Uyini Libretto: umlando ethemini

Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa uma sibuza ukuthi Libretto, izakhamizi ubudala 17-18, wayezobe washo ngokuqiniseka ukuthi le ncwadi! Empeleni, isihloko sale eside zomculo lihunyushwe ngaleyo ndlela. ngokuthi Ngaphambilini Libretto isisekelo kwezincwadi opera, i-ballet nezinye imisebenzi emangazayo. Leli bhukwana uhlobo oluthile simo lapho isenzo echazwe ukukhiqizwa esiteji. Kodwa ehlukile emkhatsini wetinhlobo letihlukene tembhalo ebengalidluliselanga abe unikezwa, ngoba indaba echazwe kule ncwajana, u Ihlobene ngokuseduze opera noma zomculo. Kakade leli gama kamuva waziwa ngokuthi umuntu izingcezu umculo.

Umlando Libretto

Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-18, zonke ukusebenza e isethi zomculo ukhiye, ukunamathela okuthile cebo. Lokhu kwaba ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi izinkinga esimangalisa kunazo ayefana. abaqambi eziningana imisebenzi yabo, mhlawumbe usebenzisa amaphuzu Libretto efanayo. Kodwa engxenyeni kwekhulu le-18 yesibili, kwakukhona ngisho ehlukile umsebenzi - ukubhala umculo. Librettist wayesenze amaphutha beveza izindaba ngabanye, singafani sangaphambilini. Lo muntu babazi kangcono kunanoma ubani ukuthi Libretto, futhi uma sisebenzisana ne umqambi wayesekulungele ukunikeza ongakhetha efanelekayo. Yiqiniso, kwakudingekile ukuba baqonde futhi adlulisele umqondo umlobi yangempela, uhlobo lomsebenzi okukhulu. Singasho ukuthi ngaphambi librettists kwadingeka umsebenzi onzima - makuqoqwe izinkondlo, umculo ingxenye nokusetha isinyathelo namaqhawe. Ngokwesibonelo, abaculi abaziwayo kwalesi uhlobo babe R. Kaltsabidzhi (Gluck wajabulela yosizo lwakhe, abasebenza 'Orpheus futhi Eurydice') kanye Yebo Lonte (wabambisana Mozart, Tchaikovsky, Rimsky-Korsakov nezinye bomculo ezinkulu).

Uyini Libretto ngekhulu le-19?

Kulezi zikhathi abalobi professional ukubhala izisekelo etemibhalo wemidlalo ye-opera, ballets futhi operettas waqala shift abaqambi. Nokho, ukuze siqonde ukuthi kusho ukuthini Libretto futhi kanjani they umphelelisi isitatimende, kudingeka lokusungula eside. Sasiphakathi kwabahamba abaqambi kanye labo eziye zaqhubeka ukubambisana librettists, kodwa wayebethemba kakade enze neminye imisebenzi. Man Ngokwesibonelo, kwadingeka ukulungiselela kuphela umbhalo senkondlo.

Izibonelo ukwakhiwa kanye nababhali babo

Isisekelo Libretto futhi kuze kube namuhla kukhona izincwadi, okuyinto okwenziwa ngokuhambisana umculo esiteji izidingo. Ngokwesibonelo, lesi sici kungabonwa ngokuqhathanisa "iNdlovukazi Spades" by Pushkin futhi Tchaikovsky nencazelo yalo. Bambalwa umsebenzi walesi uhlobo kungenziwa ngokuthi ezizimele, okulotshwe ngqo yezilungiselelo ethile. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umqambi uRichard Wagner nayo yonke imisebenzi yakhe, wabhala Libretto bebodwa ezaziwayo. Wayefanele ithalente efanayo no-Aleksandru Serov, umqambi Russian. He is nombhali Libretto of the opera "UJudith" futhi "Rognada", nakuba yokugcina ebhaliwe ngokubambisana yaseshashalazini umhlaziyi Dmitriem Averkievym.

Ukuhlobana uhlobo ezikhathini zanamuhla

yaseshashalazini Modern zomculo akuyona esikhundleni futhi ngenkuthalo inikeza ababukeli izinhlobo ezintsha kanye productions. Yiqiniso, emisha yesiteleka kakhulu kwaba zomculo. I Libretto salokhu uhlobo ehlukile kancane, ngoba lokhu ukukhiqizwa zomculo kusala "bomdabu" we Awe-Operetta American. I zomculo ngokuyisisekelo futhi incazelo zomculo we umsebenzi wokubhala. Nokho, kuye kwaba ngaphezulu waseshashalazini kulekelelwa nobuciko bokusina, okuhleliwe izimo, waphonsa plastic ikakhulukazi. Futhi-ke, indima esemqoka udlalwa yi-umculo, okusho ukuthi Libretto kulokhu uthola ukubaluleka okuningi kunalokho iye yasetshenziswa i Awe-Operetta.