Arkhipova Irina Konstantinova: Biography, izithombe, kanye nempilo yakho, amadoda. Vladislav Piavko futhi Irina Arkhipova

Irina Arkhipova - opera umculi, owawina lo emangalisayo mezzo-soprano futhi Umculi Yabantu kweSoviet Union, uthisha, isikhulumi kanye isibalo somphakathi. Kungaba ngempela kumelwe ibhekwe njengezwe gugu lesizwe yeRussia, ngoba brilliant ukucula isipho Arkhipova futhi embulungeni yonke yobuntu bakhe akupheli.

Lo mcimbi oyinhloko, okuyinto esiye sabhekana nalo ekuphileni kwakhe Arkhipova Irina Konstantinova, umyeni avela kuye lo oculayo, impumelelo yakhe umculo nomphakathi imisebenzi - namuhla indaba yethu ngalo mama omangalisayo. Kwamanye izimiso kwangaphakathi wahlala opera Queen kweSoviet Union, futhi ngenxa yalokho waba babexabana kanye nabakhulu Galina Vishnevskaya? Izimpendulo yonke le mibuzo kuyotholakala esihlokweni sethu.

zasebuntwaneni

Irina Arkhipova - Umculi, biography olwaqala ngo eMoscow. Le ntombazane wazalelwa ngoJanuwari 1925 emndenini wabantu ezihlakaniphile zomculo kakhulu. Uyise - unjiniyela Konstantin Vetoshkin - kwaba umuntu emangalisayo yokudala, wayewazi zomculo ezine - upiyano, balalaika, isiginci, mandolin. Lokhu ukuzinikela umculo ayesuka endulo Vetoshkin uhlobo. Uma abazali nomndeni ngoKonstantin kwakukhona band umndeni. Umama Arkhipova - Evdokia Efimovna Galda - sang ngesikhathi Bolshoi Theatre. Irina K. uthi: "Umama wajabula kakhulu ngezwi elihle kakhulu nge timbre elithambile, Ubaba njalo abatshazwe ithalente lakhe. Abazali nabathandwayo uya amakhonsathi, opera, i-ballet. " umculo Phila kukhala njalo ekhaya sabazali, Irene wakuzwa kusukela ebuntwaneni.

Abazali wazama ukuyifundisa imfundo ezibanzi Yiqiniso, uthando lomculo namadodakazi. Mangisho ukuthi Irene wayephiwe inhlakanipho ingane ezintweni eziningi - watshengisa ithalente ngomdwebo, ukucula kahle. Wanquma baqeqeshe e umculo esikoleni eMoscow Conservatory ngo upiyano. Nokho, imfundo kwadingeka ukuba uphazamiseke - ngokuzumayo intombazane wagula futhi wayengakwazi ukuya. Kamuva, u-Irina futhi wenza umzamo ukuya ezweni umculo - wabhalisela esikoleni yaqanjwa Gnesin nodade futhi ngagxila nge Olga Fabianovny Gnessina. Kanye amakilasi upiyano Irina Konstantinova wayecula ekwayeni esikoleni.

Kukhethwa mkhakha

Bazali, yebo, waqonda ukuthi indodakazi yabo ine lomculo, kodwa sasingababonayo amandla linombono wokuthi ukucula akuyona umsebenzi engcono, okuvumela ezinhle ukuba bazohlala ukuphila. Kungakhathaliseki ibhizinisi wezakhiwo umsebenzi, ubani Arkhipova kwakungafanele ikhono emba eqolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Irina Konstantinova njalo abatshazwe imisebenzi abadumile abesifazane Okugweda NJENGOBA Golubkina VI Fly futhi ngokungathi sína mayelana nendlela ukuxhuma ukuphila kwakhe nge izakhiwo.

Impi wenze lokukhetha Irina Konstantinova. Vetoshkin umndeni zayiswa Tashkent. Kukhona diva esizayo wangena Institute Architectural, okuyinto kwenzakala esiningi ngengozi e Tashkent, e esiphuthumayo. Parallel kokutadisha, Arkhipova Irina Konstantinova wahlanganyela studio vocal e-Institute. Uthisha wakhe Nadezhda Malysheva, labavulekela ezweni umfundi zomculo, simazi kangcono ubuciko opera. Ngokusho iningi Iriny Arhipovoy, okungukuthi Hope Matveevna ekuqaleni wafingqa umfundi ukuba incazelo enembile umculo, ukufunda ukuzizwa ifomu kanye nokuqukethwe, ukuhlangabezana romance kanye opera izincwadi.

Ngaphakathi kwezindonga Institute of Architecture isingathwe ukusebenza kuqala phambi kwezilaleli Iriny Arhipovoy. Mangisho ukuthi umculo kanye yaseshashalazini abahlonishwayo phakathi kokubili othisha nabafundi of the nyuvesi kanye lezi amakhonsathi wawuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila umfundi.

Ngo-1948, u-Irina Arkhipova bavikela ngokuthi "omuhle kakhulu" idiploma yephrojekthi kwasakazwa the studio yezakhiwo, okuyinto bekwi-amaphrojekthi eMoscow. Nge iqhaza Iriny Arhipovoy izindlu Kwamiswa ngesikhathi Yaroslavl onguthelawayeka. Moscow lwezezimali Institute yayakhiwe iphrojekthi yayo.

umsebenzi Ukucula. ekuqaleni

Ngo-1948 e-Moscow Conservatory kwaba okungabizi kusihlwa amakilasi, futhi u-Irina, ushiya umsebenzi wezakhiwo, wafika onyakeni wokuqala lesikhungo ku Umculi isigaba RSFSR leonid Savransky. Ngo-1951, lo oculayo seziqalile ukusetshenziswa wakhe emsakazweni. Ngo-1954, u-Irina Arkhipova bashintshele imfundo esigcwele, okuyinto zathatha iholide ngezindleko zakhe siqu. Wayekholelwa ngobuqotho ukuthi ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu uzobuyela ibhizinisi lokwakha, kodwa akwenzekanga lokho. Irina Konstantinova lolungenamaphutsa bavikela mqondo wakhe nge-honours wadlula ukuhlolwa isimo, ngangenela esikoleni iziqu. Ngeshwa, isampuli hhayi wadlulela Bolshoi Theatre.

Ngo-1954, u-Irina Arkhipova kuhanjiswe ku Sverdlovsk, lapho iminyaka, uye wasebenza endlini opera. Kwaqale kwafika ukuthandwa umculi, lapho wafumana Sombimbi ngoba vocal. Ukuthatha Prix Omkhulu mncintiswano umculo, mina baye banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo ayeke khona, u-Irina Arkhipova. Biography ukuthuthukiswa wakhe wokudala waqhubeka nomsebenzi ekhonsathini emadolobheni Russian. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, esikhathini esizayo opera inkanyezi kwaba eLeningrad. It wenziwa kakhulu ngempumelelo qophelo Maly Theatre, ngemva kwalokho wathenjiswa ukuhlala enhlokodolobha kwamasiko. Nokho, konke kusenjalo ngemiyalo yezikhulu Ministry of Culture Arkhipov wayiswa eMoscow. Kusukela ngo-March 1956, nenombolo esemthethweni Irina Konstantinova ku Bolshoi Theatre.

Umsebenzi ngesikhathi Bolshoi Theatre

Elokuqala-Ephreli wonyaka ofanayo wabona DEBUT of Iriny Arhipovoy ngesikhathi Bolshoi Theatre - kuba yimpumelelo enkulu ngaleso opera Zhorzha Bize sika "UCarmen". umlingani wakhe esiteji kwaba Bulgarian Tenor okukhulu Lubomir Bodurov. Yiqiniso, lo career ye actress abasha Ezifuna, kwaba ube esejika. Irina Arkhipova, biography lokusungula olwaqala eminyakeni eminingana edlule, akazange abe nesikhathi ukusebenza ngesikhathi Bolshoi Theatre kanye ngonyaka. Futhi manje ayenakho indima yokuhola opera grand.

Njengoba Uyakhumbula Irina Arkhipova mayelana naleso sikhathi: "Yonke imicabango yami kwakuhlezi kuphela eyodwa - ukulungiselela kanye nokwenza kahle emdlalweni. Ngokusho ebusheni bakhe kanye nokungazi ukuphila, Ngangingazi ukuthi kufanele wesabe Akukhona ukubukeka lokuqala esiteji. Kufanele qaphela DEBUT yakhe ukubukeka kwaba njengoba ukusebenza soloist ka "UCarmen". Kimina, kwakubonakala ukuthi lena iphethini lelula - okokuqala e Elikhulu kanye indima isihloko. Angikhumbuli ukuthi lokhu awufani neminye. "

Ngo-May 1959 emkhakheni Iriny Arhipovoy kwaba esinye isenzakalo esibalulekile - yena wahlabelela omunye izindima zakhe ozithandayo in the play "Khovanshchina" by Mussorgsky - Marfa.

ukuqashelwa international

Ngo-June 1959, e-USSR uhambo Tenor Mario Del Monaco e-Italy ayehlelwe. Opera umculi wathatha ingxenye in a ukusebenza "UCarmen" futhi yaba umlingani Iriny Arhipovoy endaweni yesehlakalo. Ukufika kwakhe eSoviet Union kwaba an amazing isenzakalo ezenzeka emphakathini. Duo ngenkanyezi izwe libe khona umcimbi eyaphumela umsebenzi okudala Irina Arkhipova savula umnyango wokuba kwakhe ukuthandwa emhlabeni wonke. TV nasemsakazweni ukusebenza e-Europe ukuthi ubé neqhaza kulokho ukuqashelwa osheshayo ithalenta Queen Russian ka-Opera. Arkhipova Irina Konstantinova, isithombe usathola kude ezinoqwembe yaseSoviet yokuthuthela omagazini, akazange abe nesikhathi ukuthatha umsebenzi eminingi inikeza zivela kwamanye amazwe.

Wayefuna ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokubambisana Mario Del Monaco emadolobheni Italian. By the way, kwaba ukusebenza lokuqala umculi Russian at esiteji Italian emlandweni opera Soviet. Irina Arkhipova isinyathelo njengephayona ekugqugquzeleni kazwelonke opera esikoleni eNtshonalanga. Ngokushesha kwaba ukuqeqeshwa kuqala labahlabeleli abasha baseSoviet Italy mhlawumbe - Milashkina, Vedernikov, Nikitin nabanye.

Ujwayele Vustmanom futhi Caballe

Ehlobo lika-1963, u-Irina Arkhipova waya IJapane, lapho wanika 14 amakhonsathi emadolobheni amaningi yezwe. Ngo-1964, umculi ukwenziwa esiteji "iScala" in the ukusebenza: "Boris Godunov" (Marina Mnishek), "Impi Nokuthula" (Elen Bezuhovoy Party), "Indlovukazi Spades" (Pauline). Irine Arhipovoy futhi bakwazi ukuvakashela olwandle - wayechitha a ukuvela ambalwa e-United States. ENew York, umculi wahlangana noJohn Vustmanom - wopiyano ezaziwayo, nabo ayeloba disc nge imisebenzi by Rachmaninov futhi Mussorgsky ngesikhathi ngokuqinile "Melody". Ukubambisana waklonyeliswa Grand Prix "Golden Orpheus" eFrance. By the way, John Vustman baba Arkhipova umngane zokudala iminyaka eminingi.

Siyabonga emkhosini owawuba eningizimu yeFrance, u-Irina Konstantinova wahlangana Montserrat Caballe futhi kwaba ngendlela emangalisayo bamangale nge indlela enesizotha liziphatha inkanyezi emhlabeni. "Ngesikhathi umsebenzi wethu ku play" Il Trovatore "Montserrat akakaze avumele ukuba ekhuthalele" bobukhosi 'emkhayeni. Kuye kwaba njalo unake ozakwabo esiteji, ngaphandle abacindezela phi of them inkazimulo yakhe. ukuziphatha kwakhe ulifakazela ngokuphindaphindiwe iqiniso eliyisisekelo - umculi omkhulu ukuze akukho okungokwethu - ngokuba uthi ubuciko, ikhono lakho siqu kanye nekhono elikhulu ukusebenza ".

ukuphila Siqu

umsebenzi Active zokudala akubi isithiyo injabulo umculi. Opera diva wazama izikhathi eziningana ukuze baqale umndeni. Amadoda Iriny Arhipovoy kwakungekaNkulunkulu emibuthanweni professional ezahlukene. umyeni Okokuqala Irina Konstantinovna kwaba Evgeny Arkhipov, okwathi ngo-1947 wabeletha indodana yakhe u-Andreya. Nokho, umshado maduze waphela. umyeni Okwesibili avela kuye lo oculayo waqala nawozakwabo. Irina Arkhipova futhi Pyavko Vladislav - tenor operatic - elalihlangana ezindongeni Bolshoi Theatre. Uma lokhu ubuhlobo yayihloselwe isiphetho engajabule kodwa a baxgeki yenu, namacebo enu siphazamile e izibikezelo.

Ngokusho kwezihlobo zika-eSoviet opera umculi, wayeselahlekelwe emshadweni. Life Irina Konstantinovna ngaphandle lokusungula wagcwala injabulo eyengeziwe ekupheni nowesifazane. Vladislav Piavko futhi Irina Arkhipova bekipitile engaphezu kwamashumi amane. Nakuba ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantu ababili abanamakhono owaqala ngokuvukela kungamanyala mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo sifundwe hhayi nje eSoviet Union, kodwa futhi ngalé. Ukungqubuzana kwezinhloso Iriny Arhipovoy futhi Galina Vishnevskaya - eyodwa ngisho prima we Bolshoi Theatre - waphula nje ngenxa abasha ethembisa kakhulu opera umculi - Vladislav Piavko. Imininingwane nehlazo yaziwa sibonga umphakathi ukuba Irina Konstantinova eshicilelwe indaba encwadini umlingani (Vladislav Piavko) "Tenor: kusukela zemihla ekuphileni kwabo kwangaphambili ...".

Futhi konke kwenzeka kanje. Lapho umculi sifisa uvele nje embundwini Bolshoi Theatre, ngokushesha waqala ukubheka Galina Vishnevskaya, kodwa cishe hhayi njengoba indoda kodwa njengoba fan ithalente lakhe elikhulu. Vladislav ngamunye wathumela kuye babeza besuka eRiga lenqwaba clove, okuyinto touted Tenor Galina Pavlovna njengophawu wokwenama kanye nenhlonipho enkulu kakhulu futhi engenamkhawulo. Lapho ethiyetha weza Irina Arkhipova, Piavko ngokuzumayo "esitshalweni" kuso. Lo mculi wakwenza kwacaca le ndoda ibone ukuthi akazange aphume, ngisho noma nje ngoba wayengumuntu eziningi ezingaphansi kuka-Irene. Nokho, lokhu akuzange kumenze abe nyamanambana fan, futhi eminye kuphela amenze.

Le nguqulo esemthethweni ukuxabana we Divas ezimbili opera baba nengxabano yawo phezu iqhaza ukusebenza efanayo, kodwa imbangela ukungqubuzana kweqiniso wayengeyena zokusebenza kanye siqu. Phakathi kwabesifazane kwakukhona ingxoxo kanzima, ngesikhathi lapho Arkhipov abuboniswa nokungabaza ngamazwi abo. Ngakho kangangokuba, ukuthi Galina Vishnevskaya ubhale Arkhipov isitatimende ekomidini party. Owesifazane okuthiwa emhlanganweni party befuna ukuxolisa. Arkhipova ahlinzekwa ukuxolisa kuphela ifomu, wenqaba siyaxolisa okuqukethwe. Lo mhlangano wekomidi party futhi wonke.

Ngokushesha prima zokuthumela le Bolshoi Theatre kanye Vladislav Piavko lwaziwe kwabanye. Ngaphansi kokucindezela laseSiberia inkani amadoda Irina Arkhipova owayethuthumela. Futhi isiphetho ngokuqinisekile esadlala indima ebalulekile lapha.

Vladislav Piavko futhi Irina Arkhipova kwadingeka kakhulu ngobudala, owayeneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha ubudala. singers Ushadile ozalwa kungekho abantwana ndawonye, kodwa kakade Vladislav wasezala ezine. Irina Arkhipova kwaba uwukuphela kwendodana Andrew. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile i opera diva umzukulu ozelwe u-Andrew, kamuva iziqu Conservatory waba umculi we Bolshoi Theatre. Andrei ngesikhathi sakhe saba nendodakazi, u-Irina, okuthiwa kokushona kukagogo wakhe odumile. Ngeshwa, omkhulu Irina Arkhipova waphila isikhathi eside ukudlula indodana yakhe iminyaka emine.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Iriny Arhipovoy umsebenzi njengoba isibalo somphakathi owaqala ngokuvukela ukungabuyeli njengoba ilungu amajaji ku Tchaikovsky Umncintiswano ngo-1966. Kwabe sekulandela usihlalo mncintiswano Glinka, iqhaza ezithangamini eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe, njenge "Verdi izwi" ku-Queen Elizabeth Umncintiswano eBelgium, imincintiswano vocal eParis futhi Munich, emncintiswaneni we UMaria Callas kanye Francisco Vinas eGreece Spain ngokulandelana.

Kusukela ngo-1986, Arkhipov iyinhloko All-Union Musical Society ngaleso sikhathi, kamuva uqambe kabusha International Union of Abaculi. Eminyakeni 90, u-Irina Arkhipova kwaba usihlalo wekomiti emncintiswaneni yaqanjwa Bulbul, yaqondaniswa nge engu-100 kwasungulwa kokuzalwa umculi e-Azerbaijan. Ngo-1993, igama ekhethekile Iriny Arhipovoy Foundation yasungulwa ngo eMoscow, olusekela kakhulu umculi Olufufusayo. Nokho, imisebenzi emikhulu Arkhipova akugcini ngemboni yomculo. Irina Konstantinova uhlanganyela congresses ehlukahlukene symposia ka wenziwa emhlabeni wonke, lapho sibhekene nezinkinga global lesintu.

ukuphakama kwalo emphilweni Irina Arkhipova wenza ngenxa yomsebenzi titanic, ukukhuthazela, nothando mkhakha. Lona wesifazane - into ehlukile. Ngaphezu zonke izinkomba ngenhla umsebenzi, kuba - isisebenzi okukhulu.

Arkhipova - Hero of Socialist Labour, Prize ka State Prize of Russia ufuna ukukhanya, owawina uMklomelo eMoscow City Hall ezincwadini nezobuciko. umsebenzi wayo kuphawulwa International Prize Foundation of St Andrew. Esikhathini zobungoma piggy bank Irina Konstantinovna ezintathu oda we Lenin, Order of Red Banner WezabaSebenzi, Order "Ukuze Merit". Lo mculi waklonyeliswa Cross St. Mihaila Tverskogo, timphawu "Ngokuba umusa nothando," igama Pushkin wasebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Irina Arkhipova, Umculi a Yabantu bamazwe amaningana - Kyrgyzstan, Bashkortostan futhi Udmurtia. Irina Konstantinova linanezincwadi degrees eziningana zokuhlonipha - "Indoda Yonyaka", "Muntu Century", "Unkulunkulukazi ubuciko."

Arkhipova. Ngubani yena?

Ngonyaka lokuzalwa kwakhe ayisishiyagalombili, u-Irina Arkhipova kwaxoxwa by izintatheli izvestia.ru, okuyinto wabelane izinkumbulo nemigomo yawo yokuphila. Lo mculi uthe umsebenzi wakhe ekhungathekisayo zomculo uye ngabhekana nobunzima. Arkhipova ngaso sonke isikhathi ukucula engangikufuna. wayevame kwadingeka ukuba enze ekamelweni Uhlelo umculo lokuba matasa okuthile. Arkhipova Irina Konstantinova, biography lokusungula esesikhundleni lenqwaba amaqiniso kanye nemicimbi, zokuthile namanje uyazisola. Yayingasiphethe ukuzicula esigabeni "Maid of Orleans."

By endleleni, ngo Arkhipova wayengekho abashisekeli enamandla, akuzange kube ozithandayo lothile. Abantu wamthanda ngoba ithalente lakhe, futhi kwakwanele. Irina Arkhipova ngokuvamile ukubeka phambili amalungu ePhalamende ngaphandle kolwazi wakhe, engekho. Akazange simelane futhi wazama ukubasiza kumalungu zakhe, kuka ayengakwenza. Empeleni saba ukuxazulula inkinga izindlu. By the way, ngokuvumelana umculi, the Supreme Soviet njalo wahlangana nabantu ehloniphekile. Irina Arkhipova wahlela ukwakhiwa isonto phezu Prokhorovka zasendle, ezikhona usenikeze imali eningi.

Kancane ngawe

Owesifazane ngokuqiniseka uthi ukuthi ngadonsa ithikithi ngokuwina ekuphileni kwakhe. Yena kwakufanele emangalisayo abazali, abangane nezihlobo. Uhlale wenza lokho bathandile; Ngangihamba njalo lamazwe; Ngahlangana nabantu esivelele yesimanjemanje yakhe; Ngizizwa uthando kubalandeli yomsebenzi wakhe. Futhi ukuphila kwami konke wazizwa kunesidingo. Arkhipova njalo abantu bebengazama ukuphila ngokuvumelana nalesi simiso: 'Kungakhathaliseki yobudala ohlala kulo - ngesinye isikhathi akuyona ngawe. Ngakho manje kubalulekile ukwenza okuthile eyoshiya uphawu izinhliziyo zabantu iminyaka eminingi ezayo ngenxa yalokhu. " Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi nje wajabula owesifazane Irina Arkhipova. ukuphila Siqu ke isungule futhi ziye zaba ziningi futhi egcwele. Uyambonga ozakwethu ngoba zonke. Ngamunye wabo owesifazane wafunda okuthile. Irina Arkhipova nomyeni wakhe baye ngaphezulu njalo kuka zohlala. Babengabangane.

Ngesinye isikhathi owesifazane ukusiza ukuba umzukulu wakhe Andrei Arkhipov wafika Bolshoi Theatre. Kodwa hhayi nje ngoba isihlobo sakhe. Umculi awazange abone e Andryusha omkhulu ithalente lakhe zomculo.

Mayelana yena wathi ubunjalo eziyinkimbinkimbi wakhe, futhi ayizithokozisi wonke umuntu - the Arkhipova njalo waba yini nomkhuba ziyotshela abantu iqiniso ebusweni. Kule kuvame ukubhekwa njengophawu nokhahlo. Futhi kwakungeyona ezinzima, kodwa nje uhluthuke. Ayikwazanga phuma futhi wenze isenzo amawala, okuyinto uzisole ngayo kamuva. Irina Arkhipova washona ngo-February 2010 lapho ngineminyaka engu-engu-85. Wabe wangcwatshwa eMoscow emathuneni Novodevichy.