ECHO ikhanda: lapho ukwenza lokho show? kanjani ikhanda ECHO sika?

Abaningi iziguli zakhe wezinzwa uqoka ECHO eliyifa ikhanda. Kusobala njengoba echoencephalography futhi imele inqubo non-koda lapho ubuchopho wafunda futhi inqunywa nozwela abafanekiselwa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ukuze ultrasound. Iziguli eziningi buza: "Uma udokotela itusa ukuba ikhanda ECHO kubonisa ukuthi lo inhlolovo?". Ngale ndlela, kwembula isifo ubuchopho kungaba ezisongela ukuphila: nokopha, izimila, abscesses, ukuhlukumezeka. Ake sihlole kabanzi inqubo.

Kuyini echoencephalography?

ikhanda ECHO sika indlela ephephile futhi ngempela ulwazi locwaningo ubuchopho usebenzisa ultrasound ngo kokubili abadala kanye nezingane. amagagasi anjalo kokuba imvamisa 0.5-15 MG c / s, kudlule kalula ngokusebenzisa izicubu ezihlukahlukene zomzimba futhi ziyabonakala off kwanoma iyiphi evele okuyizinto eduzane izindwangu nge izingoma ezahlukene (the medulla, ithambo Yekhanda, igazi, cerebrospinal fluid, izicubu ezithambile ikhanda).

Ngenxa isifundo esinjalo evele sibonakalisa kungaba ngempela zemfundo futhi egqoke sokugembula (nemihuzuko ehlukahlukene abscesses, imizimba angaphandle, amasayithi angawethusi, izinhlumba). Nge echoencephalography wahlola njengoba ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo isiguli kanye ihlolwe permeability imithambo palsy. Le nqubo kulula ukuthola ukwephula ukugeleza kwegazi, okungaholela izifo okwalandela sina.

Kwezinye izimo, linqume echoencephalography omdala?

inqubo enjalo abadala inikezwa ukuthola izinhlangano ku pathologies ezilandelayo:

• ukuvuvukala;
• abscesses;
• ikhanda ukuhlukumezeka;
• hematoma intracranial;
• iphimbo;
• ukuphathwa ikhanda;
• isiyezi;
• nomfutho wegazi ophezulu intracranial;
• Ezinye izifo okuyizinto umlingiswa palsy.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-kuhlolwa ukunkenketha kwekhanda kuboniswa ukuze kuhlonzwe ezinye izifo ezithile. Ziyakwazi:

• intamo ukulimala;
• VVD;
• ukwephulwa wegazi ukugeleza;
• esingamahlalakhona vertebrobasilar;
• ischemia cerebral ;
• nemivimbo ukuxukuzeka ;
• tinnitus;
• encephalopathy;
• unhlangothi.

Kwezinye izimo, linqume echoencephalography izingane?

Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kuka-iminyaka 1.5, fontanelle abuzange yene, ngakho ngosizo le nqubo kungaba ngokugcwele nokuhlola konke ukuphithizela izindawo zobuchopho.

ikhanda ECHO womntwana ezinqunyiwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• ukuhlola degree of iphimbo;
• uma ubuthongo kakhulu okhathazekile;
• ukuhlola ukusebenza yokwelapha izifo zezinzwa;
• Uma tics pestered;
• ngesikhathi ukubambezeleka ngokomzimba;
• uma imisipha hypertonus abaziwayo;
• yamalimi futhi enuresis;
• esimweni ukulimala ekhanda.

Ukulungiselela echoencephalography

Ukuze wenze ikhanda Echo e-abadala nezingane, ukuqaliswa kwanoma yikuphi ukuqeqeshwa ayidingekile. Ungathatha ukudla noma uketshezi. Ukwenza inqubo enjalo kungenzeka ngasiphi yobudala futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi ngenkathi ibele. Kuphela uma kukhona enenxeba elivulekile ekhanda lakhe ezindaweni lapho inzwa uzobe ozibekile, kungcono ukusebenzisa uhlobo ezahlukene cwaningo - computer noma fMRI.

Uma le echoencephalography ubuchopho ukuchitha ingane encane, ukusiza kufanele eze abazali bakhe, ubani okufanele ugcine ekhanda lakhe kwelinye isikhundla isikhathi esithile.

Nakuba le ndlela nakanjani kobuhlungu, kodwa phakathi naleyo nqubo kudinga isikhathi esiningi ukushintsha indiza scan, futhi inhloko lokhu akufanele ukuhambisa. Sedation futhi izinzwa phakathi naleyo nqubo azidingeki.

kanjani ucwaningo?

kanjani ikhanda ECHO sika? Ukuze wenze lokhu, isiguli kufanele babe sesimweni lisalele, kodwa kwezinye izimo, ukwenza inqubo kanye bawente. Qala ucwaningo ohlangothini lwesokudla bese ohlangothini lwesobunxele kuye oyinhloko, esiphongweni ukuze esifundeni occipital. Le ndlela ucwaningo livame ukusetshenziswa njengoba ukuhlola eziphuthumayo, ngakho usayizi idivayisi encane, okulula ukuyiphatha.

echoencephalography D engenziwa ehhovisi kwalo dokotela, emotweni, "usizo lokuqala", lapho efakaza emgwaqweni wabe ekhaya, uma iyunithi ifakwe ibhethri. Isifundo ihlala imizuzu 10-15 futhi wenziwa izindlela ezimbili.

Imodi lokuqala - ukudluliswa. Nale ndlela zisebenzisa Uphenyo ezimbili ultrasound ogibele eyodwa oluvala amasondo kanyekanye kusukela ezimbili ezinhlangothini ikhanda. Omunye uphenyo kulesi simo kutshela kanye nezinye uthola. ibalwa Ngakho, "emgqeni phakathi ikhanda." Ngokuvamile kukhona nje kwaqondana yayo nge umugca lohlukanisa emkhatsini ezicacile zomzimba, kodwa lobu buhlobo ubalekela lapho ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile, kanye esimweni ekuqongeleleni igazi ingaphakathi cranial noma ngaphansi periosteum.

Eyesibili Imodi - ekushayweni. Kulokhu, ngokusebenzisa inzwa eyodwa kuphela, aboshelwe amaphuzu anjalo lapho ultrasound kulula ukuba kudlule amathambo skull. Le yunithi kancane sigudluke, ukuthi isithombe ngaphezulu ulwazi.

echoencephalography mgudumbili ezihlelwa ukunyakaza kancane kancane ekhanda inzwa. Kulokhu qapha ubonisa ovundlile ubuchopho locezu isithombe etholakale lapho ezihambayo leli thuluzi. Ngokuphathelene foci elincane isifo ezifana ucwaningo akusilo olunembile ngokwanele. Kulokhu kungcono ukuba afeze-magnetic resonance imaging.

kulungiswa imiphumela

Imiphumela senanele ikhanda futhi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala ziphathwa ngokulinganayo. -United States wokufunda sonologa ukuqoshwa onguchwepheshe, kufanele wazi eminye imibuzo theory.

Ngakho, ngokuvamile echoencephalography siqukethe amasignali ezintathu, noma "Ukuvutha", okuthiwa izakhiwo.

eziyinkimbinkimbi Basic - ke iyisiginali, elise esiseduzane inzwa. Ukwakheka kwabo Kwenziwa ultrasound, lokubonakala kusukela skull amathambo, isikhumba ngamafutha ongama futhi izakhiwo olukha phezulu ubuchopho.

Median eziyinkimbinkimbi (M-echo) - isiginali okubangelwa "ukushayisana" nge ezifana izakhiwo ubuchopho ultrasound ephakathi nendawo phakathi ama-.

Isakhiwo sokugcina - isiginali ezicutshini zomzimba ezithambile ikhanda, ikhanda, Dura kusukela esesayidini inzwa.

Echoencephalography kuyinto elibona nxazonke amasignali ezintathu eziyinhloko ku qapha noma ukuthi iphepha selivela igrafu ne abscissa futhi ahlelembise axis.

ikhanda sokuqonda ECHO uqala ukuhlolwa kwe-izinkomba ezilandelayo:

• M-echo. isiginali okunjalo kuvame ukuthatha phakathi amasede amabili isikhundla maphakathi. Ingabe kuvunyelwe uma kugudlukela ngu 12 mm. Ukucwaninga okuningi kwesayensi luye lwabonisa ukuthi uma kukhona izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwemizwa, displacement engaphezu kuka 0.6 mm kufanele waziswe, futhi umuntu kumelwe ibhekane ukusihlola.
• Isignali kusukela ventricle lwesithathu akufanele uhlukanise noma enwetshiwe, njengoba kulokhu likhombisa waqinisa intracranial.
• Okusizwa ukushaya M-echo kufanele sibe ububanzi ayi-10-30%. Uma luyanda 50-70%, libonisa syndrome nomfutho wegazi ophezulu-hydrocephalic.
• Phakathi M-echo kanye eziyinkimbinkimbi kokuqala, ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi signal M-echo kanye ekupheleni - ngakolunye, kumele babe inani elifanayo amasignali ezincane.
• Inkomba Srednesellyarny (CI) e abadala kufanele kube 3.9-4.1 nokuningi. Uma uzokwehla ngaphansana 3.8, kubonisa ukuba khona waqinisa intracranial.

nezinye izinkomba

Ngaphezu kwalokho, echoencephalography siqukethe lokhu okulandelayo:

• wesithathu ventricle Inkomba - 22-24. Ngaphansi kuka 22 kuwuphawu iphimbo.
• udonga medial we Inkomba 4-5. Uma Inkomba mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 5, lokhu kubonisa ingcindezi eyengeziwe esikhaleni supratentorial.
• Uma M-echo kugudlukela ngu 5 mm noma ngaphezulu emtholampilo sohlangothi ezinsukwini zakuqala, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi oluhambisana ngokwemvelo. Uma dislocation ayixhunyiwe ku-intanethi noma ingeqi 2.5 mm, bese i-stroke ischemic.
• Nge elikhulu offset M-echo emva Yiqiniso isikhathi eside lesi sifo, uma azikho izimpawu ukuvuvukala, ngokuvamile Kutholwe lwesimila. Fever, ukudakwa, kulandzelana kwetindzima okungazelelwe lesi sifo futhi shift enkulu M-echo abonisa ubuchopho ithumba.

Njengoba lolu cwaningo kuyiphutha, ukuhumusha imiphumela kufanele nibe wezinzwa onguchwepheshe. Ukwelashwa ezinqunyiwe kuphela uma udokotela qhathanisa isithombe echo lomuntu izimpawu.

Izici echoencephalography

Noma yimuphi cwaningo yezokwelapha amathuluzi ezahlukene kanye nencazelo imiphumela luncike isici womuntu. Uchwepheshe ngamunye abaqeqeshiwe unelwazi abanye, sibonga ngalo can ngendlela yalo ukuze nahlulele yedatha etholakele, futhi kukhona izikhathi ukuthi umbono ultrasound udokotela asishayisani nge ngokubona wezinzwa. Ngakho-ke, umuntu ngemva echoencephalography kumelwe uhlole abanamakhono futhi ngesisekelo wokuhlola, kanye imiphumela ukwelashwa ubuchopho ultrasound lenikiwe.

ECHO ikhanda: lapho ukuyenza?

Kube nezindlela eziningi kangaka, lapho ungakwazi kudlule ukuhlolwa nobuchopho. Kahle kahle, kufanele uqale kuvunyelwane esikhundleni inqubo kanye odokotela - isazi sezinzwa sase-beya emihlanganweni futhi onguchwepheshe ngubani siyofeza ukuhlola. Kwezinye izimo, echoencephalography kunesithembiso ngqo udokotela wezinzwa ekwelapheni, kungani iya kuphi akudingekile, kusukela konke endaweni eyodwa.

isiphetho

Ngakho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi ikhanda ECHO. Echoencephalography kwenziwe ukuthola izimo ezihlukahlukene sokugembula zobuchopho. Le nqubo ingasetshenziswa kokubili abadala kanye nezingane, kanye iphephile ngempela futhi ulwazi. Ngenxa yalolu cwaningo kukhona ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe futhi kwasendaweni kunqunywa amabhizinisi amaningi sokugembula. Inqubo ngokwaso ayibizi, ngaphezu kwalokho, wachitha kancane isikhathi.