Bakelite - yini lento, iziphi izakhiwo zalo?

Bakelite - kuyini? Material ingenye izinhlobo endala ka amapulasitiki akhiwa abantu. It is etholwe ushintsha uba yileli phenols ne-formaldehyde inhlaka, ebukhoneni alikhali. Ngaphandle, indaba ingase ngandlela-thile zifane inhlaka, iraba kanzima, Celluloid ngisho lendlovu.

Ukusungulwa kwe-Bakelite

Bakelite - yini lento? Umqondo ukwakha ezisindayo-duty, plastic-non-oluvuthayo wafika umsunguli Belgian Leo Bakelandu emuva ngo-1909. Kwaphela isikhathi eside into isetshenziswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo izindawo zezimboni. Kamuva, isisindo ukukhanya namandla kakhulu Bakelite wakhonza izakhiwo njengoba esihle kakhulu Ochwepheshe enkulu ekwakhekeni ubucwebe engabizi.

Special impahla funa ekuqaleni abazange bayisebenzise. Kuphela 40s kwekhulu elidlule ngenxa ukunwetshwa abalulekile le palette color, Bakelite waqala zidonse ukunaka kwanoma izinkampani eziningi ukuthi ngokukhethekile womshini ubucwebe kanye ezihlukahlukene izesekeli yasendlini.

Ngemva kwempi, funa unqabile kancane kule Bakelite. Kwase kuzoqala igagasi elisha ukuthandwa impahla weza in the 80s, lapho umhlobiso bakelite futhi ezazidingeka, kubangelwe Abaklami American. Ikakhulukazi, iqoqo elikhulu Bakelite imigexo kwadingeka umdwebi odumile futhi filmmaker Endi Uorhola, ngemva kokufa imiphi imikhiqizo ngabe ethengiswe endalini isamba irekhodi ngesikhathi.

Namuhla, ukunakekela Bakelite njengendlela namandla high, engasindi kakhulu futhi izinto textured Nokho namanje sezingeni eliphezulu, njengoba amanani ayo.

Kanjani ukukhiqiza Bakelite

A ingxube formalin nge phenols ebukhoneni i kulethe alikhali noma acid yakha bakelite. Kuyini lokhu? Ekhuluma formalin ke okulungiselelwe namachibi of methanol ezingeni lokushisa 650 ° ^C ngaphansi khona kulethe ngesimo esiliva. Enye ingxenye Bakelite - phenol ekhiqizwa ngokhuni, imikhiqizo lignite Peat ka uwoyela.

Izithako Bakelite batheleka amafomu ezikhethekile, futhi eliwu 80 ^C. eluhlaza umkhiqizo "Bakelite A" ngaso ekamelweni lokushisa has izakhiwo afana rosin.

Ukuze ugweme kumiswa Bubbles kanye izimbotshana ekwakhekeni Bakelite okokusebenza polymerized at ukuphakama ingcindezi ezingeni eziphindwe mayelana 8. Lapho polymerization Bakelite izigubhu esivaliwe, ingcindezi edingekayo ibangelwa uqobo.

Bakelite - izakhiwo impahla

Bakelite kuyinto okuhlala, impahla eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ukuthi iba infusible, ifomu zingaxazululeki ngaphansi kwethonya Ukushisa isikhathi eside. Material kahle encibilikayo otshwaleni. Ngakho-ke, lokhu impahla asebenzisa ngayo ngokuphumelelayo ukwenziwa lacquers bakelite.

Indaba has a enamathela okuhlala. Bakelite kuyinto umqhubi kakhulu ngenxa yokushisa nokungcola ubuso bayo umelana nokuhuzuka ingcindezi. Machining ka Bakelite zingenziwa kwi lathe.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, indaba has ukumelana amakhemikhali ezonakalisayo. Ukuxolela kuphela bagxila izixazululo of nitric acid kanye sulfuric acid.

Ngokwemvelo, njenganoma iyiphi enye impahla, it has nezihibe futhi bakelite. Kuyini lokhu? Okokuqala, kuyafaneleka kwabantu futhi brittleness okwandisiwe impahla. Izinto ngesisekelo etholwe Bakelite okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, okuqukethwe ngokuphelele engafanele ukwenziwa Amagobolondo electronic yesimanje.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Bakelite kuyalimaza ngenxa yokuba khona lichaza ekwakheni formaldehyde kanye nezinye izingxenye eziningi ezinobuthi. Kulesi sisekelo, kungenzeka usebenzisa indaba nakweminye imikhakha yezimboni luyohlala lunjalo kakhulu.

Indlela ukuhlukanisa lwangempela kusukela Bakelite inkohliso?

Bakelite - kuyini? Okokuqala, impahla libhekene izakhiwo ezibalulekile ezifana weathering ukumelana, acid Kwe-dielectric Heating kakhulu, futhi kulula ukusebenza athutha.

Naphezu lonke eningi liphinyiselwe izakhiwo esasenza izinto, ngokuvamile, kukhona elinegazi. Nokho, zikhona izindlela eziningana efakazelwe ezikuvumela ukuhlukanisa kukhona uhlobo plastic kusukela mbumbulu:

1. Icubungula emuva ebusweni Bakelite yasendlini wezindlu ngempela kuholela okuvela patina obonakalayo njengoba ibala aphuzi.
2. Imiphumela emanzini bakelite ashisayo kubangela iphunga eyinqaba, ukunambitheka kancane okusikhumbuza camphor.

Empeleni, yenza Bakelite inkohliso ulula. Uma kukhona isethi ezithile zamakhemikhali impahla nabavoti mbumbulu zingenziwa ekhaya. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sokuhlola futhi eduze kuphela, kuhlolisiswe kuyacaca ukuthi into lingagunyaziwe.

imihlobiso yokukhiqiza Bakelite

Ingabe Bakelite elimazayo? Lezi zinkinga banikwa sezingcweti eziningi kakhulu abanquma bahlanganyele ekwakhekeni ubucwebe. Ngesikhathi ukubonakala impahla, ukuphepha ukusetshenziswa kwalo kuphakamisa ukungabaza. Nokho, Okwamanje, ukubunjwa Bakelite elingenalo anobuthi, engase izinto eziyingozi. Yingakho namuhla imfashini ngakho ukusebenzisa lolu uhlaka ukukhiqizwa ubucwebe.

Kukhona nabathakathi ezisetshenziswa ukwenziwa imigexo bakelite igobolondo zikagesi ezindala. Ngokuvamile, le ndlela yokukhiqiza, imihlobiso umthengi waxwayisa ukuthi ivelaphi.

Izindleko imikhiqizo Bakelite

Uma sikhuluma izindleko Bakelite imigexo ke incike yinkimbinkimbi ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo, iqoqo ukubaluleka negunya umenzi. Ngokuvamile, bakelite imigexo abamnyama, oluhlaza, iris imibala ungathenga ngentengo ephansi.