Ama-Hybrids-Electric Hybrids: Indlela Esebenza ngayo

Kungani bengakathengiswa?

Izimoto ze-Hybrid sezivele sezishayela emigwaqweni, futhi kubonakala sengathi eminyakeni ezayo bazobe besakazeka kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele. Okungenani izimoto zikagesi ezigcwele azixazulula izinkinga zabo ngamabhethri nobubanzi.

Uma ubheka emakethe yemoto, uzothola isithombe esimangalisayo, naphezu kokunikezwa okuhlukahlukene, zonke izimoto ze-hybrid ezithengiswayo zisebenzisa i-petroli-electric kagesi. Futhi lokhu, naphezu kokuthi imishini ye-diesel iyasebenza kahle, ikhiqiza i-torque engaphezulu, ibe nokusetshenziswa okuncane kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi futhi, njengomthetho, ihlala isikhathi eside. Izinjini ze-diesel nazo zinezinga elingaphansi lokukhishwa kwe- carbon dioxide kunezinjini ze-petroli. Pho kungani kungabikho ama-diesel-electride okudayiswayo? Iqiniso liwukuthi lizobiza kakhulu ekukhiqizeni.
Izimoto ze-Hybrid ezinamamodi amabili zinamaseli amabili amagesi, ukuvutha komlilo kwangaphakathi nomunye ugesi. Ingxenye kagesi iyabiza kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko zamabhethri amakhulu, anamandla futhi akhethekile asetshenziswe kuwo. Uma ufaka kwi-equation i-diesel, ebiza kakhulu kune-injini efana ne-essence, uzothola ama-power unit abizayo ku-chassis eyodwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinjini ze-diesel zivame ukuhamba, zilukhuni ukuvula isimo sezulu esibandayo futhi zikhiqize izinhlayiya eziqinile nakwe-nitrogen oxides.
Ngisho naseYurophu, lapho ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ze-diesel kubandakanya cishe ingxenye yesiqoqo sokuthengisa imoto, amanani e-diesel awafani namanani wezimoto ezinjini ze-petroli. Futhi njengoba injini ye-diesel ibhekene nokucindezeleka okuningi okusebenza ngaphezu kwephethiloli, injini ngokwayo idinga ukuba ibe namandla nakakhulu. Ephepha, i-diesel-electrib hybrid ingahlanganisa okuhle kakhulu kokubili. Kodwa kwenzekani empilweni yangempela?

Ama-diesel hybridi asebenza kanjani?
Njengabafowabo abaphethiloli. "Ubuchwepheshe be-hybrid bungasetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokudlulisela. Ngokombono we- hybrid, akunandaba, "kusho okhulumela iBMW uDave Buchko ngo-2008. Wayebhekisela ekutheni ubuchwepheshe, i-hybrid ene injini ye-diesel ngeke neze ihluke ku-hybrid ene-essence. "Nakuba izinjini ze-diesel zinezinga eliphezulu lokucindezela futhi zenza umvuthwandaba omkhulu," kusho uBuchko, ayikho inkinga ngokudala imoto enjalo. Ngakho-ke, ezinhlobonhlobo ze-dizeli-kagesi kunezimiso ezifanayo ezisetshenziselwa izinhlobo zephethiloli kagesi.

Imithombo emibili yamandla emotweni ye-hybrid ichazwe ngokuhlukile. Kwamanye ama-hybrids, injini evamile inomthwalo wemfanelo wokushaja amabhethri, awudlulisi amandla ngqo kumavili emoto. Injini ijikeleza i-generator, i-generator iyala amabhethri, amandla ebhethri imoto kagesi yemoto, eseyivele ibangela ukuthi amasondo ajikeleze. Esinye isibonelo sale ndlela yi-Chevrolet Volt.
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu yi-hybrid efanayo, imoto engasetshenziswa amandla noma yimiphi imithombo yamandla amabili. Lokhu noma leyo injini isetshenziswa, kuye ngokuthi izimo zokushayela. I-Toyota Prius yisibonelo se-hybrid efana: isebenza ngamandla kagesi ngesivinini esincane futhi ihlanganisa injini yephethiloli uma kudingeka amandla amaningi futhi ngesivinini esiphezulu. Zonke izinhlobo ze-diesel hybrid zilandela imodeli ye-hybrid efanayo. Pho kungani engakabi ekukhiqizeni?

I-Strong> ebiza kakhulu futhi ebiza kakhulu ... iyabiza kakhulu
Futhi kunjalo, ngoba izindleko ziphezulu kakhulu. Ama-hybrids kagesi abiza okungaphezu kwezimoto ezivamile zephethiloli, futhi idizili futhi ebiza kakhulu kunezihlobo zabo ze-petroli. Inhlanganisela yalaba ababili izokwenza imoto ebiza kakhulu. Umthengi kuzodingeka awisebenzise isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuze akhokhele intengo ephakeme yokuthenga. Kodwa izintengo zamafutha ziqhubeka njalo futhi i-hybrid ye-diesel-kagesi ingaba yinto engokoqobo. Okwamanje, abakhiqizi sebevele balungiselela lokhu. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa.
Ngonyaka ka-2008, iVolkswagen yabonisa i-Golf TDI Hybrid Concept, esebenzisa i-diesel eyi-1.2-litre-cylinder idijithali ngomgwaqo ovamile owenziwe ngophethiloli kanye nomshini kagesi. I-diesel ikhiqiza amahhashi angama-74 kanye ne-torque engu-178.76 Nm, futhi imoto kagesi ifinyelela ebhange elinamahhashi angu-27 kanye ne-139.49 Nm. Ngokusho kweVolkswagen, isilinganiso sokushisa u- 3.4 l / 100 km nokuhlolwa kwe-European efficiency. Okungcono kakhulu kune-4.35 l / 100 km yeToyota Prius.
Ngokusho kweVolkswagen, imoto kagesi inikeza amandla anele ukuvumela imoto ukuba isuke endaweni yayo. Lapho imoto ihamba, injini ye-diesel iyogijima kuphela ngesivinini esiphezulu noma uma kudingekile ukusheshisa okwengeziwe. Njengoba sibona lo mthombo, iVolkswagen yaqala imodeli yayo yokuqala, kodwa yayingeyona i-diesel-electric hybrid. I-Touareg ye-hybrid ifakwe injini yephethiloli, njengoba izindleko zokuthuthukisa i-hybrid ye-diesel-electric ziphakeme kakhulu.
Ngonyaka ka-2008, i-BMW yazisa i-Hybrid X5 Vision Diesel Hybrid, edla cishe ngamalitha angu-6.53 ngamakhilomitha ayikhulu. Imoto isebenzisa injini ye-biturbo eyi-2.0-litre, elinganiswe ku-204 horse power and torque engu-400 Nm, futhi umshini kagesi ukhiqiza amahhashi angu-20 no-209 lb-ft torque. Izibalo zithembisa, kodwa akekho ama-hybrids wamanje we-BMW ayi-diesel.

I-Strong> Ngakho ngubani ozoba yi-automaker yokuqala ukuvula leyo hybrid?
U-Peugeot uhlela ukuqala i-hybrid yokuqala ye-diesel-electric ngasekupheleni kuka-2010. I-Hybrid4, esekelwe yesikhulumi se-crossover engu-3008, isebenzisa injini ye-turbo-diesel engu-2.0-litre ifakwe ohlelweni lokuqalisa ukusebenza oluvula amahhashi angu-163. Isithuthuthu sikagesi esiyi-back axle siphuthuma amahhashi angama-36 no-200 Nm bese iqhuba amasondo angemuva ajikeleze. Amandla aphelele angamahhashi angu-200 kanye ne-torque engu-500 Nm, kanti ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kungama-99 g / km kuphela, futhi ukugeleza okulinganiselwe kungama-4 amalitha ngamakhilomitha angu-100.
Uhlelo lwe-hybrid lunezela kuphela u-100 kg kwesisindo semoto. I-Peugeot 3008 Hybrid4 ingasebenza emotweni yokuhamba, amasondo onke noma amasondo omgwaqo ongemuva (okushiwo yi-0 emissions). I-hybrid yase-French edizayini kagesi kulindeleke ukuthi ibambe okungenani okungamaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-15 kunezinga elingu-3008 ekuqalisweni kokugcina, kodwa amanani azokwehla njengoba uhlelo lwe-hybrid lusetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlobo, ezifana ne-308, 407 Amanani afanayo ukusuka ku-Citroen (C4 no-C5).