Yiziphi uhlelo hydroponic? Incazelo izinhlobo ezinkulu izinhlelo hydroponic. Hydroponics uhlelo ngezandla zabo

Growing imikhiqizo fresh - akusiyo kuphela ewusizo, kodwa futhi umcimbi inzuzo. Ukuze imvelo emadolobheni kunzima ukucabanga kokusetshenziswa komhlaba bendabuko. Ngokuvamile kuba abamba ukushisa ukulima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izwe libe imifino, amakhambi, izimbali nezinye ukudla akuyona vogue. Zonke izinhlelo hydroponic kwande.

imiqondo eyisisekelo

Ngakho, siyini ngempela-we? Ebhekisela ukwakha amagama, sibona igama lesiGreki "amanzi" kanye "nomsebenzi". Ngokwezwi nezwi, kuvela - "umsebenzi amanzi". Empeleni, amanzi ahlanzekile alisetshenziswa. Kumayelana izixazululo aqueous izakhamzimba. Uhlelo hydroponic - lokhu kuyinto izimo eyayenziwe wadala ukutshala imikhiqizo oluhlaza ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwenhlabathi. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona substrate ethize ukuthi asipheli. Kuye lokhu, ukukhomba izinhlobo eziningana systems-we.

Ngaphansi substrate ukuqonda into noma impahla lapho izimpande lalezi zimbali ezikhula. Substrate e-we kancane ababephikisana isiko wendabuko bezwe. Lokhu kungaba isihlabathi, Peat, ubumba zandiswa futhi kwezinye izimo - ngisho nje emoyeni. Kabanzi amaminerali insontfo izinhlelo hydroponic. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi substrate lisemhlabathini ukuthi engenzi ukondla izitshalo, kodwa kumane njengesiqondiso ikhambi okuphakelayo.

izincazelo Okubalulekile, ungafunda izinhlelo hydroponic kukhona "izakhi mkhondo" futhi "ezingeni pH». Besilokhu sikhipha nokudla okunezakhamzimba - yini edingekayo isitshalo ngasinye ingxenye ethile. Ngaleso esigabeni ngasinye sokukhula isethi izakhi mkhondo edingekayo ukuze ulungele isivuno ngamunye. A pH ezingeni asidi ivumela ukuchaza futhi ukudala ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kanye nemibandela yokudla okunempilo.

izinzuzo ebaluleke

izinhlelo hydroponic babe eziningi eziwusizo phezu izindlela ezivamile yemikhuba yokulima, njenge:

1. Le nqubekela phambili sokukhula. Ngenxa ukuphakelwa okulinganayo, izitshalo ukuthuthukisa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Akukho kungabaza nesomiso noma liyana izinsuku. izimo ezikhulayo ayagcinwa ezingeni evumayo elikhulu futhi.
2. Accelerated ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuvuthwa. Njengoba amandla ihlinzekwa imodi eqhubekayo, futhi uyakucabangela umjikelezo ukukhula, izitshalo ukuthuthukisa ijubane kuqiniswa. Futhi uma ngokwemvelo khona imingcele eminingi (ngoba inani lezinsuku libalele ku ekudleni, kwi-asidi imibuso), e-we cishe ayikho. Futhi isitshalo osayizi anqunyelwe kuphela imithetho ebekwa zofuzo.
3. Amandla ukuhlela. Izinqubo yokukhula kanye nokuvuthwa ungakwazi ukubala futhi zibikezela ngokunembile impela isimanga.

Tinhlobo ka-we

Banikezwe ezahlukahlukene lapho kulawula izinqubo ukukhula plant e-we, zikhona izinhlelo eziningi futhi amasu. Ngokuvamile, kwezinye izindawo eziyisithupha eziyinhloko, phakathi kwabo "yokwenziwa" futhi "asebenzayo".

The elula - ntambo. Impande isisekelo - igama elithi "intambo yefilakisi". Lolu hlelo kusekelwe supply isixazululo izakhi ngokusebenzisa Wicks. Uma lokhu sigqoka kuyinto esitsheni ehlukile futhi wondla ezimpandeni izitshalo esebenzisa mechanical ngesisekelo umphumela capillary. Ngale ndlela ukunikezela iyona elula kakhulu nengabizi. Lokhu uhlelo "yokwenziwa", ukuthi iyasebenza kwayona. Umuntu udinga kuphela ukuqapha ezingeni yesixazululo izakhi ethangini futhi zonke.

drip irrigation eyenzeka

Isimiso yokusebenza iseduze uhlelo wicking, kuphela ukudla wakhonza hhayi ngokwayo kodwa amandla se drip irrigation eyenzeka. Ngenxa yale njongo kukhona isitsha yesixazululo kanye tube yokuxhuma futha nge izitshalo. Ukuze yokunqanda kukhona timer elula. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukeneyo se drip irrigation eyenzeka:

• uhlobo esethola, okungukuthi nge isixazululo amandla isetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngokomthetho, it is zilandelwa ngu echibini kusukela ugqoko ne izitshalo emuva emgqonyeni ne sigqoka. Lokhu samuntu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuba ukonga ngaphezulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi - kudinga ukulawula okuningi ngenxa yezinguquko pH inkomba.
• uhlobo Hhayi emuva. Kulokhu, isixazululo izakhi edabula substrate nokondla izimpande isitshalo, tho unaphakade. Kudinga isikhathi esincane kodwa eqolo.

Hydroponics izikhukhula gqwa

Ukulima ngendlela uhlelo hydroponic yalolu hlobo kuyinto ukulethwa isixazululo izakhi kusukela izitshalo ukuze substrate ngezikhawu predetermined timer. Okuphakelayo futha namaminerali ekhiqizwa futhi emva ekunqanyulweni kwe isixazululo okuphakelayo amuncekela emuva bese mjikelezo. Esikhathini nezikhathi emkhatsini ukufakwa izimpande zezitshalo ngokwemvelo evundile, elicwile umoya-mpilo. Phakathi ukushiyeka indlela enjalo kufanele uncike futha kuqashelwe, futhi kungakho ugesi. Phela, uma isikhathi ayenzi okuphakela amandla, izimpande nje iphele. Lokhu yokusilela sithinta bonke uhlelo esebenzayo hydroponic.

Classical simiso ungqimba izakhi

Indlela e hydroponic izakhi ungqimba okwandile. Lapha, ngokungafani inguqulo yangaphambilini, ayidingi timer. liquid okunomsoco kugeleza substrate izitshalo ukusakaza okuqhubekayo. Idinga asidi ezingeni lokulawula inkomba pH, kusukela isixazululo ujikeleziswe umbuthano.

Izitshalo ngale ndlela ezikhulayo fast kakhulu, kodwa kunamathuba amaningi "mnene". Esimeni avale ngokushesha ukubuna futhi kuyenzeka ife. Ukuvimbela izimo ezingemnandi ayacelwa ukuba khona umthombo isipele ugesi. Kuyasiza ukusebenzisa substrate, lokuqoqa umswakama kanye nokudla, ezifana Imicu yotshani kakhukhunathi.

Isiko Amanzi

Indlela kufanelekile ukutshala izitshalo amanzi-onothando. Ngoba bheka izimpande izitshalo ezitholakala ngaso sonke isikhathi in the ketshezi. Kubonakala sengathi i-platform sintanta isixazululo izakhi of Foam, okuyinto unamathele simila. Uhlelo kubuye "asebenzayo", njengoba futha isetshenziselwa aeration. Ukuze abonise, wena kalula ukuzivumelanisa aquarium ubudala. Phakathi amaphutha waphawula inombolo encane zezitshalo ukuthi zingatshalwa ngale ndlela.

aeroponics

Indlela eyodwa e-we, lapho substrate kuyinto emoyeni. Amandla kagesi wenziwa izimpande izitshalo amanzi inkungu. Izitshalo ngokwabo awashintsheki ezingeni elithile ebusweni futhi babukeka ulenga emoyeni. Aeroponics kudinga ukucabanga ngokucophelela futhi imishini eliphezulu. Endabeni ka amandla ukwehluleka noma ukwehluleka kwanoma iyiphi izitshalo imishini isengozini enkulu.

Ezicini ezinhle le ndlela kungenzeka yokudala izinhlelo ngokuzenzakalela. Futhi emoyeni umuntu ilinganiselwe kakhulu isitshalo ukungcola, okuyinto engase yenzeke substrate. Aeroponics uqhathanisa nezinye izinhlelo, uqaphele ukusetshenziswa ukonga ngaphezulu yamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, aeration eqinile kutfutfukisa kukhula lokuhlanganisa ekuseni kanye nokuvuthwa izitshalo.

Hydroponics embonini

izinhlelo Industrial hydroponic kabanzi ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni, futhi ezindaweni lapho kungekho kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa inhlabathi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi, uma liqhathaniswa ezolimo ejwayelekile hydroponic ingafinyelela ukwanda 20-nesibaya ekukhiqizeni. Yebo, uma ugijima izindleko kohlelo kuyoba okwanele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nokugcina ukulima hydroponic kudinga ulwazi olukhethekile, ngaphandle lapho imifino egqamile futhi exuberant kusheshe angene labhidlika. Nokho, zonke bokwenza kude le izici ezinhle:

• ezithela eliphezulu ngesikhathi esifushane;
• isisetshenziswa ukonga;
• ukungabi khona izifo kanye nokhula;
• inombolo okungenani abasebenzi.

Ngokwesibonelo, isidingo imifino uphakeme kakhulu e-US, naphezu amapulazi abo, imikhiqizo amazwe kusuka emazweni angomakhelwane eMexico nase-Canada. Ngesikhathi esifanayo amapulazi zezimboni hydroponic luthathe indawo yakwa-25 amahektha. Kukhona namapulazi ngabanye yangasese, okuncike izindawo nesizotha ngaphezulu 0.5 amahektha.

Hydroponics ekhaya

Okwamanje izinhlelo ekhaya hydroponic kuyanda. Futhi edonsela ithuba ekhaya ngokushesha sikhule imikhiqizo enempilo. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi-we abakwazi esikhundleni icebo siqu, onikeza iningi kuba ukwaneliseka zokuziphatha, hhayi phandle ngesimo isivuno. Ukuze eqala ukukhula izitshalo ekhaya, kunezindlela okungenani ezimbili: kuphakathi kokuthi uthenge imishini ngomumo eyenziwe ukwenza yonke into ngokwakho. uhlelo hydroponic, adalwe izandla zabo - into kwandile, kodwa enzima.

Uma kuziwa ukupheka imishini into eyodwa. Kulokhu, singaphetha ukuyifaka endaweni efanelekayo, ukulungiselela isixazululo uhlelo hydroponic futhi run. Endabeni self-ukukhiqizwa Kubalulekile ukulungiselela zonke izakhi eyabo. Yini Kuzothatha? Ngokuvamile kuba:

• Isitsha isixazululo izakhi ngesilinganiso cishe 3 amalitha isitshalo ngasinye;
• futha (aquarium efanelekayo amandla kalula lesifanele);
• yakha i-izitshalo;
• substrate;
• isethi hoses.

Kunoma plastic ingasetshenziswa njengendlela esitsheni emaphaketheni. Lapho ihlela ukuba kube uhlelo ezinkulu kahle usethe flasks amaningi kufika ku-50 amalitha, kweyodwa omkhulu owodwa. Okufakiwe kufanele kube-opaque (ukuvimbela isixazululo izimbali). Uma lokhu ngakwesokunene, aid kuyofika umbala. Izitshalo sizikhandle kuvikelwe izimbiza izithombo. Ukuze lokhu nekhambi iziqukathi nge izimbobo ngomshini ne nokulindela ukuthi ngemva kokulilungisa izithombo phakathi phansi kanye nekhambi wahlala emoyeni.

Uma wonke amalungiselelo enziwa, ababuthelwa. Izithombo Itholakala iziqukathi nge substrate, okuyinto yena, benzelwe endaweni izakhi isixazululo ethangini. Ukusebenzisa hoses Kumiswa ababili-indlela yokukhulumisana phakathi futha isitsha. umugqa Omunye uya ukondla nezinye, okuthiwa "ithangi umugqa" - sokukhipha. Gilazi lapho ukudla wakhonza kumele ahlelwe nge eyehlelayo ukuze liphume igazi zemvelo nokusakazwa ngokugcwele izingxenye amaminerali yesixazululo.

A kancane yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali

Ukuze uthole ekwakhekeni nelungile isitshalo izakhi ngamunye kubalulekile ezifana phosphorus, i-potassium, i-nitrogen, i-calcium, magnesium nesibabule. Ngo amanani amancane ziphele manganese, insimbi, zinc, molybdenum, boron, chlorine nethusi. Khumbula ukuthi nomanyolo for izinhlelo hydroponic ngezandla zabo zenziwa ngezabelo esiqinile. Kuphoqelekile emva ukupheka kufanele ukuqapha pH value yesixazululo.

Lunqume ikhambi izakhi hydroponic kufanele kubhekwe. Sendlela kahle akhethiwe inhlanganisela yazo zonke izakhi mkhondo kubalulekile, kuzoncika cishe yonke into. Ukuze izinhlobo ezahlukene inhlanganisela enjalo izinto ezahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezikhathi ezithile ezikhombisa ukukhula kanye nokuthuthuka kudinga ukwanda ethile ekhuphukayo izingxenye.

izixazululo izakhi e-we

Kunezindlela ezimbili. Esikhathini sokuqala nje wathenga isethi kwesokudla izakhi mkhondo fertilizer ngenxa izinhlelo hydroponic, nakho konke buhlanjululwe olinganise kuboniswe. Amanzi Kunconywa ukuthatha abilisiwe noma distilled. Ngentando yakho ungathatha i Thepha abavamile ixazululwe. Khona-ke nje ukulawula ushintsho Ukwakheka, engeza, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile - esikhundleni. Lokhu kukhetha elula kakhulu, kodwa kuwufanele izindleko ezithile.

Kwelinye icala, ungakwazi ukulungiselela isixazululo ngoba uhlelo hydroponic ngezandla zabo. Phakathi zokupheka ngomumo eyenziwe, ungakhetha ezimbili ongakhetha ukuthi Site ezahlukene zezitshalo.

1. Isixazululo for izitshalo kanye lezihlahla zikhula kancane: 2 amathisipuni potassium phosphate, 2.5 - nitrate potassium, 4.5 - calcium nitrate 4 - magnesium sulfate ziyoncibilika 40 amalitha amanzi. Ukuze lokhu isixazululo ingezwe ziyoncibilika 1 ilitha lamanzi 1.25 isipuni boric acid, 1/10 ithisipuni manganese chloride. Uphiko wokugcina sengezwe 4/5 ithisipuni yensimbi chelate e 1.6 amalitha amanzi.
2. Isixazululo yokutshala imifino nokukhanya onothando: 2 amathisipuni potassium phosphate, 4 - nitrate potassium, 4.5 - calcium nitrate 4 - magnesium sulfate e 40 amalitha amanzi. Khona-ke izixazululo ezimbili kwanezelwa boric acid, manganese chloride nensimbi chelate njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.

isiphetho

Hydroponics - isiqondiso ethembisa ukwenziwa ukudla ku ezimbonini kanye ekhaya. amasu hydroponic kunezimo e nezinga lokukhula kanye imiqulu ukukhiqizwa. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuvumela ukuba ukushintsha ngokuphelele inqubo noma ukunciphisa Ukungenela komuntu esiphansi. amasethi Gcwalisa i-amaminerali izakhi izixazululo fertilizer ngenxa izinhlelo hydroponic kabanzi ngisho ezindaweni zokuhlala. Naphezu eyinkimbinkimbi sobala, uhlelo hydroponic okwaziyo ukukhulula njengoba imikhiqizo kuqedwa, kumnandi okubonwa nokunakekela.