Amakhompyutha, Izinhlelo
Cmd. Exe - kuyini? Cmd. Exe - iphutha lohlelo
I-Windows umugqa wemiyalo, nakuba kuthandwa nabaqondisi kanye nabasebenzisi PC ethuthukisiwe, abanikazi abavamile-computer abo siqu alwaziwa. Injongo yalesi sihloko - ukuzijwayelanisa nabantu izinzuzo ukuthi ngeke uthole ukuyisebenzisa.
Uhlelo lokusebenza le-Windows liyaziwa isikhombimsebenzisi yayo sokuqhafaza, kanye nabasebenzisi abaningi ukhohlwe noma zizizwe ewusizo womyalelo imisebenzi. Windows - lokhu kungaphezu "nje ukhombe bese uchofoza." Ikhibhodi umugqa wemiyalo ungakwazi ukwengeza kakhulu kuya imifanekiso igundane.
Cmd.exe - kuyini?
Umugqa wemiyalo oluvelayo uma uqala cmd.exe. Kuyinqubo letindzala MS Windows, kanye notolika umyalo, olusekela ifayela nakunethiwekhi PC imisebenzi. Cmd.exe siphela, izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye ferrying idatha phakathi kwabo. Inqubo uthatha idatha afakwe ohlelweni ngendlela stroke yesistimu yokusebenza. Cmd.exe usebenza imiyalo eminingi esakhelwe wabulawelwa igobolondo imvelo.
Lesi sakamuva uhlelo enikeza ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi umsebenzisi futhi yesistimu yokusebenza. Isetshenziselwa ukudala nokuhlela izikripthi (amafayela batch) ngetinhloso letehlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuphatha akhawunti yomsebenzisi. Ukusetshenziswa kohlelo igobolondo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukushintsha abanye imisebenzi. Lena isheshe ngaphandle Sokuzivikela izinhlelo zangaphandle. Ungase futhi usethe i-ifasitela lesikhuthazimiyalo kumuzwa wakho futhi ulawule ekwenzeni imisebenzi.
Ishayela umugqa wemiyalo
Umyalo umugqa, ungabiza kwethulwa isicelo ohlelweni lwemibhalo System32 \ cmd.exe. Kuyini nzima? Kukhona ezinye izinketho yilezi:
- Into imenyu "Qala - Zonke izinhlelo - Windows uhlelo -. Umyalo Yazisa"
- Iya "Qala" imenyu ebhokisini lokusesha, uhlobo cmd, bese ukusebenzisa i- "umugqa wemiyalo".
- Imbangela uqalisa inhlanganisela isicelo iwindi okhiye Win R, uhlobo cmd bese ucindezela "Qala".
- Chofoza ngakwesokudla "Qala" imenyu ukubiza iwindi pop-up bese ukhetha into efiselekayo. Ukuze agijime isicelo njengoba umlawuli ukhethe "Umyalo Yazisa (Admin)."
- Ngokucindezela kwesokudla ne kanyekanye eliyifa Shift futhi Alt ukuze "Ifayela Explorer" kuzokwenza imenyu yokuqukethwe lapho kufanele ukhethe "Vula ifasitela lapha". Ngenxa yalokho, kuzoba khona emgqeni womyalelo ukusebenzisa lwemibhalo ekhethiwe.
Ukuhlanganisa System 32 \ cmd.exe ku "Qala" imenyu, kumele uchofoze uhlelo, chofoza kwesokudla futhi kusukela kumenyu yokuqukethwe, khetha "Phina Qala Imenyu".
ukumiswa
Isethaphu ifasitela kungenziwa ngokuchofoza inkinobho yegundane kwesokudla kubha isihloko bese ukhetha okuthi "Okuzenzakalelayo". Ilungiselelo akhethiwe lugcinwa amaseshini okwalandela cmd.exe isebenza. "Izakhiwo" okufanele isetshenziswe ucacise izilungiselelo esikhathini samanje.
Ungakhetha amasethingi ifonti, usayizi iwindi futhi isikhundla, umbhalo umbala, obala ngemuva.
Uma ukhetha okuthi "Gqamisa igundane" ungakhetha umbhalo ngokubamba phansi inkinobho kwesokunxele manipulator, kanye "Enter" ukuze ukukopishele ebhodini lokunamathisela.
Imibala myalo iwindi ingasethwa ngesikhathi Cmd.exe ithoma nge ipharamitha / t: fg, lapho f usetha umbala umbhalo, kanye g - ingemuva ngesimo izinombolo zamadesimali 0 kuya F: omnyama (0), oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (1) oluhlaza (2 ), aqua (3) obomvu (4) violet (5) futhi ephuzi (6), omhlophe (7) kanye namagugu ukukhanya oda efanayo ne amakhodi 8 kuya F.
Keys Cmd.exe: kuyini?
Lapho umugqa wemiyalo ithoma nezinye okhiye esetshenziswa. Syntax uqale Cmd.exe isicelo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:
cmd [[{/ c | / k}] [/ s] [/ q] [/ d] [{/ a | / u}] [/ t: fg] [/ e: {ku | off}] [/ f: {ku | off}] [/ v: {ku | off}] string] lapho:
- c engikhiphela umyalo eshiwo string futhi akube kusakhulunywa ngaye isicelo;
- k engikhiphela umyalo eshiwo string futhi uyaqhubeka isicelo;
- umugqa s eshintsha emva kokwelashwa okhiye / c noma / k;
- q ikhubaza okukhipha esikrinini;
- d ikhubaza autostart ;
- ubeka okukhipha kumuntu ANSI standard;
- u ichaza Unicode okukhipha;
- t: fg usetha umbala umbhalo kanye nesizinda;
- e: {ku | off} ixhuma futhi iyanqamula ukusetshenziswa isethi ende imiyalo;
- f: {ku | off} ixhuma futhi iyanqamula ekupheleni igama ifayela noma ifolda;
- v: {ku | off} ixhuma futhi iyanqamula le imisiwe imvelo ukunwetshwa variable eqoshiwe phakathi, lapho kukhishwa umyalo ;!
- "String" icacisa umyalo ofuna akhiphe;
- /? ekhombisa ukusiza ewindini umyalo.
Amaqembu amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa
Ngesikhathi line umyalo, ebekiwe njengoba ipharamitha, ungacacisa Cmd.exe-team ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lo string kumele ebiyelwe bokhulunyiwe, kanye amaqembu ahlukaniswe ekulandelaneni izinhlamvu &&.
Kungokufanayo umyalo isihlukanisi isetshenziswa umugqa wemiyalo uqobo. Lapha ubizwa ngokuthi opharetha KANYE: && komanda_1 komanda_2 uma komanda_1 wagcwalisa ngempumelelo, kuvela komanda_2.
Ithimba Connection & opharetha: komanda_1 & komanda_2: komanda_2 ababulawa ngemva komanda_1 ithimba.
NOMA opharetha: komanda_1 || komanda_2: komanda_2 ababulawa uma komanda_1 hhayi bakwazi ukwenza.
I-opharetha iphayiphi |: komanda_1 | komanda_2: idatha okukhipha komanda_1 we komanda_2 okokufaka uqondiswe.
imiyalo Ukubuthelela zenziwe abakaki: (komanda_1 & komanda_2) || komanda_3 uma komanda_1 futhi komanda_2 unganelisekile, komanda_3 ibulawa.
Uma amaqembu amaningi engaphezu kweyodwa ipharamitha, zihlukaniswa izinhlamvu ukhefana noma isemikholoni: komanda_1 parametr_1; parametr_2
Amanye opharetha:
- umyalo> ifayela uyisa okukhipha umyalo kwifayela, ukudala noma ngaphezulu esivele sikhona;
- umyalo >> ifayela unezela ekhishwa umyalo ifayela ekhona noma yakha entsha;
- umyalo
- @echo off elisetshenziswa amafayela batch ukukhubaza okukhipha umyalo esikrinini.
Amashothikhathi
Lapho ukusebenza umugqa wemiyalo, ungakwazi futhi kufanele usebenzise zekhibhodi:
- Inkinobho ↓ / ↑ - loops ngokusebenzisa imiyalo ngaphambilini uyithayiphe.
- Isikhala - Isula uhlamvu kwesokunxele isikhombisi.
- Ctrl Ikhaya - blurs emgqeni kwesobunxele.
- Ctrl End - Isula umugqa kwesokudla.
- Ctrl ← - ihamba izwi isikhombisi nenye ngakwesobunxele (emuva).
- Ctrl → - ihamba izwi isikhombisi enye ngakwesokunene (phambili).
- -Ctrl-C - aborts umyalo zamanje.
- Esc - esusa umugqa wemiyalo.
- F1 - okulingana ngokucindezela umcibisholo wesokudla. Ngamunye cindezela ohlobo yayo phezu umugqa wemiyalo ngokulandelana uphawu omunye umyalo wokugcina.
- F2 - ubonisa umyalo wokugcina uphawu icindezelwa ngemva ukhiye umsebenzi.
- F3 - yethula umyalo wokugcina.
- F4 - ukususa umlingisi umyalo, wangena emva ngokucindezela ikhi umsebenzi.
- F5 - okulingana umcibisholo waphezulu, ingena esigabeni yokugcina iqembu.
- F6 - ihlangabezana inhlanganiselazihlonzi Ctrl Z bese ifaka uhlamvu EOF.
- F7 - ubonisa iwindi nge uhlu imiyalo ngaphambilini uyithayiphe.
- Izinqamuleli zekhibhodi Alt F7 - kususa umlando umyalo.
- F8 - okulingana F5 nge ukuphindaphinda eyindilinga. Uma ucindezela F8 ngemva kokufaka izinhlamvu kokuqala imiyalo olufakwe ngaphambilini, noHlelo ugcwele.
- F9 - FAKA umyalo, iyiphi inombolo emlandweni imiyalo oluhambisana inombolo ezoshayelwa ngemva ukhiye umsebenzi.
- Faka - sekuqalile Faka imodi yokufaka / isula.
- Tab - ngokuzenzakalela populates ifolda noma ifayela igama, okukhethwa kukho cindezela ngamunye okwalandela ukuhlunga. Shift + Tab yokuwohloka busting.
amaqembu zangaphakathi nezangaphandle
Esikhathini imiyalo console ingasetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbili - zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Yangaphakathi umhumushi esakhelwe futhi angaqaliswa kuphela kusuka kumugqa womyalo. kwethulwa sangaphandle a elisebenzisekayo behlukile kokubili console futhi kusukela imenyu "Qala - Run". uhlu zabo lungatholakala ngokusebenzisa umyalo usizo. A ulwazi oluthe xaxa ingatholakala ngemva kokufaka "usizo umyalo" noma "umyalo /?". Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze uthole usizo mayelana xcopy, faka usizo noma xcopy xcopy /?
Imiyalo yazo zonke
Abaningi CLI imiyalelo egxile abaphathi inethiwekhi, ngakho ayevame ezisetshenziswa ohlelweni abalawuli. Kodwa kukhona cmd.exe-ithimba ukuthi iyatholakala isilinganiso PC umsebenzisi. Nazi ezinye zazo.
1. Del / s Ifolda \ * - kusula okuqukethwe lwemibhalo olucacisiwe nazo zonke subdirectories. Esinye isihluthulelo / f uvumele ukususa amafayela ukufunda kuphela. Lapho ngokuqiniseka okuphelele ukhiye operation ngokungeza / q isidingo ukuqinisekisa ukususwa ngamunye. Umyalo kumele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha njengoba ukususwa ukuze imibhalo musa ukuwela kubhasikidi.
2. Mkdir (noma md) ungakha iyonke lwemibhalo isihlahla: md papka_1 \ papka_2 \ papka_3.
3. Xcopy kuvula amathuba isipele evamile futhi inani elikhulu amafayela. Ngokwesibonelo, isihluthulelo / d: [mm-dd-yy] evumela ukuba isebenze kuphela imibhalo okuye kwashintshwa kusukela ngosuku olushiwo. Engeziwe / s inkinobho evumela ikhophi futhi amafolda amancane. Sekukonke, iqembu has 27 okhiye.
4. Susa usizo lwemibhalo rmdir (noma rd efanayo). Kulokhu, ifolda kumelwe ingabi nalutho. I / s uyombhubhisa lwemibhalo izidleke nge okuqukethwe kwabo. Engeziwe ukhiye / q ezimbi zingenza nokuhlukileko.
5. Dir ifolda \ *. Doc / h / s> spisok.txt ukudala ifayela nge uhlu kwemibhalo MS Word lwemibhalo esibekiwe, kuhlanganise amafayela ezifihliwe (sibonga ukhiye / h) futhi imibhalo kufolda (/ ukhiye s).
6. Shintsha extension ifayela, ungasebenzisa ren * .txt * .doc umyalo.
7. Move / y papka_1 \ *. Mp3 papka_2 \ hambisa mp3-amafayela kusuka papka_1 e papka_2 ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukubhala ngaphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukhiye / -y ukuvimbela ukubhalwa ngaphezu ezinjalo.
8. Cmd.exe isiqalo. kuvula lwemibhalo yamanje ku-Windows Explorer.
9. Cmd.exe uqale .. evulekile ku ifolda Windows Explorer ku isinyathelo ngenhla kwekhona.
10. Yala System32 \ cmd.exe ukuqala igobolondo: evulekile uhlelo, amakhukhi une folda ne-Internet "ikhukhi". Ukuze wokusebenza ngaphambi Windows 7, Cmd.exe-umyalo ngisho lula: qala amakhukhi.
11. Attrib -R -S -H ifayela kuzosusa tags kufayela "ukufunda kuphela", "uhlelo" kanye "ocashe".
12. Subst z: Ifolda ukwenza kube lula ukufinyelela ifolda, wasinikeza igama Z. disc
batch
Ngaphandle Cmd.exe umugqa wemiyalo uyakwazi ukucutshungulwa batch amafayela - imibhalo umbhalo .bat isandiso, noma .cmd, equkethe umugqa wemiyalo wabulawelwa ithuba.
Ifayela batch uyakwazi ukusebenzisa agumenti - idatha yomsebenzisi ngobulili ngendlela ethile: 1%, 2%. Lapho efeza lezi izilungiselelo kufakwe idatha yomsebenzisi.
I variable ithimba isethi / p = [string] ikuvumela ukuthumela ifayela batch amagugu onhlobonhlobo. Ngokwesibonelo, setha / igama p = Ungubani igama lakho? Lwenza kwenombolo% igama% anenani angena ngumsebenzisi.
amafayela Iqoqwana ungenza izinqumo bese ukhetha izenzo kuncike kule mibandela:
- Uma (isimo) (komanda_1) le Else (komanda_2) - komanda_1 lapho izimo zifeziwe, kungenjalo _ komanda_2;
- uma zikhona kufayela del ifayela - ifayela kuzosuswa, uma ikhona;
- uma engekho ifayela ifayela echo asikho - uma Ifayela ayikho ke ifayela batch ukubika;
- uma / i stroka_1 Gtr stroka_2 umyalo - umyalo uyabulawa, uma stroka_2 stroka_1 enkulu bangakhathaleli muntu (Key / i).
- goto: ilebula ukuvumela ukuya ilebula, kokushiya ingxenye umyalo ungenabala kuqalisa.
- I-%% X (* .jpg) ukwenza (iqembu) - kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba akhiphe umyalo oku wonke amafayela ne .jpg isandiso.
Inqubo Safety stop
ifayela Cmd.exe uhlelo. Kunconywa ukuba isuse ungemi izinqubo seziya. Zibalulekile kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ngemfanelo kukhompyutha yakho. Nokho, uma isidingo ukuyeka umsebenzi sisekhona, yenza okulandelayo:
1. Iya "Qala" imenyu, uhlobo Msconfig ebhokisini lokusesha futhi ukusebenzisa Umbuso indawo. Iwindi livela nge uhlu lwamathuluzi ukucushwa kwesistimu.
2. Khetha uqalisa ibhukumaka, hlola ukutholakala Cmd.exe ohlwini.
3. Susa ibhokisi lokuhlola eduze negama inqubo, ukusebenzisa izinguquko futhi kabusha computer.
4. Ngemva sokuqalisa kabusha, ungakhethi isiqalo othomathikhi uma uvula i-PC uhlelo yokumisa.
Enye indlela iwukuba uhlole uhlu uqalisa izinqubo kumhleli lokubhalisa.
Cmd.exe kungenziwa wayeka usebenzisa Isiphathi somsebenzi ku Izinqubo ithebhu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukhethe inqubo bese uchofoza "Ukuphela Process."
Izimbangela amaphutha
Iphutha Thumela Cmd.exe «Isicelo" ngokuvamile kakhulu umphumela ukulimala amafayela yesistimu yokusebenza. Ngenxa yalokhu ukwehluleka abathintekayo ikhompyutha ukusebenza. Futhi kule izinqubo uhlelo, kuphakama izinkinga ngenxa isicelo ukungavumelani, ifayela ukususwa akuphelele, virus ukutheleleka, operation okungafanele nezinye izinhlelo. Konke lokhu kungaholela ekususweni noma ukulimala bokuhlola amafayela system.
Remedy Iphutha Cmd.exe
Omunye ujabule ngephutha Cmd.exe - ukuthi lokhu silungiswa kalula. Ngeke kusize isixazululo olulodwa, kukhona okwengeziwe. Nazi ezinye zazo.
- Ngena ngemvume ku-operating system nge amalungelo nomqondisi.
- Hlehlisa izinguquko zesimanje, ngemva kwalokho kukhona Iphutha Cmd.exe «Isicelo umlayezo." Futhi uma kubonakala sengathi ngesikhathi kwethulwa isimiso esifanayo, bese ususa bese faka.
- Qinisekisa oluthembekayo samagciwane. Kuyadingeka ukuskena ikhompyutha yakho bese ususe izinhlelo ezingafuneki.
- Enye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu leli phutha kuyinto ebhukwini obonakele. It simo egciniwe, equkethe ulwazi ukumisa, ama-imeyili, amaphasiwedi, izindlela ifayela kanye neminye imininingwane edingekayo ukuze ukuhlinzwa evamile ye-PC. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, ungasebenzisa ithuluzi alulame Registry Acashile Umfelandawonye Registry.
- Ukubuyekeza abashayeli isiqophi ikhadi kusukela indawo esemthethweni umakhi.
- Ufaka iDirectX, NetFramework, Microsoft Visual C ++ nge website esemthethweni "Microsoft".
- Running Exe cmd-SFC / scannow umyalo kusukela administrator. System Umbuso indawo kuyokwenza scan PC yakho amaphutha bese uphakamisa izindlela uzinqobe.
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