Abameleli beNdikimba clove umndeni. Umndeni we-clove: izici kanye nencazelo

Abameleli beNdikimba imikhaya Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllaceae) batholakala cishe wonke amagumbi wonke. Khulisa izitshalo ezifana kuhlanganise ezweni lethu. Emahlathini futhi emaqeleni Russia zingatholakala ukozela ihlathi, Silene dioica, robin Ragged, njll Yiqiniso, clove - .. Family, elimalungu alo ngokuvamile esekhulile nezindawo suburban. Zisetshenziswa izivande namahlathi, bona ikakhulu njengoba nezitshalo Ornamental.

izici Jikelele

The main izici oluhlukanisa wonke amalungu clove umndeni yilezi:

• guys kukhona okuphambene amaqabunga;

• izimbali ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane nge Calyx futhi Corolla;

• ezomile, kunoma yiluphi uhlobo ibhokisi elikhulu, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso tsenokarpy;

• encane bushelelezi imbewu lumpy.

Clove - umndeni ukuthi kuhlanganisa 86 izizukulwane futhi mayelana 2000 zilwane.

ukusabalala

Lezi zitshalo zikhule emazwekazini yomhlaba Ukuboshelwa. Iningi lazo zitholakala Eastern nase-Asia Ephakathi, kanye emazweni Mediterranean. Zonke izinhlobo abameleli clove zingatholakala emahlathini kanye emaqeleni, izingwadule nezimfunda. Omunye zezintaka lo mkhaya - zvezchatka ezinwabuzelayo - ngisho Kuye kwatholakala phezulu ezintabeni (6000 m).

Isakhiwo imbali

Umndeni we-clove, noma kunalokho, abameleli bayo kuhluke beaters zabo amacembe eziyisihlanu noma ezine. Stamens ngamunye kubo ngokuvamile 8-10. Basuke etholakala imizuliswano emibili 4-5 PC. Lesi sizalo imbali nge eziningi syamezachatkami phezulu esidlekeni ngasinye. Ezimweni eziningi, izimbali bangamalungu protandrichny clove umndeni. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana impova kubo kuthululwe abavuthiwe ngaphambi inhlamba.

Umpe kusuka izimbali ngokuvamile mningi. Basuke impova izinyosi, izimvemvane, nokunye. D. ukuma ezimbalini clove umndeni ezimweni eziningi basakaza, futhi ngenxa yalokho ezikhethekile ukuze impova ezinye izinambuzane ezithile.

ngezigaba

Konke clove F. Pax uhlelo kungenziwa ihlukaniswe yaba subfamilies ezinkulu ezintathu:

• paronihievye;

• smolevkovye;

• alsinovye.

Zingase ziyahlukahluka ukungabi noma khona stipules noma imbali isakhiwo.

Clove umndeni: kuyayithinta emnothweni kazwelonke

Clove ingasetshenziswa:

• njengoba izitshalo Ornamental;

• kwezokwelapha olusemthethweni futhi abantu;

• njengoba esikhundleni insipho;

• njengoba feed emfuyo.

Clove - umndeni, ehlanganisa kuhlanganise ukhula, okuyinto kudingeke ulwe ukutshala izinhlobo ezahlukene izitshalo yezolimo kanye zokuhlobisa. Zikhona e zilwane zasendle futhi enobuthi of Caryophyllaceae.

Umndeni we-clove: abameleli sinokubaluleka zokuhlobisa

Izinhlobo eziningi Caryophyllaceae umndeni e izivande namahlathi esekhulile u-Adalberto isikhathi eside. Ethandwa kakhulu clove zokuhlobisa kungafaka phakathi, isibonelo, the izizukulwane futhi Saponaria Campion. Isikhathi esining impela ezindaweni suburban kungabhekwa njengokuvikela minuartia amahle gerbils.

Soapwort (Saponaria): Okujwayelekile incazelo

Isici esiyinhloko lolu uhlobo lwe kukhona linesizotha futhi kunalokho high quality zokuhlobisa. mylnyanok Iningi, ngoba lezi zitshalo kukhona icwecwe, wanda ngezinga Alpine amagquma. Saponaria uhlanga kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-30 ahlukene.

Saponaria officinalis kuze kube muva nje kungabonwa cishe zonke izivande namahlathi. Namuhla kuba isitshalo bomkhaya clove isinciphile kwayo. Lonke iphuzu yikhono layo kwabaningi ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele. Lokhu wenabisa zokuhlobisa (nezidakamizwa) isiko ngokuphazima kweso, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ngokushesha okukhulu liphenduka ukhula.

Omele ethandwa kakhulu lokhu hlobo namuhla esinye saponaria - bazilikolistnaya. Endle, lesi sitshalo sikhula ikakhulukazi ezintabeni eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Amahlumela saponaria amafomu bazilikolistnaya Lodge futhi umbala izimbali kuyinto pink elikhanyayo. Ukuze anakekele lesi sitshalo, kanye nawo wonke amalungu uhlobo lwe, kulula kakhulu. Nokho, ukuze kulondolozwe bazilikolistnuyu compactness mylnjanki ezidingekayo ngemva kabusha zezimbali (ngasekupheleni kwehlobo) ukusika ngumuntu wesithathu ukuphakama.

Isikhathi esining impela e izivande namahlathi abashayeli bamaloli Russian kungabonakala nakulokho turfy mylnjanki. Ikhaya kule zinhlobo izintaba zasePyrenees. Izimbali kule compact (5-6 cm), izitshalo abe nombala omuhle kakhulu pink.

Zonke mylnjanki angakhula ngenhla endaweni eyodwa iminyaka eminingi. Noma yimuphi ukulungiselela ekhethekile zenhlabathi, lezi zitshalo asidingi. Nokho, endaweni ngaphansi kwabo kufanele ukhethe libalele, ephakeme. nice kakhulu ukuhlela embhedeni namapayipi.

Campion (Silene): izici zayo

Libuye zithandwa phakathi abanikazi ehlobo Cottages uhlanga clove, futhi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400. Campion isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko zezimbali amancane rockery. Ilunga ezivamile lokhu uhlobo lwe kuyinto Silene ngasolwandle. Lesi simila kunalokho ongaphakeme (kufika ku-25 cm) yakha idolo embhedeni noma oluhlaza-grey ezithakazelisayo kakhulu futhi emuhle 'umcamelo.' Campion blooms cishe yonke ngasolwandle ehlobo. Izinhlobonhlobo futhi izinhlobo zawo kuze kube ukuboniswa kancane. ungakhetha ezihlukahlukene izimbali ezimhlophe noma pink ingadi yakho.

Silene Alpine - futhi ngempela ilungu ethandwa bohlobo lwe - amafomu friable "isiguqo" kuya ku-20 cm kuyinto enhle ikakhulukazi kubhekwa ifomu izimbali double aluhlaza .. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi balimi etshalwa ezindaweni suburban yayo Campion acaulescent, Argos, futhi ifomu kantzinskogo.

Incazelo clove Campion (Lychnis)

Lokhu uhlanga ezivamile futhi uhluke izimfanelo ngempela high zokuhlobisa. Kuhlanganisa 35 izinhlobo, kodwa ezithandwa kakhulu nabameleli bayo Campion Arkwright nomqhele. Ehlathini yokuqala yakha ukuphakama compact 35-40 cm futhi kuyamjabulisa balimi yokubukisa orange-bomvu izimbali, ogama ubukhulu lingafika 3 cm.

Campion umqhele - lena isitshalo herbaceous we Caryophyllaceae umndeni, ngisho ikhono likhule on nenhlabathi onganakiwe. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama ke ongafinyelela 45-90 cm. Umbala izimbali kuleli hlobo Campion omele ingaba mhlophe noma pink.

Gerbils (Arenaria) kanye minuartia (Minuartia)

Abamele lezi izizukulwane zifana kakhulu nomunye. Ngokwezinga elithile kangangokuthi ngokuvamile ngisho kudidaniswe nomunye. Ethandwa kakhulu iyona gerbil entabeni. Lesi sitshalo singaba 10 cm ubude zikhule 50 cm ububanzi. Izimbali kokumhlophe gerbil entabeni, ezinkulu.

I obujwayelekile minuartia mozhzhevelolistnaya. Lesi simila umbukwane ifinyelele ukuphakama cm 15 kuphela futhi oncomekayo ifana isilimo esisodwa, noma lihambisana namanye izitshalo Ornamental, isib, uhlobo lwembali enephunga elimnandi noma kuyabanda Izinhlobo. Inflorescence e minuartia mozhzhevelolistnoy racemes, namaqabunga ezicijile.

zinhlobo okwelapha

Clove - umndeni, abaningi babo angasebenzisa kuhlanganise wendabuko kanye imithi esemthethweni. Okokuqala izitshalo ezifana:

• Kolyuchelistnik.

• Gryzhnik bushelelezi.

• Amalungu bohlobo Gypsophila.

Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha zonke izinhlobo zezifo, lezi zitshalo kukhona ngenxa yokuqukethwe okusezingeni eliphezulu ezicutshini zawo physiologically izinto asebenzayo: alkaloids, flavonoid, amavithamini, saponins, amafutha abalulekile kanye acid organic.

Kolyuchelistnik (Acanthophyllum): Incazelo

clove Umkhaya nezimo ezahlukene ezihlukahlukene zezemvelo. Khulisa abameleli balo kuhlanganise yasehlanzeni. Kuyinto ezindaweni eziphakemeyo zingatholakala kolyuchelistnik kwezokwelapha. Isici esiphawulekayo lesi sitshalo engekho stem. Ihamba Acanthophyllum ohlehliswe, prickly nhlangothi zombili, eqoqwe esitolo esidayisa (40-50 cm ububanzi). Phakathi zokugcina inflorescence kubhasikidi ezansi ehambisana izimbali ijabulise.

Nge izidakamizwa ozofakwa ngokuyisisekelo nje izimpande esinamanzi kolyuchelistnika. Kuzo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, aqukethe amafutha abalulekile, tannins, insulin, ikhemikhali okhipha inhlaka. Ukumnika ingase iqondiswa ngoba impatho kolyuchelistnika helminthiasis (izilwane), nokulahla chiriev njengoba isisu kanye ejenti eqeda ukuvuvukala.

Gryzhnik bushelelezi: ukuthi isitshalo?

Lokhu zisetshenziswa groundcover bahlanganiswa ozala clove. Izithombe kungabonwa ngezansi. inkumbi wayo okuchachambile sifanamsindvo ngokuphelele embozwe amaqabunga ezincane okusaqanda, ku axils zazo eqoqwe amabhola izimbali amancane aphuzi. Endle, herniaria glabra ikhula ikakhulu emadlelweni, kwahlongasibi ezinamadwala seduze kwemigwaqo.

infusions ezisebenzisekayo Iziphungo amakhambi nondescript lokhu kungenzeka ukukhwehlela, jaundice, izifo kwesinye kanye nezinso. Lemisebenti ingaphindze esetshenziselwa zokugeza amanxeba amabi qinisa.

Rhode Gypsophila

Enye igama lolu hlobo - umoya womntwana. Lena isitshalo ejwayeleke kakhulu umndeni Caryophyllaceae. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-150 zama-lokhu uhlobo lwe. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke of them are kwezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, ukuze ukwelapha zonke izinhlobo zezifo esetshenziswa Gypsophila paniculata. Kuyinto zisetshenziswa herbaceous isitshalo ne rhizomes eside futhi esinezimila stem eziyizigaxa. Endle, Gypsophila paniculata likhula Western eSiberia, e-Asia Ephakathi futhi eYurophu eyayiyingxenye yeRussia. Izingxenye zalo oluhlaza ingasetshenziswa njengoba elwa namagciwane, analgesic, laxative noma emetic. Futhi, ukumnika lokhu imbiza livame ukusetshenziswa ubuhlungu endaweni isibindi.

ukhula

Ukungeza eyinkimbinkimbi yokutshala izinhlobo ezahlukene izitshalo yezolimo kanye horticultural angamalungu amaningi omkhaya Caryophyllaceae. Kodwa ukhula eziyingozi kakhulu kuyinto chickweed noma izinkuni intwala. Ukuguquguquka kwempilo isitshalo izinsuku ezingu-40 kuphela. Futhi ngakho isizini, kungaba ukunikela izizukulwane 3. Ingxenye engezansi ngeziqu woodlice, futhi kulula ukuba bawe izithombo overwinter futhi sikhule kwentwasahlobo ngokushesha emva iqhwa liyancibilika. Imbewu emva izimbali, isitshalo ngasinye ungaveza kufike ku eziyinkulungwane 25. Ngesikhathi esifanayo babe ukugcina ukuhluma kuze iminyaka 8.

clove ezinesihlungu

Izitshalo edume kunazo fanele kuze lo xuku, kuyinto corn-cockle. Lena ukhula lalivamile has a Taproot eside. Isiqu unakho yini okwanele okusezingeni eliphezulu (kufika ku 1 m), nodose, kancane branched. Amaqabunga cockle emincane futhi abukhali futhi izimbali - olulodwa onsomi-bomvu. mass Green zalesi sihlahla kungekho ingozi nempilo yabantu nezilwane akuyona. Uma imbewu nonodoli anobuthi.

aklaba utshani

On ezimfundeni edlelweni bese emaqeleni sikhule ezihlukahlukene abamele clove. Cishe bonke edliwayo izinkomo. Nokho, obuyigugu kakhulu njengoba izitshalo ifolishi zisekhona deltoides Dianthus namanzi myagkovolosnik. Eyokuqala kuyisimo imbiza zisetshenziswa ukuphakama futhi 45 cm namahlamvu okuphambene eside. Ngeziqu zalesi zilwane kungaba zezinhlobo ezimbili. Netsvetonosnye oblistveny ezinabantu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lide kakhulu, abazi sikhule. Izimbali kungaba eliphezulu kakhulu futhi engxenyeni engenhla branched e ngemfoloko. Okusakazwa Dianthus deltoides imbewu. Sikhula ngokuvamile ku kwahlongasibi Stony, e amahlozi aluhlaza, izimfunda namasimu.

amanzi Myagkovolosnik - ezibalulekile ifolishi utshani umndeni Caryophyllaceae - isitshalo zisetshenziswa, okuphakama kwawo kungase kube 20-70 cm sifanamsindvo ngokwengxenye layo elingenhla ne izinwele, futhi ezansi -. Glabrous. Ihamba ovoid myagkovolosnika kanye inflorescences kukhona Semiumbels. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sitshalo itholakala engxenyeni European yeRussia, eCaucasus, Central Asia, eMpumalanga Ekude, eSiberia.

Lesi sici ngenhla ivumela clove umndeni uzowahlulela njengabaphuma nenzuzo kakhulu emnothweni wezwe. Yiqiniso, leli qembu kuhlanganisa kufaka ukhula, ngisho izitshalo ezinobuthi. Nokho, abaningi clove lenani nezitshalo njengoba Ornamental kodwa engase iphenduke umhlobiso wangempela emagcekeni, izingadi kanye ezitaladini zalelo dolobha, futhi njengoba zokwelapha njengoba ifolishi.