Ubunikazi ngokuhlanganyela - umqondo kanye nezizathu nesenzakalo

Ngokusho sihloko 209 Code Civil, ilungelo ubunikazi - ilungelo ubunikazi, sebenzisa futhi nokuchithwa kwezimpahla zawo. Umthetho uvumela umnikazi ukwenza impahla yakhe noma yiziphi izenzo, kuhlanganise kuhlukaniswa yakhe. Nokho, lezi zenzo akufanele kube emthethweni, kumele ukuzokhinyabeza soMthethosisekelo kanye neminye imithetho amalungelo ezakhamizi kanye nezinye izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kanye nabantu.

Ilungelo kobunikazi ezivamile impahla kwenzeka uma impahla is owned ngesikhathi esifanayo abantu ababili noma ngaphezulu. Kaningi, abantu nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho ukuthola isakhiwo ngokuhlanganyela, kuyazuzisa ngokwezimali, noma umphumela confluence izimo. Ngenxa yalokho, inkinga kuphuthuma ngokwengeziwe, futhi sivumele isishaya-mthetho izimisele kuye ezihlokweni eziningi we Code Civil.

Njengoba kusobala emthethweni, impahla ezivamile zinganikezwa, kanye ngokuhlanganyela.

Abelana ubunikazi kuphakama lapho isabelo impahla ilungu ngalinye kuchazwa isivumelwano phakathi kwabo noma senkantolo. ubunikazi ngokuhlanganyela avele nakwezinye izimo.

I Civil Code of the Russian Federation ngokuhlanganyela ephethwe impahla yiSigaba 253. Lithi abantu abangabanikazi isakhiwo ubunikazi ngokuhlanganyela, ukuphatha, kanye siqu futhi usebenzise lesi impahla ndawonye. Amanye amagama sengqondo, ifa kanye nokusebenzisa impahla Kungacaciswa isivumelwano phakathi kwabo. Isihloko waveza nokuthi ngisho noma idili ukuba uchithe impahla senziwa eyodwa kuphela wabanikazi impahla, le ntengo isazoba kuzomele uthole imvume ukuthengiselana okunjalo kuzo zonke ezinye abahlanganyeli e impahla ngokuhlanganyela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abahlanganyeli lelungelo elilinganayo bachithe, uphathe futhi basebenzise ingcebo yabo ekhona. Kodwa umthetho uvumela abanye abahlanganyeli kobunikazi ilunga adinga ukuqashelwa of a ezifana kuthengiselana njengokuthi engavumelekile, uma ukufakazela ukuthi iqembu aphinga kuthengiselana ayengenalo amandla adingekile, futhi umuntu okukuye umhlanganyeli wenze okwenzayo, wayazi noma okungenani kwakufanele ngabe ziyabona lokhu .

Ngokuvamile ubunikazi ahlangene impahla kuphakama owakwakhe. Uma ingekho inkontileka umshado sangena phakathi abashadayo ke zonke izinto, izinto nempahla ukuthi indoda nomkayo bakwazi ukuthola ngesikhathi umshado kuzoxoxwa njengoba impahla yabo ngokuhlanganyela. impahla okunjalo kungaba ezihlukahlukene izinto engabizi, ezifana itiye lishona, futhi izinto ligugu (zikagesi, ifenisha, izimoto). Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi impahla ahlangene abashadayo uzobe labawatfolile esifundvweni nobe isimo impahla real, ngisho noma yathengwa imali womshado oyedwa kuphela, ezifana indoda nomfazi ayisebenzi ngalesi sikhathi.

Ubude impahla ngokuhlanganyela ka owakwakhe ephakama kunjalo uma izimpahla ngaphambilini okungewakho eyodwa kuphela kwezintathu yalowo abashadayo iye yathuthuka kakhulu isimo ngenxa ukutshalwa impahla, isibonelo, ukukhanda efulethini. Lokhu akuhlanganisi, imali ngokuhlanganyela bayithuthukisa ezinjalo, noma oshade naye wafaka ngcono sinjalo imali ngoba oshadile zonke izimali neyaziwayo ezivamile ngaphandle wathola isipho noma ifa.

mhlaba impahla ahlangene isinqumo senkantolo kuzobhekwa ngoba abantu abashade nabo, ngaphandle uma inkontileka umshado kuso abashadayo phambi isinqumo senkantolo kuyoba ukuze bayothola ukwelashwa ezahlukene impahla efanayo.

Khumbula ukuthi ilungelo ubunikazi kwenzeka kuphela omunye abashadayo ezintweni, izinto, ezinye impahla elandelayo nezinqe ezingagudluki:

- ukuthi wayebathulisile ephethwe ngaphambi komshado. Uma lokhu nezimpahla ezithathekayo, kuyatuseka ukuba ku amasheke yakhe namarisidi eqinisekisa usuku yokufuna;

- okungokwayo, okuyinto eyatholakala e umshado njengesipho noma ifa. izipho ezinjalo, kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhipha wokulungisa izivumelwano, noma, uma kwenzeka impikiswano mayelana ubunikazi balezi zinto, inkantolo kuyoba nzima ukufakazela ukuthi ngempela banikezwe kuphela indoda noma inkosikazi kuphela;

- impahla ofakelwe ukusetshenziswa siqu, ezifana isixubho. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhishelwa mthetho kuyoba ubucwebe kanye okunethezeka izimpahla;

- futhi yinto yokugcina kumele kucatshangwe impahla womshado oyedwa kuphela - ilungelo umphumela umsebenzi bokusungula.

Joint share ubunikazi phakathi kwabashadile kwenzeka uma impahla kwesigaba indoda nomkayo uthenge emshadweni. Impahla ihlukaniswe ukwabelana, okuyinto ezimweni eziningi bayalingana. Nokho, inkantolo ingase futhi aqaphele umngane womshado we share enkulu yendawo ehlanganyelwe, kuneyesibili, uma ibheka ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba acabangele timfuno izingane ezivame ngaphansi iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili ubudala, washiya ukuphila nomkakhe kuqala. INkantolo, ekwehlukanisweni kwetindzima ukwabelana, kungenzeka acabangele izithakazelo omunye abashadayo. Futhi, kungenzeka share ihlukaniswe Ukuboshelwa, esekelwe nemibandela yesivumelwano umshado.

Akukhona nje phakathi kwendoda nomkayo, naphakathi abanye abahlanganyeli emalungeni ubunikazi division okungenzeka impahla kanye namasheya labelwe ngayinye ababambiqhaza, noma kumane nje kuyingxenye wabo. Wabelana division kuzolingana, kodwa ehlukene esigabeni oda ukwabelana kungase kuhlinzekwe umthetho noma isivumelwano waphetha phakathi kwezinhlangano.