Bird Izimpaphe: izinhlobo, izici kwesakhiwo

izimpaphe - a cutaneous uphondo kumiswa. Bavele la magciwane phakathi kwemvelo. Isinyathelo NjengoJesu ezincwadini indiza.

Isakhiwo ngepeni

Ngo oyiyo Kwehlukanisa titfo ezimbili: induku, noma isiqu, futhi fan. Ingxenye engezansi induku is uqweqwe ngensimbi. Ngaphakathi kuwo womile izicubu keratinized.

Fan siqukethe Amagatsha oda kuqala, okuyinto anamekwe induku. Futhi, isakhiwo of the esibayeni inikeza khona umyalelo wesibili ka enameva ukuthi Banamathele Amagatsha oda kuqala. Basuke ahlelwe perpendicular yokugcina. Ziyakwazi izingwegwe ekhethekile, noma cilia, ngawo wonke enameva uvalwe esigaxe ndawonye.

Izilevu aqukethe izingqimba ezimbili. Kwangaphandle ngokuthi Horny, kanye kwangaphakathi - ubuchopho. It is eyakhelwe lamaseli omisiwe efile ne iinthombe air Bubbles. Ifomu yenkukhu feather and lingakanani zingase zihluke, kodwa isimiso yokulandelana kwayo ngokohlu ihlale ifana njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.

Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba la nezimpaphe?

izilwane Okokuqala, owaya uhlobo ezifanayo isikhumba, baba ezidla izibankwakazi Sinosauropteryx. Uma uyikha phezulu le, imizimba yabo ukuwo fluff fibrous. Izimpaphe okokuqala kuyiqiniso uvele Caudipteryx futhi Microraptor. Kwezimpaphe zezinyoni ophilayo namuhla babe isakhiwo efanayo kwesihenqo lezi zilwane lasendulo.

izinhlobo izimpaphe

Abakwazi ahlukaniswe abe amaqembu ezinhlanu eziseqhulwini:

• coverts;
• primaries;
• eziqondisa;
• phansi;
• ekhethekile.

Asithathe kubo ukuze.

coverts

Lezi izimpaphe ukumboza wonke umzimba, enika ke umumo ovikelekile. Kuye indawo umzimba wale nyoni, bona ingahlukaniswa ehlombe, intamo, parietal, amaphiko, nadhvostovye, goiter, ibele, isisu coverts izimpaphe, tibia, amancane, aphakathi nendawo kanye ezinkulu coverts izimpaphe.

Coverts zitholakala kulo lonke komzimba inyoni ukuze imbricate. Basebenta futhi umsebenzi ukushisa-zokuzivikela, kusukela ungqimba okuyinto akha cishe ayihambisi emoyeni.

primaries

Lezi izimpaphe zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili:

• Yilo umyalo wokuqala;
• oda yesibili.

Izimpaphe indiza made futhi iqonde. Isibonelo esikhulu sale - a quill, wabhala ukuthi ezinsukwini zakudala.

Izimpaphe indiza ye-oda kuqala anamekwe ngemuva ibhulashi inyoni. Lezi izimpaphe letinkhulu. Ukuthi ahlinzeke lift , futhi ngemva kwayo ngesikhathi indiza. Inani izibaya ezinjalo ngokuvamile 10-15 amayunithi. Ngakho, abamele lesiqophamithi umndeni kukhona 10 izimpaphe eyinhloko oda wokuqala, kusukela amadada - 11-12, futhi kwezinye Grebe - amaningi njengoba 17. Isibonelo kubukeka ukubhakuzisa kanjani ihansi feather:

Flight kwezimpaphe oda yesibili anamekwe kwesikhumba ulna. Bakha sihlobene kobuso iphiko. Basuke izimpawu usayizi ezincane kuno izimpaphe ukuze kuqala.

Inombolo yabo ingase futhi ibe khona ehlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, hummingbird eziyisithupha kuphela, kodwa abanye abameleli umndeni albatross - 37.

Kufanele futhi ukugqamisa iphiko okuthiwa. Leli qoqo izimpaphe ezincane, okuyinto anamekwe umunwe kuqala. Inombolo yabo ngokuvamile 3-4 izingcezu, ngezinye izikhathi - 6.

eliphethe

Le nyoni kwezimpaphe umsila. Banjengemafu Makhov, kodwa nezimo xaxa. Futhi izimpaphe umsila kungaba hhayi kuphela ngokuqondile, kodwa lwalugobile. Ngosizo lwabo, inyoni eshintsha isiqondiso indiza, umsila ezihambayo bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene. Ngokuvamile zitholakala izimpaphe enjalo ilandelana kancane arched transverse.

phansi

Leli qembu zingahlukaniswa zibe subgroups ezimbili: langempela downy izimpaphe phansi. Down izimpaphe babe izikhonkwane eside ezingaphezu kuka fluff. Nokho, enameva yabo musa abanamathela fan. Fluff has a kancane athuthukile induku esithambile. Izilevu nalo waziphatha fan.

Futhi phansi, phansi izimpaphe asetshenziselwa zihlale zifudumele. Ziyakwazi ngaphansi nentaba. Lapho amaphuphu amabhu kuphela, banayo fluff kuphela, coverts sikhule kamuva.

ekhethekile

Lezi izibaya akunakubangelwa Intshebe, ubuciko, kistochkovye, pudretki.

Intshebe - kuyinto izimpaphe, okuyinto baye baphelelwa enameva. Babebona induku kuphela. Basuke etholakala uqhwaku lenyoni futhi enze umsebenzi ethintekayo. Futhi izimpaphe encane elingenalo enameva ingase ibe ku Isivalo kanye emakhaleni.

Ukuhlobisa - ezihlukahlukene ukushintshwa izimpaphe nentaba. Babonakala ngesikhathi kokuzalela.

Kistochkovye - kungcono izimpaphe nge elide, induku mncane futhi anemifantu, adhesion abampofu komunye nomunye. Basuke etholakala ngokuvamile emhlabeni imbobo okukhipha uwoyela indlala.

Pudretki - uhlobo izimpaphe okhethekile, enameva ezimila kuphela, ziwohloke. Ngenxa yalokho, lo powder is kwakhiwa ukumboza nezinye izimpaphe ungqimba elincanyana. It okudingekayo ukuze abenze amanzi.

Yini enquma umbala?

Kwezimpaphe zezinyoni ezahlukene ingase ibe ezihlukahlukene kakhulu imibala. Zonke incike inani zombala ezithile. Umbala izimpaphe kulawulwa izinto ezinjalo:

• carotenoid;
• porphyrins;
• melanin.

Zombala neqembu lokuqala ukukhiqiza orange, shades ophuzi, obomvu pink. Lezi izinto siguqulelwa inyoni nezinsiba ukudla ibusa. Uma kukhona imikhiqizo enganele equkethe krotinoidov, izimpaphe zalo Ungashintsha grey ekudleni isilwane.

Porphyrins ukukhiqiza anemibala oluhlaza.

Melanin kwakhiwa umbala ensundu black izimpaphe. Bangaphinde ukudala ezinye shades of yellow.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibala inyoni kungaya hhayi kuphela sombala eziqukethwe izimpaphe, kodwa isakhiwo se-Amagatsha oda lokuqala nelesibili. Kuye indlela enameva zitholakala futhi wahlela, izimpaphe kubonise yelanga nge banemibono engafani. Ngakho, izimpaphe uyokhanya elangeni.

Kusukela ukukhiqizwa zombala amaningi emzimbeni ngoMthetho inyoni isibindi, ushintsho umbala kungase kubonise izifo ezithile, njenge-chlamydia, uvithamini A ukuntula, zinc ngokweqile kanye nabanye.

Indlela banakekele izinyoni nezimpaphe?

Lokhu izinyoni umsebenzi achithe amahora angaba mabili ngosuku.

Hlanza izimpaphe abangakwenza ngezindlela eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, bystroletayuschie izinyoni ezifana umthamo amahlolamvula, tern, kuthiwa bacwilisa emanzini on the fly. Ezinye oswakanyiswe izimpaphe kwakhe amanzi emvula. Futhi ukunakekela izinyoni kungathatha uthuli nokugeza.

Susa izinto zangaphandle sibhajwe izimpaphe, inyoni usebenzisa umlomo.

Kukhona ejenti esikhethekile azidlulisele kuyaqina izimpaphe futhi uqede Amagciwane. Lena amanoni ikhishwe preen ndlala wezinyoni. inyoni Okokuqala silisebenzise ezinyaweni zakhe, abese wagcoba ngezidladla bakhe phansi.

Ukuze zokukhipha igciwane izibaya, ezinye izinyoni ngokukhethekile izidleke elimazayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo emzimbeni lenyoni uthola formic acid. Kuyasiza ukuqeda izilokazane ezincane kanye nezinye izimuncagazi ezihlala kule izimpaphe.

Isiphetho: izimpaphe-Champions

Izimpaphe elide kakhulu ezitholakala izinyoni, njengama-zokuhlobisa amaqhude Japanese. Ubude yabo ingaphezu 5 amamitha. Basuke esisogwini umsila.

Futhi, izimpaphe eside inama Argus - inyoni, efana peacock. Izimpaphe ezimbili phakathi ku umsila wayo kuze 150 cm ubude.

Izinyoni nge izimpaphe amahle kakhulu ungakwazi kubhekwe lamaphigaga. izimpaphe zawo ubukeka sibonga colorful isakhiwo olukhethekile enameva zesisila abonisa ukukhanya.

Ngisho phakathi izinyoni amahle kakhulu kanye nezinsiba kungenziwa ngokuthi ipharadesi. Izimpaphe zawo kungaba imibala ehlukene. A izimpaphe umsila kungaba ubude zahlukahlukene kakhulu nomumo. Ngokwesibonelo, bangase basonta simise Kuvunguza.