu.

Abantu abaningi ngephutha ukudida indawo eMfuleni Hudson ngenxa ezinamagama afanayo nabanye amaphasela komhlaba, okuyinto athwale amagama uGilbert Ellice. Lezi ziqhingi Uyi British ephethwe futhi ise entshonalanga ePacific Ocean. endaweni yabo Imininingwane kuyinto 956 amakhilomitha square. Zakhiwa iziqhingi 37 ezinkulu kanye ezingamaqoqo. Bendzawo ayeqi uwuphawu lwabantu ayizinkulungwane 56. At inhliziyo umnotho wendawo kusekelwe yezimayini phosphite, kanye ukutshala kakhukhunathi izintende nokukhiqizwa kwezincwadi copra. Akukho ukwenza US Ellis Island kabalalo.

Ukuthuthela Kwelinye Izwe Museum ingenye izindawo ethandwa kakhulu phakathi izivakashi eza eNew York. Vakashela ke silula. Izikebhe, yokugibela okuyinto dollar angu-17, wathumela esiqondisweni sakhe njalo ngemva kwemizuzu engu-20. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nohambo, abahambi ungabona eduze le Statue of Liberty.