Diaphragm ukuqina Uhlaka izakhiwo: injongo, umklamo, obandayo futhi ukufakwa

Lapho abantu abaningi uzwa igama elithi "Uhlaka indlu", zingabantu ukwakhiwa lokhuni. Nokho, kukhona izakhiwo ezakhiwa kubuchwepheshe Uhlaka-Monolithic, okuyizinto ngesisekelo ukhonkolo. Isetshenziswa uma usebenza iphrofayela metal may noma izakhiwo zikakhonkolo. Uzimele Unamekwe usimende kuyizinhlayiyana amabhodi, futhi izindonga zingasuswa eyenziwe block noma isitini. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zakhiwo zihlanganisa nesidingo sokuba setha rigidity beso kokwakhiwa iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo ngezansi.

aphoyintimenti

Phakathi izinsika mpo odongeni panel efakwe lonke ukuphakama izakhiwo uzimele. Esikhathini esidlule phezulu eshalofini kungenzeka khona ukufakwa slabs phansi.

Lezi zici ezihlobene nomunye futhi nomunye, umbhoshongo ibha, kuyilapho zinikeza rigidity kwezendawo sonke isakhiwo. Kufanele kube izakhiwo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ukuze empambana iphutha futhi bakha sibalo T emise noma L-okwenyanga. okunamathiselwe yabo iqhutshwa elinamakholomu ukuphakama amaphuzu okungenani ezintathu. Lokhu isebenzisa Welding ifaka. Diaphragm ukuqina avame efakwe strip izisekelo, kwezinye izimo, lezisekelo kukhona setshe Monolithic.

design

Diaphragm, ezisetshenziswa ukwandisa rigidity angase abe uhlobo oluhlukile ukwakhiwa, phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• dvuhpolochnye;
• Single-;
• okuqinile;
• ne emasangweni;
• ingxenye;
• ngeziteshi ukupholisa.

Kulo mBhalo sikhuluma diaphragm, okuyizinto ukupholisa amayunithi. Iphaneli lezi diaphragms zenziwa grade ukhonkolo M-300, likhuluma izitezi ezaziphase isakhiwo, kuyilapho yakamuva isixazululo esebenzayo grade M-200.

Diaphragm ukuqina ingenziwa izinkathi ezahlukene zonyaka. Uma umsebenzi wenziwa ehlobo, lo amandla ngokhonkolo kuyakuba-70% iphrojekthi, ngesikhathi the nobusika, lesi sibalo kufanele sifinyelele 100%. Ukuqinisa i-kwagcizelela ukhonkolo panel prefabricated eyenziwe Racks engenhla nengezansi, futhi iyunithi yokugcizelela eye lakhulisiwe ngosayizi. Uma ifreyimu ingeqi ukuphakama 3 m, futhi idizayini beso ayinakho iminyango kanye nezinye ukuvuleka, yezinyoni kungenziwa lula.

Yini enye okudingeka ukwazi ngezici design

Diaphragm ukuqina lingabhalwa kuvuleka ukuze ukuqinisa azungezwe. Kufanele ikhumbule emakamu ukucindezeleka emagumbini. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kuleli qoqo likhuluma pylon ukuqina. Kubalulekile ukuba afeze izibalo wathola geometry futhi uhlole ukuthi ezanele amandla izici. Ukuhlaziywa kumele owabeka ukuqhubekisela phambili futhi esebenza imizamo imiklamo. Kungakhathaliseki umklamo diaphragm babengenalo rigidity, ziklanyelwe ngoba kokucindezelwa emaphakathi namabutho phuca kwemithamo evundla mpo. Uma kukhona ukuvuleka, kumele izakhi kuhlolelwe imiphumela kuhlanganiswe yokucindezeleka engxenyeni engenhla odongeni.

Izici obandayo diaphragms eqinisa

Monolithic diaphragm ukuqina kufanele kube span phakathi amakholomu kanye uxhumano kwabo komunye nomunye esebenzisa izikhonkwane Monolithic, it is ogibele phezulu diaphragm. Lesi sakamuva kumele ukunweba phezu kwawo wonke ukuphakama ezaziphase isakhiwo, futhi kwezinye izimo kungenzeka ukuthi amalunga ayifakiwe ezingeni lobuchwepheshe.

Esitezi kufanele esekelwe isisekelo isihlenga isisekelo ngosizo izingxenye esishunyekiwe. Ukuze kube nesiqiniseko sokuthi kunokuthula ezaziphase isakhiwo, diaphragm aboshelwe zombili izinkomba. Kuqondile kufanele ibekwe ngokulinganayo ecebeni, basuke kuhlangene ezicijile ikheshi yesifunda. Diaphragm ukuqina Uhlaka izakhiwo kumele ukufakwa isamba okushisa okungenani ezintathu one block. Jiyomethri izimbazo lezi zinto akufanele aphambane, maphakathi gravity kufanele kuhambisane maphakathi yesisindo eksisi ukwakhiwa.

Ukuze andise rigidity kwezendawo isakhiwo, okuyinto liye landa inani storeys, kubalulekile kuveza amagadango ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana ukusebenza nge diaphragm uzimele. Lokhu kungafezwa yidivayisi uxhumano ukhiye phakathi ikholomu kanye diaphragm.

ukufakwa Izincomo

Ukuze odongeni Ubuningi bamahora eqinile, diaphragm ukuqina kumele khona isakhiwo. Uma sikhuluma uchungechunge AI-04, ezisemagumbini eliphezulu imikhiqizo enjalo kudingeka ukulungiswa, okuzokwenza kamuva ibekwe console amakholomu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekhoneni diaphragm, zikhona izingqinamba rod steel. Ukuze ulungise diaphragm osebenza kulolu chungechunge ivaliwe wesifunda Uhlaka eyenziwe izinduku zensimbi, ububanzi yokugcina ziyahlukahluka kusuka 12 kuya 28 mm. Amabha njalo ashiselwe, eqinisekisa amandla ezengeziwe kwesakhiwo.

Uchungechunge diaphragm ukuqina kungase kubonakale 1.020-1, kulesi simo, iseli akuyona engela Undercut. ezakhiwe ezinjalo luqiniswe ekhethekile ozimele mpo kanye nesakhiwo esinqunyiwe ipherimitha steel anezikhala, ubukhulu bayo izinduku ziyahlukahluka kusuka 5 kuya 12 mm, kanti amaseli abe usayizi 200 mm. Diaphragm yochungechunge asethwe parallel ibhawudo, bese esikhundleni izakhi isakhiwo idatha.

isiphetho

Labo diaphragm, okuyinto zitholakala kuhambisana girders, ukungabi aduduze ezengeziwe. kukhona izindawo lapho ozimele kwesakhiwo uxhumeke kwi-amakholomu ubuso mpo AI-04. Uma usebenzisa i-diaphragm 1.020- chungechunge, kufanele uzilungiselele wona ifaka.

Kuhle kokusho futhi ukuthi diaphragm ngokuthi le nuclei ka rigidity, futhi bamele esinye sezici eyinhloko izakhiwo noma iyiphi injongo. Njengengxenye lo msebenzi izenzo bezibona imithwalo ovundlile ngohlobo zokuzamazama komhlaba futhi emoyeni ukuthi isinyathelo isakhiwo.