Bronze - encibilika lokushisa. Kanjani zethusi

Bronze kuyinto ingxubevange zethusi enye ingxenye eyengeziwe, njengoba kunjalo ngokuvamile kuphuma ithini nomthofu kuphela, aluminium noma silicon. Kuye isithakazelo gauge metal, ithusi kungase kudingeke lowehlukile noma izinsimbi.

Umlando omncane

Bronze empeleni ingxubevange lokuqala, elaqala usebenzisa isintu. Esikhathini 3rd yeminyaka BC. e. master ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa zethusi ababezithola phansi benze kuhambisane netinhloso. Ezinye amamaki of ore equkethe iphesenti elincane ithini. Lapho ekucubunguleni lokhu okuqukethwe, abantu baqaphela ukuthi lokhu nethusi luthe ukuqina, kanti kunzima kunokujwayelekile. Ngaleyondlela, kwakungemva ukuzalwa inkathi entsha zomlando namasiko, okuyinto manje eyaziwa ngokuthi "Bronze Age". Uphenyo kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi ithini wavulwa, yona eyaqala ukwenza i ngokukhethekile ungeze zethusi ukukhiqiza eliphezulu ingxubevange ngokwenza amathuluzi nezinto zokuhloba.

lethusi yokusansimbi qualitatively ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto kwakuhlezi abantu ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuqeda saya siba ngcono futhi abantu baqala ukukhiqiza izinhlobo zamatshe ekhethekile lapho imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ingakhishwa izikhathi eziningi. Kancane kancane ke yasungulwa amafomu avaliwe, okuyinto akavunyelwe ukwenza izikhali nemihlobiso nge isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi iphethini.

Izici Key

Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi le nto kunqunywa kwegciwane yayo. Ukuze zethusi libhekene izici zayo ezifana:

• ukumelana ukugqwala;
• amandla;
• ezingeni lelisetulu conductivity kagesi futhi ezishisayo;
• anda ukumelana ukugqoka ukusebenza;
• Coefficient eliphansi friction yenqubo;
• ukusebenza kakhulu emanzini asolwandle ukumelana, ngaphandle futhi kumakhemikhali awuketshezi ezahlukene organic;
• amazinga aphezulu yokumelana umusi;
• adambise yokusingatha.

Bronze, ogama ukuncibilika lokushisa imayelana 930-1100 degrees, ine omuhle kakhulu amandla futhi ukumelana nemingcele. Ikakhulukazi uma siqhathanisa nabanye Alloys efanayo.

ngezigaba zethusi

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi "Bronze Age" kade laphela, ezinye okuhlukile ezisetshenziswa kuze kube manje. Ukubunjwa ingxubevange lihlukaniswa singene lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Tinless (iqukethe akukho tin);
• ithini.

Iqembu lokuqala olwengeziwe zihlanganisa beryllium, aluminium, phambili nezinhlobo kremnietsinkovy.

1. lethusi Beryllium - ingxubevange ukumelana kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside, okuyinto izici zalo eziyisisekelo njengoba kuphakeme kakhulu ngisho izinga okusezingeni steel ezingeni.
2. ifomu Kremnietsinkovy esimweni oncibilikisiwe has egeleza izici.
3. lethusi Ukuhola - uhlobo ingxubevange elinendawo ukumelana ephakeme nokuzinza.
4. Aluminium zethusi + iyahluka kwenye nezinye izinhlobo ukumelana ezizihluphayo zamakhemikhali amathonya amabi imvelo.

Ngokuqondene zenyathi zethusi yesibili, uhlobo tin namuhla ibhekwa njengempophoma okuvame kakhulu embonini, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ezinye izinhlobo Alloys njengabakhulu kunani izici zakhe ngabanye.

Izindawo ukusetshenziswa zethusi

Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi ingxubevange kunqunywa izici zalo eziyisisekelo. Kaningi lethusi add izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ezengeziwe siguqula alandisa umphelelisi izici zayo.

Ngokuqondene ingxubevange zenyathi ithini isetshenziswa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ikakhulukazi ethandwa babe ezihlukahlukene zethusi - ubucwebe, imifanekiso, izinto zasekhaya kanye nabanye.

Ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana ukugqwala we ingxubevange ngaphambi, liyanezela-nickel, i-zinc, i-phosphorus, nezinye izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi. Ezimweni eziningi, i-material enjalo esetshenziselwa ukwenza amathuluzi ahlukahlukene navigation.

asetshenziswa Aluminium futhi kremnietsinkovy izinhlobo, njengoba umthetho, ukudala imisebenzi yobuciko.

Ukuqeda zethusi ekhaya

Ezweni lanamuhla ke wenza eziningi imikhiqizo ngesisekelo ingxubevange. Ukuze wenze noma yiziphi ukuhlobisa noma sihloko ekhaya, kufanele kucatshangelwe izici ezifana izici eziyinhloko, okuyinto has a lethusi, - izinga lokushisa ukuncibilika njll impahla Esikhathini izinto ezidingakalayo amadivayisi asizayo .:

• Ukuphekwa Ngobhojwana NgamaFascist;
• impintshisi;
• namalahle;
• ukwesekwa kuhhavini edingekayo lokushisa ububanzi;
• uphondo;
• yakha ilungele ukuvunwa;
• hook.

Kulandzelana kwalokucuketfwe lokuhleliwe inqubo

1. I Ngobhojwana NgamaFascist wabeka ezinye izingcezu metal, futhi ibekwe kuhhavini. Khona-ke Ukusetha bafudumale isilawuli, kanye nethusi eliningi elingenakulinganiswa, ogama ukuncibilika lokushisa incike izakhi zalo abalekeleli ke liqala ukushintsha ukwakheka.
2. Ngemva kwalokho, Ngobhojwana NgamaFascist isuka esithandweni somlilo esebenzisa hook uqobo kanye ingxubevange is batheleka isikhunta lelungiselelwe.
3. Bronze, ogama ukuncibilika lokushisa kuqhathaniswa ongaphakeme, ivumela ukuba esikhundleni le muffle esithandweni autogenous noma Blowtorch.

Tindlela efanayo kufanelekile umsebenzi nabanye Alloys zethusi. Njengoba, isibonelo, ithusi nethusi ukuma imayelana uhla efanayo - 930-1140 kanye 880-950 degrees, ngokulandelana.

izinyathelo zokuqapha

ukuncibilika metal ekhaya akusho ukuthi kungenziwa nje endaweni yokuhlala ngaphandle kwemingcele. Ukuze thusi zethusi uzodinga ekamelweni elihlukile, workshop eyenza umsebenzi okufanele ifakwe konke ababekudinga ukuze imishini inqubo kanye izembatho zokuzivikela. Workshop kufanele ifakwe ukusebenza mlilo, kodwa egumbini ngokwayo kungagcineki izinto ezingase zibambe umlilo futhi izinto.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuncibilika zethusi kubhekwa kuhlasimulise umzimba ngokwanele, ukuze zonke izigaba edingekayo inqubo kufanele kuphela indoda lelungiselelwe.

izikhathi ezikhethekile

Ukuze ekubunjweni imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene izingcwecwe zensimbi kufanele makudle zethusi ngoba lincibilike kalula ezingaphezu kuka ngethusi. Njengoba imishini, kungcono ukwenza lokuzikhethela isiqondiso Ngobhojwana NgamaFascist eyenziwe zobumba nobumba, njengoba zibizwa kabanzi ezifaneleke ngale ingxubevange.

Ngokulinganiswa remelting zethusi lasendulo kufanele kusho ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba baqaphele ngokukhethekile nale nqubo, njengoba ukwakheka kwakho kungenzeka i-arsenic.

Kufanele futhi acabangele inani ukungcola, okuyinto wazenza ngethusi. Iphuzu ukuncibilika impahla kuye ukuthi kungahluka kakhulu. Ukuze tin ingxubevange zinkomba ngaphakathi 900-950 degrees, kuyilapho isidingo tin-free mayelana 950-1080.

Ithusi ingxubevange zethusi nge kwalokho ngezinto ezihlukahlukene non-ayoni. Lokhu kwaziswa linamandla, ubulukhuni nokuzabalazela inqubo ukugqwala. Esikhathini esidlule, ithusi lalisetshenziswa ngokwenza amathuluzi ahlukahlukene, ubucwebe, izikhali kanye eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu kanye okwamanje le ingxubevange sengezwe nezinye izinsimbi ukuthola anezici ezithile. Nale zethusi aluminium isetshenziswa womshini ahlukahlukene piping izingxenye futhi izindiza, silicic - navigation, wali band futhi - ngoba ezihlukahlukene iziphethu nezintwa kagesi imishini izingxenye.