Aphathimenti Museum of Dostoevsky eMoscow: ikheli, incazelo kanye isithombe

Ukudala F. M. Dostoevskogo, owachitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe elinezinkathazo wachitha Petersburg, uyazi futhi uyakwazisa umhlaba wonke. Umlobi omkhulu wazalelwa eMoscow futhi wakhulela khona. It yasungulwa ngo-1928 Aphathimenti Museum of Dostoevsky. Kuyaphawuleka kakhulu idale imvelo ayephila kuso a Fyodor kancane nabazali nabafowabo.

Uphi Museum

Emgwaqweni. Dostoevsky, d. 2, Aphathimenti elise Museum of Dostoevsky, ikheli lapho siye kakade waveza. ERussia zangaphambi wamavukelambuso kwakukhona esibhedlela Mariinsky abampofu, eyasungulwa umfazi ngasekupheleni Paul I. esiqinile classical isakhiwo itshe nge emphemeni eyakhelwe Gilardi futhi Mikhailov e 1806 kwi okusalungiswa Quarenghi. Ukhetho lwakhe namuhla Isibhedlela kancane washintsha. Nokho, kwakulokhu isikhungo sezokwelapha, okuyinto uvumelane Phthisiopneumology Research Institute kanye nomphakathi Russian phthisiologists. Street New Bozhedomka njengoba kuze 1954 yayibizwa ngokuthi Dostoevsky Street, etholakala maphakathi.

Ngabona umntwana Fedor

New Bozhedomka ekhulwini XIX kwakungelona indawo ehlonishwa. Kwaba endaweni kunalokho yesifundazwe ngaphandle le Boulevard Ring. Endlini uNkulunkulu waletha emgwaqeni ngokuzumayo utholakale eshonile, bashone ezehlakalweni zokuxabana noma ukuphanga, kanye ukuzibulala. Ngo kumgomo ezinjalo baphuthuma iziguli olubi noma olubi kakhulu, babo zikleliswe emigqeni emide. Ukuze Dostoevsky bazalwane, kwaba emehlweni ajwayelekile. Ephikisana abazali babo, bexhumana esixukwini esinesiyaluyalu. Ngesikhathi egcekeni esibhedlela Bozhedomka empilweni ezisencane Fyodor weza kubantu abampofu, "ululazekile futhi sithukwa". Yena washaqeka ikakhulukazi entsheni indaba amantombazane udlwenguliwe. Lesi siqephu yangempela ekuphileni wangena umsebenzi wakhe njengomprofethi isisusa engcolile ebuntwaneni bawona, wanyathelwa odakeni. Ngakho kusukela zisencane Fyodor wafunda ububele.

Kanjani uqala Museum

Ngemva kokufa Fyodor Mikhailovich ngo 1881 umkakhe, u-Anna waqala ngenkuthalo ukuqoqa wonke imibhalo, izincwadi, izincwadi, izithombe kanye izimpahla. Ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane izinto ezibekwe ngo-1889 e-egumbini we Historical Museum e Moscow. Kwakuwusuku inkumbulo Museum F. M. Dostoevskogo. Nokho, wehluleka ukuze zidonse ukunaka omphakathi jikelele, njengalokhu kuvela todvwa isuke endaweni yesikhumbuzo. Phakathi iziphepho wamavukelambuso, walahlekelwa imibhalo eminingi abangu. Ngakho, ke ayikaziwa lapho zokubhala kanye nokubuthelwa empini wesandla kule noveli "Abafowethu Karamazov." Wonke umuntu ukubuka indawo lapho esengumntwana nangesikhathi usakhula yomlobi esizayo, kwanqunywa ukuba adale indawo-Museum of Dostoevsky, futhi kwavulwa eMoscow ngo-1928.

Ukunqamula

Isibhedlela Mariinsky ngabampofu wasebenza njengoba inyanga, wangaphambili udokotela lempi Mikhail, uyise umkhaya omkhulu esikhathini esizayo. Okwamanje, e 1821, lapho umkhaya kuthatha isikhala okuncane lundiza kwesokudla, is ebeletha indodana yesibili Fedenka. umkhaya wathuthela kwesokunxele kuqala phansi, iphiko enyakatho, lapho manje kukhona indawo-Museum of Dostoevsky ngemva kweminyaka emibili. Banikwa amakamelo amabili kuphela, ikhishi kanye ephasijini. Kukhona amakamelo amabili ngaphezulu, kodwa umsebenzi wabo alwaziwa.

Kanjani ukuqala ukuhlolwa

Okokuqala, izivakashi kuyakhexisa lo kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Fyodor Dostoevsky, ukufunda i entry "egwalweni ebhapathizwa futhi inveterate ku uPetru noPawulu Bandla esibhedlela." igama umntwana side by side nalabo ngubani walala khona futhi washonela esibhedlela: isosha, ukaputeni umhlala, umka ungqongqoshe sezindela eye adedelwa serf zasendle.

Umndeni wawuhlala kulokho izimo

Household ubuso kahle kuchazwe ungumfowabo omncane Fyodor Mikhailovich, okuvumela ukuba alulame ikhaya elula sibonise ukuthobeka endleleni Dostoevsky Museum e Moscow. Ngaphambili kuholela wangena endlini yokudlela, noma "ukusebenza egumbini", lapho izindonga abangu zaveza ophuzi, nemibono egcekeni esibhedlela futhi Bozhedomka. It ibekwe armchairs, itafula okusaqanda, itafula ikhadi, usofa, udonga iKhabhinethi in mahogany - Empire neqondayo, ikuvumela ukuba ugcine isikhundla zasebukhosini. Etafuleni lokudlela kwaba ngomkhaya lapho izingane eziyisikhombisa. On the izindonga kukhona izithombe ezihlobene ekuqaleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye futhi ahlobene izinkumbulo lokuvakashela ezibiyele, uZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra. Futhi kusihlwa kuleli gumbi wezwa izindaba ezimnandi nokugada Alena Frolovna. Fyodor Mikhailovich wakhumbula ukuthi, esikhathini esiyiminyaka emithathu wazama ukuqamba eziwubuqili futhi scary.

Ngemuva ukwahlukanisa lokhuni

Igumbi Wezingane wahlukana ephasijini ngumuntu ukwahlukanisa ezenziwe ngokhuni. Kuyo babengamakhulu amabili isiqu ku lapho elele uMikayeli Fedor. Leli gumbi laba darkish. It is agcinwe kule Dostoevsky Museum e Moscow.

Qala ukufundisa

On the table Ikhadi iBhayibheli embulelwe 'Encwadi KaJobe ", eyanyatheliswa ngo-1815. Zonke izindaba zeTestamente Elidala ukufunda nonina wabantwana eziyizintandokazi Maria Fedorovna, ngubani wasuka imvelo yomthengisi wakhulela Borovsk. Yena waba nguthisha wokuqala izingane zabo. Incwadi yokuqala bonke abantwana babe "umlando engamakhulu amane engcwele." Nge ikhophi yencwadi Fyodor akuwenzanga futhi wamgcina konke ukuphila kwakhe, njengoba ngilahlekile. Nazi amathoyizi zezingane ezimbalwa, lapho izingane ukudlala ngaphansi kokuqondisa umama, ukwenza ngenalithi. Kubukeka sengathi kwelinye lamakamelo amabili endlini-Museum of Dostoevsky.

egumbini lokuphumula

Leli kamelo ixhunywe ekamelweni lokudlela. Umndeni linendima ebalulekile. Kubalulekile futhi kakhulu Museum-efulethini F. M. Dostoevskogo eMoscow. Umakhiwo zonke izinto zangempela owathinta Fyodor Mikhailovich. Egumbini lokuphumula kukhona usofa, phambi okuyinto ithebula okusaqanda isendaweni ingubo encane. Babalelwa ku-ke kukhona izihlalo ahlelwe futhi lezincwadi ekhoneni - itafula nge isiginci. Ngokufunda ukufunda, izingane bakhululekile ukukhetha amabhuku abawuthandayo kubo. Ngemva kwasemini efulethini konke cwaka, ngakho njengoba hhayi abaphazamisa ubuthongo kayise, ukuphumula embhedeni, lapho usuku lwakhe yaphela esibhedlela. Ngemva kokuphumula, uyise waqhubeka esebenza e-kusihlwa: wabhala umlando iziguli, akunikeze imithi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubuye kube akekho ukhathazwa talking elikhulu futhi umsindo. Lapho efika umfowabo endlini yabo umama abangashadile, wathatha isigingci. Maria Feodorovna idlalwe kuze kube umfowabo insimbi yesibili. Bacula izingoma Russian futhi zothando. Umndeni futhi othanda, lapho bonke kusihlwa zibuthanela etafuleni futhi ufunde ngokuzwakalayo amanoveli, izinkondlo kanye temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ngu Pushkin, "umlando" Karamzin.

Manje Fedora Mihaylovicha Dostoevskogo Aphathimenti Museum sifuna ukuba adlulisele yonke izikhathi kumiswa ubuntu umbhali, ngakho-ke, ngaphezu izinto zansuku zonke, ukugxila ekuphileni okungokomoya umbhali. Kusukela Petersburg eMoscow zithutha edeskini lapho ebhala isahluko esithi "INkathi Brothers Karamazov", inkstand yakhe siqu, izibuko zakhe namakhadi ibhizinisi. Kukhona futhi imifanekiso yakhe ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yamandulo lezithombe zokuqala amalungu omkhaya somlobi. Museum, elise emgwaqweni Dostoevsky, ubamukela ngomusa ubani nesithakazelo wayeyisazi yokudala, futhi uphethe hhayi izinkambo kuphela kodwa futhi indaba ephathwayo nobusuku obungamashumi amane.