Amandla e Mechanics. Iyunithi amandla e Mechanics

Amandla e Mechanics ngokuvamile azibonakali kulesi sigaba Linamandla. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi watadisha ukunyakaza zemizimba ikhumbula amabutho nokuwenza. Lokho kuyinto amandla e izihambisimshini yini imvelo bakuphi futhi indlela ingabalwa, namuhla sizobe ukukhuluma.

Siyini isisekelo we Dynamics

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izihambisimshini amandla azibonakali njalo kunazo kulesi sigaba. Futhi uma kunjalo, kuyoba ezingaphezu kuka uqaphele ukuthi ngokuvamile kuba isisekelo theory bokuba khona Dynamics. Mhlawumbe omunye uye ukuyichaza kakade ukuthi sikhuluma odumile u-Isaac Newton, noma kunalokho, imithetho etholakala kuzo. Iyunithi amandla e Mechanics, ngasendleleni, yingakho, futhi ebizwa ngegama lakhe.

Lokho usivumele ukuthi imithetho Newton?

Bavumela nathi ukuxazulula inkinga eyinhloko kwenzeka ukuthi kungenxa ezithile ezaziwayo wonke amabutho esebenza ngesikhathi kunikezwa emzimbeni test. Ake ucabange ukuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso, futhi siyazi kubo. Khona-ke singathola ukushesha, esebenza umzimba ngaphandle kobudisi. Kodwa ulwazi kanjani nokubaluleka isiqondiso iyona ukushesha, lizovula phambi kwethu ijubane umzimba yokusesha amathemba nganoma yingasiphi oyifunayo ngesikhathi. Ngenxa yalokho, singakwazi ukuthola isikhundla iphuzu impahla uma sifuna. Ungakwazi agcizelele ukubaluleka kanye nenkinga ephambene. It kuvela ukuthi ukuxazulula izinkinga ekuqaleni kufanele ahlele kahle khandlu Mechanics, lapho ifomula uzonikezwa ngezansi.

Nature amabutho

Uma sithulula ebhukwinitifundvo, encwadini izinkinga physics noma izinto eziyisethenjwa futhi ubheke Mechanics, sibona eziningi izinkinga ebudlelwaneni, lapho njalo kunazo sibhekene amabutho amathathu kuphela. Ziyakwazi ahambisana jikelele adonsela phansi, ukuxabana futhi kuyaqina. Ake sixoxe ngayinye ngokuningiliziwe. Futhi ake siqale zokuqala.

Umzimba liphuma ukuphakama, ngaphandle isivinini kokuqala

Ezimweni ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi ama -mahhala ukuwa. Konke elisizungezile ikhangwa iplanethi yethu. Kubandakanya thina. Lapha ungakwazi ukunquma leli qiniso of jikelele adonsela phansi amabutho. Manje singakwazi indiva emoyeni ukumelana, nakuba le ndlela akunangqondo njalo. Kodwa yini sithola? Khona-ke woza, ukuthi yonke imigwamanda babe cishe ukusheshisa ofanayo mahhala ukuwa. Ingabe baphonse encane itshe noma cobblestone yangempela phansi - ijubane futhi ukuwa kuyoba mayelana efanayo.

Ingabe wengeze ohlelweni entwasahlobo

Cabanga ukuthi entwasahlobo okwesikhashana Sinker. Yena, njenganoma iyiphi enye umzimba, azothanda kuwele phansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ke izenzo amandla Luhambo kule planethi yethu. Nokho, uma entwasahlobo sinamandla, kuyothiwa sinwebiswe iphuzu elithile. Ngemva kwalokho, umzimba uzoyeka ukuba bangawi bese esimweni okuthiwa yakhoibrium mechanical uhlelo kuyofika. Kuthatha indawo lapho isenzo emzimbeni zizinto eziningana, kodwa sum yabo zero. Ngamanye amazwi, isenzo zamabutho kuthiwa inzuzo.

Lapha uqala ukucela esiphethweni esinengqondo. It kuvela ukuthi ngaphezu amandla adonsela phansi isisindo ohlangothini entwasahlobo kunamandla eyodwa ngaphezulu okungukuthi anda Luhambo alinganayo. It has a igama silula eyanikezwa lomkhuba. It ngokuthi amandla ayo nokunwebeka. Iyunithi amandla e Mechanics sikhona yonke indawo, futhi lokho kusho ukuthi, futhi, lingana kuze fike Newton.

Ingabe ukusheshisa - isizathu ngesilinganiso ushintsho?

Mhlawumbe. Uma uthi nhlá, yonke into kubonakala. Kodwa uma ekumbeni ujule, kungcono ngokwanele ukuba zishintshe ezithakazelisayo. Kukhona emangalisayo umthetho Newton (wesibili), othi amandla kulingana izikhathi mass ukusheshisa wasinika emzimbeni. Ekuqaleni kungase kubonakale (izibalo kuphela) ukuthi amandla kuwumphumela. Kodwa kukhona, eqinisweni, kwenzeka okuphambene.

Cabanga ibhola, ngoba ukuthi nesigqi. Wabika amandla, abese ethola ukusheshisa ezithile. Ngokufanayo, endabeni ukunyakaza komzimba. It is ngidlula ibanga elithile, ayeke. Ukusheshisa izokhombisa ukuthi akanalo igciwane nje the velocity ilingana no-zero. Asikwazi ngokushesha ukubeka phambili ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi kwenzeka ongamandla siyehla umzimba, okungukuthi imbangela yalesi ukusheshisa esibi kakhulu. Futhi likhona ngempela. La mandla enza umzimba kokukhuhlana.

Moment of force. Mechanics: theory kanye nama-technical

Okwamanje force iyobizwa ngokuthi amandla ukujikeleza eyenziwe ukujikeleza Vector amandla mayelana iphuzu noma umzimba isho. It has isici Newton imitha ngalinye. izimo nesenzakalo ilula. Kuyinto ngokwanele ukuze uveze iphuzu amanga ku ulayini amandla. Thola iphuzu kungaba umkhiqizo amandla futhi asizakale. Isibonelo elula twist nut nge ukusonta. Amandla Mechanics theory neze iyahluka kwenye analogue yayo esigabeni classic, ngakho akunandaba mqondo kokubuka ukuze acutshungulwe olunemininingwane ethe xaxa. Ake ubuyele emuva uyoqala ezintweni eziyisisekelo, ngoba zibalulekile kakhulu.

Nalapha futhi, ngamandla kuyaqina

Umfundi Ungahlala uqobo hlola ukuthi okwamanje kushiwo. Ake sithi ube nomzimba oqinile. Noma yimuphi izipesheli okuqinile ukumelana lapho bezama ukushintsha ukuma, ubukhulu. Kodwa le misebenzi kukhona lutho okunye ukwedlula ukusonteka elula, angithi? Kodwa ziyini izinhlobo zalo? Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyisisekelo ukusonteka: kwadambisa isimo esasishubile, kokucindezelwa, eguqa, torsion, phuca.

Kuzokwenzekani uma uzama ukushintsha ukuma nosayizi?

It kuncike uhlobo umzimba. Ngokuvamile, ukusonteka kuyinto nokunwebeka hhayi nokunwebeka. Kodwa kufanele wazi ukuthi noma yimuphi umzamo ukushintsha ukuma nosayizi yomzimba, kuyoba abazama uwabuyise. Kuleso simo, uma ukusonteka lincane uma kuqhathaniswa usayizi wangempela, amabutho nokunwebeka lokhu kungenziwa. Enye into, uma isimo okuphambene. Kodwa lolu cwaningo kilelihlelo isivele wahlanganyela usosayensi Robert Guk. ucwaningo lakhe, okwakunginika esixoxa kabanzi inqubo ukusonteka emizimbeni, ayenakho 1660.

Kwenzani lokhu usosayensi?

Wathatha core kanzima, yona eyaqala ukwenza i yokwelula. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka ngaphakathi induku, njengoba kungaba ukuyichaza, amandla nokunwebeka. It is kulinganiswa ngo inqubo ngilulekela. Ukuchaza inqubo ngokuya ubuningi, faka inani elisha, ngaleso sikhathi eyayibizwa ngokuthi ukunwebeka. Kayisilutho ngaphandle umehluko Ubukhulu komugqa umzimba futhi lanwetshwa ngo isimo abavamile. Imiphumela zokuhlola ngisho emangala ezinye. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, esimweni deformations elincane phakathi ukunwebeka futhi nokunwebeka amandla unobuhlobo ithunzi elehlayo. Lapha esinawo omunye value, okuyinto esikubiza ngokuthi Coefficient kuyaqina. It kuncike impahla kusukela lapho umzimba kwenziwa, futhi ngalokho-ke unamahlangothi komugqa.