American black bear (bear black): incazelo, ukubukeka, izici, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Endulo lolu hlobo bear kwakwandile endaweni banamuhla Europe, kodwa kunalokho ngokushesha ibhujisiwe, futhi namuhla endle emazweni aseYurophu yikona ayitholakalanga. I-American black bear (noma emnyama bear) ihlukile nabo Clumsy? Yiziphi imikhuba ngokwalokho abayikho ngaphandle? Lezi futhi abaningi mibuzo neminye sizobe uphendule kamuva kulesi sihloko.

ukusabalala

Black bear American black bear kuze kube muva nje owakhiwe nasemahlathini namathafa eNyakatho neMelika. Kodwa iningi labantu yaphela nya noma dengwane umuntu kusukela empumalanga United States kanye nezifunda eningizimu-asempumalanga. Ekuqaleni ngekhulu xxi, inani lezi zilwane ingeqi ayizinkulungwane 200. Iningi black ububanzi athwale American black bear ukwabelana nge grizzly.

Ububanzi lalesi silwane kukhawulwe sendawo enezintaba awalethe ezisukela amamitha 900 kuya ku-3000 ngaphezu kolwandle. American black bear - bear, manje osehlala eCanada nase-US uthi amathathu nambili. idlanzana futhi iqoshwe eMexico.

Njengomthetho, ethanda ukuphila emahlathini nasezindaweni hhayi ezinabantu kakhulu elinabantu. ECanada, American black bear (bear) ithatha ingxenye enkulu kwebanga yayo yomlando. It ugwema kuphela ezindaweni of emathafeni asenkabeni, okuyinto ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni ezolimo. Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi futhi kuziwa kulezi zindawo.

American black bear (black bear): ukubukeka

Lesi silwane, ngokungafani nozakwabo ezinkulu, kuyinto naphakathi ngobukhulu. I nomlomo kulinganiselwe wakhomba, ukuphakama, nge izimpiko eside kakhulu. Elingenamikhono sifushane futhi abushelelezi. Ngokuvamile ngezansi nje emphinjeni kungenzeka ukubona ezimhlophe, ukukhanya esinsundu noma nezimagqabhagqabha beige. Amadlebe makhulu, setha ububanzi ngaphandle. Naphezu ifana okuncane kuya grizzly, American black bear - ibhere ukuthi ayinayo phambi idolo ehlombe.

isilwane umzimba obuphelele 1.5 m, ubude umsila - elilodwa, ubude indlebe - 80 mm. Black bear buyela ngokwesilinganiso 135 kg, nakuba bodokotela ngokusemthethweni amacala lapho abanye abantu safinyelela isisindo siphezulu (250 kg). Izinsikazi cishe ingxenye yesithathu lincane kwabesilisa.

Ubude bempilo zilwane, ngokuvumelana abacwaningi, kuyinto cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu, nakuba nabameleli bayo ezingavamile siphile kuya kwezineminyaka eyishumi. Lokhu kungenxa zezemvelo ngokungalinganiseli nokuzingela okungekho emthethweni. Bangaphezu kuka-90% ngonyaka ka-engu-American black bear ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-18, ngandlela-thile exhunywe ne umhlangano lo muntu - isibhamu yabazingeli noma nabazingeli abangekho emthethweni, izingozi zezimoto, njll ...

umbala

American black ibhere, incazelo zazo zingatholakala ezincwadini on izilwane zasendle, njengoba umthetho, has a black, noboya ngezinye izikhathi ezimnyama ansundu. Okuwukuphela ekupheleni nomlomo okuyinto ezinemibala ophuzi okhanyayo. Nokho, ngisho angazalwa udoti efanayo uthela ushokoledi brown okwesibhakabhaka-black.

Ngokuvamile brown nombala we izilwane ezisencane. American black bear - ibhere ukuthi ubukhulu kakhulu wawungaphansi nabo ensundu, kodwa lolu hlobo akuyona zingaphansi kwakhe ezihlukahlukene umbala. Ngaphezu omnyama noma emnyama ansundu, ogwini olusentshonalanga ye-United States kunamalunga ukukhanya brown kwezinhlobo, kwezinhlobo ezahlukene Alaskan noboya esiliva-blue (Glacier Bears), izilwane ezihlala esiqhingini Gribbel, babe ijazi elimhlophe. Kodwa zonke izinhlobo inesimiso esiyingqayizivele - a ekupheleni ukukhanya-yellow nomlomo.

Inkinga ikuphi-ingabe American black bear

amabhere Black zokuthi bazizwa benethezekile kuleli izindawo sihlanganise amahlathi kanye nezimfunda. Ekahle yokuzalela kulezi izindawo amahlathi nge izinhlobo ezahlukene nati izithelo. On glades ezincane solar lezi zilwane ukuthola ukudla kwabo. Amaxhaphozi futhi emathafeni ukunikela ukudla kwabo namanzi futhi ithenda plant, lezifula nemifudlana elincane ezinamahlathi endaweni - amanzi okuphuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bajwayele Clumsy liphole ukushisa kwehlobo.

Dipper ugcwala inzalo abasebasha kudinga izihlahla ezinkulu, ne emgqonyeni yabo ubukhulu kufanele okungenani 50 cm. Amagxolo kufanele ribbed (isibonelo, uphayini ezimhlophe). Lezi zihlahla kukhona ephephile kakhulu amabhere kancane, ngubani nje ukufunda ukugibela, futhi indawo enhle kakhulu ngokulungiselela yokuhlala.

Ingabe black American athwale izitha?

Yebo, futhi ziningi. American black bear - ibhere ukuthi ugwema ezindaweni ezivulekile ngenxa yokwesaba ukuhlaselwa emikhulu nonamandla amabhere ansundu. Yingakho ethanda ukuba bayohlala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi. nezimpisi Gray, coyotes, Cougars ngokuvamile ezidla amawundlu. Nokho iningi baribalov efile - izilwane omdala, futhi ebulala indoda zabo.

ukudla

American black bear - nebhere kuyinto ngempela unamahloni, ungalwi futhi omnivorous. Ngo ukudla kuba ngokuphelele nepriveredliv futhi illegible. Ikakhulu ke odla isitshalo ukudla, izibungu futhi izinambuzane. amabhere Black ayikwazi kubhekwe uma ibona izilwane eziyingozi asebenzayo: izilwane yezilwane ezinomgogodla kakhulu, bedla kuphela ngesimo falling. Nokho, i-American black bear ngeke azilahle sidla amagundane amancane: i-beaver, onogwaja, ungabhekana kanjani nalezi inyamazane encane.

American black bear ukudla ukudla okuningi njengoba isisu sakhe ongama. Ngemva kwalokho waya ukulala futhi ngiphaphama futhi wahlanganyela ziyofuna ukudla. Kuye ngesizini, kuze 80-95% yokudla salo ukudla isitshalo. Entwasahlobo (April-May), American black bear ikakhulu odla amakhambi. Ngo-June, ukudla kwabo kuba ahlukahlukene kancane: kukhona izinambuzane, izibungu futhi izintuthwane, futhi ibhere regales ekwindla amajikijolo, amakhowe futhi acorns.

Lapho kwezinye imifula Alaska naseCanada ifike Shoals zidala salmon, amabhere black abuthele ogwini futhi izinhlanzi emanzini angajulile. Akubuzwa, ukuwa-American black bear - isikhathi esibucayi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuba Thenga amafutha ebusika. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, okuyinto ebusika ukumunyisa inzalo. izitolo Fat amabhere black buthelela ngenxa ukudla esiningi izithelo, amantongomane acorns.

American black bear: ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuvusa ivuka kulokhu kulala kwasebusika mate baribaly. Kuthatha indawo May-July. Ukukhulelwa ihlala kufika ezinsukwini ezimbili namashumi amabili. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ukukhulelwa zamabhere akwenzeki ngokushesha, kodwa kuphela ekupheleni kwekwindla. Futhi kuphela uma eye zanqwabelana lemali edingekayo amafutha. Esinye isici esithakazelisayo: emibili noma emithathu bear cub ozalwa ebusika, ngesikhathi lapho unina elele fast kakhulu.

Izingane zizalwa enesisindo esingaphansi 450 grams. Bathola indlela yabo ukuba ubisi okunamafutha noshukela efudumele, futhi entwasahlobo ka isisindo sabo isivele kuze 5 kg. Cubs yonke indawo ulandele nonina, ubalekele ke izifundo bonke izikhathi. Zisuka ke kuze kube unyaka olandelayo, lapho kufika isikhathi we kokuzalela esilandelayo.

indlela yokuphila

Black Bear - a umgibeli omkhulu, it is kahle ukukhuphuka izihlahla, ngisho nalapho esegugile kakhulu. Lokhu izilwane baqaphe ngomuzwa athuthukile kakhulu zokuhogela ukuzwa ezehlukile. Ebusuku, ziyofuna ukudla noma ukuya ocansini nabantu abaningi, baribaly ukuwela amabanga amade:

• izilwane ezisencane, yobudala efanayo - amakhilomitha angu-1,6;
• Amaduna amadala - 12 km;
• amaxhukazi - 9 km.

Umkhawulo eqoshiwe ubude ukuhamba nsuku zonke kwaba ngu-200 km.

American black bear ngokushesha egijima ekukhuphukeni noma endaweni evundlile, kuyashesha kuya 55 km / h. Lezi zilwane Futhi ayizingcweti zokubhukuda ngempela okuhle ebhukuda yonkana amanzi ahlanzekile okungenani 2.5 km.

amabhere Black uncamela ukondla ekuseni noma kusihlwa lapho sokushisa kosuku luyaphela. Nokho, abanye ezihamba ebusuku. Bazama ukugwema ukuhlangana nabanye amabhere nabantu. Ubuchopho black bear ngempela isihlobo esikhulu yobukhulu umzimba. Isilwane ine inkumbulo kakhulu. It is njengelinye lamazwe esincelisayo ezihlakaniphe kakhulu.

Abasebenzi esiqiwini kazwelonke e esifundazweni saseGeorgia bathi amabhere abamnyama lapho banqotshwa ngokuzingela obhejane ngokungemthetho Antics ngaphandle esiqiwini, liziphathe Akumangalisi savvy. Babaleka epaki ukunikeza abasebenzi ngokwabo ukuba lisingathe izimpikiswano eziphathelene ne abalimi uthukuthele, futhi bona ngalesi sikhathi, ngomoya ophansi ukuhambahamba ngasogwini umngcele epaki.

Futhi ekugcineni, amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo:

• Black bear - uphawu heraldic ethandwa. Emazweni amaningi, ngomfanekiso wakhe isetshenziswa elingenamikhono izingalo eJalimane, ePoland, Czech Republic, eRussia.
• London Beefeaters - edumile Guard British Queen - ukugqoka uboya izigqoko okusezingeni eliphezulu baribalov Canadian.
• American black bear endowed ngokwemvelo nge imibala emihle.