Acela e injini: Izimbangela Nemiphumela

Ngamunye umshayeli ngezikhathi sizwa umuntu engqongqoza ngesikhatsi operation injini. Yini eyabangela lezi imisindo, nokuthi kungenzeka ukunquma nge indlebe kahle hle ukuthi yiziphi okuyingxenye uphumile emgqeni?

izimbangela ezivamile

Ngokuvamile, lapho Lubrication kanye nokupholisa ka engqongqoza e injini evamile kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi phakathi izingxenye okuyizinto uxhumano, lo imvume iyakhula. Ngokuvamile lokhu lapho izwi lingezwakali kahle lapho igebe kuba mayelana kathathu uma liqhathaniswa ukubaluleka bokuzisholo. Njengoba nje igebe liyavuleka, ngesilinganiso bafake izingxenye injini inyuka ngiyangqongqoza kuba phezulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi isimo lapho engqongqoza kwenzeka injini futhi evamile usayizi igebe. Kulokhu, it kungadalwa izinto ezifana injini umthwalo omkhulu, misalignment futhi wenza umcimbi omunye izingxenye, ekunciphiseni viscosity uwoyela ngenxa okweqile noma dilution nomunye liquid (isib lapho uphethiloli engena uwoyela).

Nquma umsindo

Ithi ngesikhathi esisodwa - ukunquma injini ungqongqoze endlebeni ngesinye isikhathi kunzima kakhulu ngisho i motorman abanolwazi. Kodwa imithetho jikelele basekhona.

Uma kukhona oshaya njalo, kufanele ukuhlola ezimeni ezahlukene. Njengoba yaziwa, nemingcele injini yokusebenza mode kukhona ijubane ukujikeleza we crankshaft futhi umthwalo kwandisa njengoba kuvulwa valve mpintsha. Uma ukwanda isibalo ematfuba umsindo injini iyakhula, it is Cishe, inkinga kufanele itholwe e le plunger futhi isikhathi.

Nge ukwanda umthwalo kwandisa umfutho amasilinda futhi nalokhu, kwandisa umthwalo izingxenye ezinyakazayo yenjini - ikakhulukazi piston iqembu. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona ukukhubazeka luyaqina njengoba inyuka umthwalo e mshini crank ka ongqongqoza e injini.

Manje ake uzame ukuchaza "nokugabavula" lento ningqongqoza ithoni. Uma injini idling , uzwa thud, okuyinto ke, nge ukukhuphula ijubane, kuba ukhula kaningi, ke "sidilize" le crankshaft, okuyinto sezigugile ifaka yokuxhuma induku noma eziveza main noma shaft iphephabhuku. Isizathu kungaba esikhundleni okungazelele lamafutha noma uwoyela zokuhlunga.

Thud yenjini "amakhaza" okungukuthi, ikhasi eligcinwe ngesinye isibukezo, kungase kubonise bafake we amabombo camshaft. Ngokuvamile, ngezwa othile engqongqoza enjalo ihlala hhayi ningi than ambalwa kuze uwoyela uthola phezu amabombo. Uma kungqongqoza umuntu ibisinyamalala, ne camshaft Kusengenzeka ahambe 50,000 km. Kamuva ongqongqozayo ekubeni ezwakalayo ngisho nalapho ukuqala injini efudumele, futhi inattention enjinini kuholela yokuthi petrol inyuka, ukuwohloka le startability samandla iyunithi, futhi kukhona sebethule coke esihlalweni valve. imbangela bafake camshaft amabombo bungabi izinga amafutha abampofu umsebenzi amabombo uwoyela ongaphakeme noma sahlukene nalo, engena uwoyela noma amanzi ukungcola.

Khanyisa injini metal ungqongqoze ezenzeka nge okwandisa rotations kungase kubonise detonation. Ngakho sikubiza ngumkhuba lapho uphethiloli burns kaningi ngokushesha kunokuba ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile. Lapho detonation, kwakusondela igagasi ukushaqeka, okuyinto ngesikhathi ukuhamba piston phansi inqwaba izikhathi kubonakala yi piston nenhloko isilinda, okubangela kanjalo engqongqoza efanayo. Ngaphezu ungqongqoze we engqongqoza kungase kubonise nokwehla kwamandla injini, kunyakaze iyunithi ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa, okweqile ikhanda isilinda. Imbangela detonation kukhona ukusetshenziswa ongaphakeme octane fuel idiphozi kumiswa ekamelweni amandla omlilo, ukwehluleka the EGR valve. Umphumela iba umonakalo detonation ukuze pistons futhi piston izindandatho.