"Capecitabine": imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa, izibuyekezo, ama-analogs, uhlobo lokukhululwa, umenzi. "Capecitabine-TL": imiyalelo

Capecitabine (. Latin Capecitabinum) - ikhemikhali kuyinto fluoropyrimidine carbamate esuselwe. It kungokwalabo iqembu antimetabolites - compounds ethize ukwazi zivimbela ukukhula izimila ebulalayo. Inzalo e izinto ezinjalo eladabuka 1960 g. Imiphumela yokuqala HIV etholwe izifundo in amagundane. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kwatholakala ukusebenza yayo ekwelapheni izifo ezithize umdlavuza kubantu.

Namuhla, imithi eminingi anticancer eliqukethe asebenzayo izidakamizwa capecitabine. Izibuyekezo iziguli eziningi ukusho mayelana nokuphumelela isicelo mathuluzi therapy anticancer.

Zokwelapha kanye izakhiwo

Formula capecitabine - 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N - [(pentyloxy) carbonyl] cytidine. Antimetabolites chemical iqembu imelelwa eziningi izinto zifana zendalo ukuze imikhiqizo umzimba (umzimba) womuntu. Bayakwazi bahlanganyele ukusabela umzimba, futhi uzilungise ukubambezela ezinye zezinqubo kwamakhemikhali. Ngakho kukhona ukungasebenzi in esibalulekile isimila cells futhi okusithiyayo lokukhula kwabo uma usebenzisa amalungiselelo based izidakamizwa capecitabine. Izibuyekezo zabantu abakhuluma ngayo ukunciphisa usayizi izimila. Lokhu mshini wezenzo libizwa cytostatic.

Lezi izindawo avumele ukusetshenziswa izinto antimetabolitnyh kubo therapy anticancer. ukusebenza kwazo ngempumelelo efakazelwe ngokumelene izimila abulalayo yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini bese nezindlala mammary. Kulokhu, yalokho okuhle kunikeza kokubili monotherapy kanye lihambisana namanye amanxusa. Kuze kube manje, ngesisekelo anti-metabolites wadala imikhiqizo engaphezu kwengu-800, kodwa usaqhubeka ukucinga amaqembu amasha compounds.

mshini wezenzo

Capecitabine Ukuqalisa kwenzeka emisipheni yesimila, ngemva kwalokho-ke iqala abazikhandla umphumela wawo anobuthi ku amaseli (indlela cytotoxic). Le into ehilelekile umzimba ukuphendula futhi kuholela yokuthi ukuthi unempilo futhi amaseli isimila aguqulwa ku analogs cytotoxic. Ngakho kukhona ukwephulwa ekhiqiza izidakamizwa kudingekile ngoba i-DNA zamagama, futhi ngenxa yalokho, inqubo division.

Njengoba amaseli kuphele ukwandisa izinombolo zabo. Kwesinye simo, kukhona "esikhundleni" elilodwa enye into, lapho zamagama amaprotheni ekhathazwa lapho kunokudla izidakamizwa based capecitabine kwakwakhe. Umhlahlandlela likuchaza ngokuningiliziwe le nqubo.

Mshini lokhu ukuguqulwa kunciphisa kungenzeka elincane lokulimala kwamangqamuzana enempilo. Capecitabine kuyinto kanzulu ngaphezulu isimila ngokwayo, kuka emisipheni ezizungezile. isici enjalo ayiyona ingozi emzimbeni lapho umuntu kokuthola ukwelashelwa izidakamizwa esekelwe capecitabine izidakamizwa. Yokusetshenziswa incoma ethola izimali ngemithamo ngokuqinile kuchazwa ukuthi zinqunywa udokotela ukuba khona.

Hlala izidakamizwa emzimbeni

Lapho ethola capecitabine kuyinto ukumuncwa yayo okusheshayo e pheshana emathunjini. Uma udle ngalesi sikhathi, inqubo wehlisa ijubane. Ngakho-ke, esekelwe reception antimetabolite izidakamizwa Kwenziwa emva ukungenisa. ukuguqulwa Ngaphezu kwalokho kwenzeka ketshezi isibindi, ethile capecitabine futhi metabolites yayo abophezele amaprotheni (isib albumin). Amazinga isiqongo serum attained emva 1.5 -3 amahora emva izidakamizwa isicelo. Lokhu ukhuluma izidakamizwa "Capecitabine" imfundiso. Analogs babe pharmacokinetics efanayo.

Iningi izidakamizwa is excreted ku umchamo, ephansi - ne indle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga hhayi kuphela capecitabine umzimba ingashintshiwe (3%), kodwa nemikhiqizo yalo. Abanye babo akheka ukuba compounds kancane esebenzayo. I yokuhlala kanye ekuguquleni capecitabine emzimbeni engabathinti ubulili, ubudala, uhlanga.

Lapho iqondiswa?

Capecitabine ku ukwakhiwa ahlukahlukene zaphathwa abanomdlavuza webele, kuhlanganise esiteji metastatic. Kulokhu, bawo nezinto ezasetshenziswa kohlaka wedwa, noma kuhlanganiswe ukwelashwa nge Izimo noma ukungabi ngempumelelo imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Ngokuvamile, capecitabine kuhlangene docetaxel.

Liphinde elibekelwe abanomdlavuza we ikholoni, emphinjeni, esiswini, amanyikwe, umdlavuza colorectal, kokubili ukusabalala endawo esigabeni, futhi ngesikhathi Ukudlulela. Ekwelapheni umdlavuza colon bunikezwe "capecitabine". Yokusetshenziswa ukulandela ngokucophelela umthamo Kunconywa nokubambelela iseluleko udokotela ukuba khona.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa

Uma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali wazibonakalisa ingaphumeleli, uchwepheshe Oncology angabeka ukwelashwa inhlanganisela, ezizosetshenziswa "capecitabine". Yokusetshenziswa inikeza uhlu imithombo, okuyinto kungenzeka uhlanganise ngempumelelo.

Isibonelo, nge "docetaxel" - izidakamizwa cytotoxic isinyathelo uhlobo kokuba umsuka zemifino. It uyakwazi iqhubeka isikhathi eside kumaseli e lokuhlala eliphezulu. Nokho, ukuhlanganiswa ezinjalo ejenti is contraindicated kubantu nge inani zegazi kanye neutrophil 100,000 / ul futhi 1500 / l, ngokulandelana. Futhi "Docetaxel" awusebenzi iziguli nge anda ngesilinganiso bilirubin. Kulokhu, lo kungenzeka nemiphumela ebuhlungu. Uma "Docetaxel" kwabanye isizathu 'bayawa' we lwemithi yokwelashwa, qhubeka yokwelapha "capecitabine", kodwa ngezinye ngemithamo esincishisiwe.

Esimeni hypersensitivity ukusabela ukwelashwa "capecitabine" futhi "docetaxel" stop futhi uqede izimpawu kubangelwa. zinsiza Isikimu kuhlanganiswe eba ingcweti oncologist onekhono. Lokhu sikimu kushintshwe uma kwenzeka imiphumela anobuthi.

"Capecitabine" is hhayi oqokwe ngesikhathi esifanayo "Sorivudinom" - umenzeli namagciwane. Le nhlanganisela kungase kwandise ubuthi zomuthi kuqala. Ukusetshenziswa ahlangene we antiepileptic izidakamizwa "phenytoin" kwandisa lokuhlushwa yokugcina ku-plasma yegazi. Kungenzeka futhi ukopha ukugula ngengqondo ukusetshenziswa coumarin anticoagulants futhi izindlela, lapho ingxenye main - capecitabine. Yokusetshenziswa baxwayisa ngemiphumela kungenzeka, ngakho kuzomele uqale uzijwayeze ke.

Ubani is contraindicated?

Isizathu ukuthi is contraindicated noma kunomkhawulo izidakamizwa kungaba:

• ukuzwela High (hypersensitivity ukuphendula).
• Ukuba khona esingamahlalakhona ezinzima kwezinso noma hepatic.
• ngezigaba ezahlukene sokukhulelwa (isidakamizwa kuthinta izithelo), kwasinda ezimweni lapho impilo kamama efakwa igunya;
• Ukondla yokudla ezisanda kuzalwa.

Futhi ethola capecitabine komkhawulo nabantu isifo senhliziyo (CHD), lapho isimo lokuhlushwa anda bilirubin egazini, isifo sesibindi metastatic ukwephula kwayo amalungelo ethu imisebenzi yayo eziyisisekelo. ukulungiselela Kunconywa izingane nasebekhulile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa izidakamizwa "Capecitabine" imfundiso. Nobufakazi ukukhuluma ngezindaba ezihlukahlukene side effects kanye nemiphumela anobuthi ekwelapheni. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa capecitabine senzeka ngaphansi kokuqondisa esiqinile we oncologist onguchwepheshe.

Zikhona yini imiphumela emibi?

Ngemva ngokuthatha izidakamizwa kungaba bekhanda, isimo ukukhathala, ukucobeka, ubuthakathaka. Insomnia kungenzeka, noma okuphambene nalokho - ukozela. Ezimweni ezingavamile - ukulahlekelwa ukudlelana ibhalansi, ukudideka.

Imiphumela engemihle ku esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi anemiya (anaemia). Ngezinga elincane kungase kubangele angina, ischemia esivimba amanzi, unhlangothi, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kanye nabanye. Uma behileleka inqubo kwezitho zokuphefumula, kungase kube iphika, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela. Kakhulu akuvamile - embolism yamaphaphu, iphaphu zibe.

Kodwa lapho lisetshenziswa enkulumweni Ukwakheka wedwa noma kuhlanganiswe ukuphathwa kungenzeka imiphumela emibi ohlelweni zemisipha. It kubonakala nobuhlungu ezingalweni nasemilenzeni okhalweni, kuphakama imisipha hypertonus (myalgia), ubuhlungu bamalunga (arthralgia).

Isikhumba angase nawo athinteke. Kungadala dermatitis, erythema, ukoma ngokweqile kwesikhumba, ububomvu, ukuluma, ukuba ndikindiki uyaxebuka, ukulunywa, lesikhumba yanda, umonakalo kuthinta izipikili. Ezimweni ezingavamile kukhona esikhumbeni imifantu, hypersensitivity kuya emisebeni yelanga, uyaxebuka kanye fragility anda nail amapuleti.

Phakathi kwezinye izigameko ezingezinhle ezavela kungenzeka izinqubo ezithathelwanayo ngenxa ukwehlisa umzimba ozivikela ngayo. Ngemva ukwelashwa kubangela ukwehla zegazi kanye amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. ukubonakaliswa okunjalo ichaza nomuthi "Capecitabine" imfundo manual. Analogue ukunikeza imiphumela efanayo.

isidakamizwa

"Capecitabine" ofanele kuphela ukusetshenziswa zangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile beyihlanza ngamanzi emva isigamu sehora emva kokudla, kodwa hhayi kamuva. I umthamo wansuku zonke kunqunywa oncologist ukuya, kuye ngokuthi ungakanani izimila, esigabeni ukuthuthukiswa, futhi inani endaweni surface body. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi onguchwepheshe isivele ababenamakhono ukusebenza nale izidakamizwa. Kakhulu njalo ebekiwe kabili-nsuku zonke - ekuseni nakusihlwa. Kulokhu, yonke inkambo yokuhle ihlala amasonto amabili, bese - ikhefu izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, kulandelwa ukwelashwa uphinda.

Ezigulini ezine-esingamahlalakhona kwezinso, ngemithamo nsuku encishisiwe. Ngu ukunciphisa isibalo leukocyte (leucopenia) kanye neutrophil (neutropenia) egazini qhubekani ngokuthatha izidakamizwa. Ngakho uncoma esebenzisa "Capecitabine" imfundo manual. Synonyms noma analogue iqondiswa at the isinyathelo udokotela ukuba khona.

ubuthi

Kukhona degrees eziningana, owawuthi ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela anobuthi zomuthi "capecitabine" (Iziyalezo yokusetshenziswa). Izibuyekezo zabantu abaningi bathi lokhu inqubo ngamunye.

Kukhona degrees eziningana ubuthi:

• 1 degree. Zimbalwa engemihle.
• 2 degree. Uhudo olujulile (kufika ku 4 izikhathi ngosuku) kulandele esitho ukuvuvukala, ububomvu, umsebenzi disorder, waba ukwanda okukhulu kwezincwadi bilirubin. Kulesi sigaba, yokwamukela uphazamisa capecitabine kuze izimpawu ubuthi esiteji 1.
• 3 degree. Uhudo ophilisayo kuze kube izikhathi ezingamashumi 9 ngosuku. Kwenzeka malabsorption (sprue). Uma lokhu laligujwa isikhumba eqinile uyaxebuka, ububomvu, amanxeba okusha futhi izilonda. Kukhona indawo ngeminjunju elibukhali emikhawulweni, kwehle ukusebenza. Bilirubin luyanda izikhathi 3. Kulesi sigaba ukwelashwa asisasebenzi, futhi ukubonakaliswa ubuthi 1 degree ukuqhubeka nokuthola izindlela ku umthamo ephansi.
• 4 degree. uhudo Okuningi njalo - tandla emahlandla la -10 ngelanga. Sezinyawo ngegazi. Kunesidingo ukwethulwa izidakamizwa, ngokudlula pheshana emathunjini. Uma izimpawu zalesi degree ukwelashwa kufanele simiswe futhi ungalokothi ukubuyiswa.

Iziphi izinyathelo kudingeka agcine ukuphepha?

Inkambo yokwelashwa okufanele kwenzeke ngaphansi eduze kweso lwezokwelapha. Lo chwepheshe kumele ngesikhathi esifanele ukuthola ukubonakaliswa ezinobuthi -. Ukuthi isicanucanu, uhudo, njll Phezu ukuthola lezi zici, ukwelashwa kushintshwe. Uma kudingeka, kuqede izimpawu, ukunciphisa umthamo wansuku zonke, enze ikhefu. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqhutshwe, uma kunezimpawu ubuthi musa usongo ekuphileni.

Kubantu abanalesi senhliziyo ukubhekwa Uchwepheshe ukushwampuluza ikakhulukazi. Kulokhu, nani nidinga isikhathi ukuze embule nomthelela omubi esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, futhi ngesikhathi ukwenza amalungiselelo adingekayo.

Ochwepheshe uyeke ukusetshenziswa ketshezi umkhuba ezingane. Ukuphumelela ukusebenzisa kwayo engakaze isungulwe izingane. Uma impatho is phansi owesifazane oseminyakeni yokuzala, yena kufanele belulekwe ku umthelela capecitabine embungwini. Phakathi ukwelashwa, kufanele basebenzise izinto zokuvimbela inzalo ethembekile.

Amalungiselelo futhi analogue

Kukhona imikhiqizo eziningana ngesisekelo capecitabine. Ezimakethe Russian kukhona 7 egameni lendawo yokuhweba noma izidakamizwa, ekhiqizwa yizinkampani ezimbalwa ezifuywayo angaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo:

• "Capecitabine".
• "Capecitabine-TL".
• "Tutabin".
• "Xeloda".
• "Kabetsin".
• "Kapetsitover".
• "Kapametin FS".

Kusukela esisekelweni zonke lezi izindlela eyodwa kanye isithako efanayo esebenzayo - capecitabine, ngenjongo yokufundiswa kwabo kuyoba okufanayo. Ngokuvamile lokho kubonisa itafula ukubala umthamo mikhandlu umzimba kanye nokwelashwa ukulungiswa wesifunda lapho uphawu ntshashintshe of ubuthi.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi into yokuqala okumelwe ifundwe, lapho wamiswa, isibonelo, "Capecitabine TL" - isiqondiso. Ulwazi oluqukethwe kuyo asifanele amathuluzi self-ukuphatha! Zonke izibalo ezihlobene umthamo kanye nokwelashwa, azikhuze ukhiqiza udokotela - oncologist ngekhono eyanele kule ndaba. Self-nokuphathwa anticancer ejenti enza umonakalo ongalungiseki emzimbeni.

Ake sicabangele ezinye izidakamizwa.

Incazelo amalungiselelo

• "Capecitabine - TL" kwenza Russian inkampani OOO "Ubuchwepheshe kwemithi." Ingxenye ebalulekile - capecitabine. Yokusetshenziswa, ifomu ukukhululwa kwe isithakazelo kwabaningi. Cabanga imininingwane. Lesi sibhebhe, ifilimu-camera. Okuqukethwe lomcebo asebenzayo - 150 noma 500 mg. izingxenye Asizayo: i-cellulose, i-lactose, sodium croscarmellose, hypromellose, magnesium stearate. Omunye iphakheji kungenzeka amaphilisi 60 noma 120, kuncike umthamo lesi sidakamizwa "Capecitabine - TL". Imiyalelo kumele aqukethe ulwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezimali.
• "Capecitabine" - umkhiqizo basezindlini ngokunakekelwa isithako efanayo esebenzayo. incazelo yakhe iyafana izindlela ezibalwe ngenhla. Khipha ifomu zomuthi "Capecitabine" - amaphilisi. Yokusetshenziswa nazo ebiyelwe iphakethe.
• "Kabetsin" - ejenti anticancer ngokwenziwa kwemifanekiso Russian ( "Inkampani" Deco "). Umkhiqizo ifomu - amaphilisi ifilimu camera nge 150 noma 500 mg lomcebo asebenzayo. izithako yesibili: microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, isitashi, magnesium stearate. Shiya emakhemisi kuphela kadokotela.
• "Kapetsitover" - umkhiqizo wenkampani Russian OJSC "Veropharm". Lokhu ejenti anticancer etholakala izibhebhe 150 noma 500 mg 60 - 120 izingcezu. Ngaphandle capecitabine, ekulungiseleleni kuhlanganisa i-lactose, i-cellulose, sodium croscarmellose, sodium stearate, futhi hypromellose.
• "Kapametin FS" - ezivezwa inkampani waseRussia "Nativ" - ngokuzimisela ohlelweni ukungenisa esikhundleni izidakamizwa. "Kapametin FS" adedele umthamo 150 - 500 mg ejenti asebenzayo - capecitabine. Yokusetshenziswa (futhi umkhiqizi Setha kuwo) uzokutshela bangaki amaphilisi iphakethe ngalinye - 60 noma 120.
• "Tutabin" - umkhiqizo angaphandle ngesisekelo capecitabine. Uveza inkampani Argentina Laboratorio VARIFARMA SA, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ejenti bokubhalisa. "Tutabin" ikhiqizwa ngendlela amaphilisi nge isithako okuqukethwe okusebenzayo ka mg 500. Okufakiwe - amakhadibhodi ibhokisi nge imiyalelo enikeziwe.
• "Xeloda" - umenzeli antitumor. Ikhishwa eSwitzerland ngo "by F. Hoffman La Roche" nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo kanye namahhovisi omele kwamanye amazwe - eMexico nase-United States. Ezimakethe Russian zikhona 5 izidakamizwa enegama ukuhweba. ifomu Product - amaphilisi (150 - 500 mg) e izingcezu ezingu-60 noma 120. in iphasela single.

Izibuyekezo

Izibuyekezo umsebenzi ngesisekelo ezihlukahlukene izidakamizwa capecitabine. Iningi lawo abantu okuhle, kodwa kukhona Izibuyekezo ezingezinhle. Nokho, lokhu akusho elichaza lezi zimali njengoba okuhle noma okubi, ngokuba wena kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kwi-akhawunti nobunye bomuntu ngamunye ezinhlelo emzimbeni ngamunye. Ukuthola izindlela elifanayo labantu ezahlukene ungalilahli umphumela ofanayo. Lokubaluleke kakhulu Kuyaphawuleka okuyinto umzimba ihlaselwe neoplasm kwasekubalelwa esingakanani kwenzekani.

Abantu abaphuza umuthi, kusho ukusebenza eqinile anobuthi emva kwezinsuku eziningana ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Nokho, abaningi ukubika ekwenteni ncono isimo sabo ngisho ukungena ukuthethelelwa. Isimo obalulekile ukuthi umuthi uyophumelela kanye Kungenzeka ukuba umuntu owodwa, oncologist Consulting nokunamathela kakhulu imiyalo yakhe mayelana nale nqubo.