Uyini catabolism? Izinqubo catabolism izigaba

umzimba wethu uhlelo emangalisayo wakwazi ukugcina ukuxhumana esitalini imvelo. Lokhu kufezwa ngokushintsha umzimba noma njengoba ibizwa, umzimba. Umzimba ngokwawo ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili: catabolism (amandla umzimba) kanye anabolism (umzimba plastic). Abantu abaningi ukudida imiqondo le. Kodwa nokho zihluke. Ake sibone ukuthi yini catabolism.

Umehluko catabolism kusukela anabolism

Lezi zinqubo okuphambene ngokwemvelo. Anabolism - inqubo yokuthola izinhlelo zamagama izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kusuka kulokulula. Futhi iyini catabolism? Le nqubo reverse. Isibonelo lingasethwa anabolism yemisipha. Futhi njengoba isibonelo catabolism kungabangela eziningi ezibalulekile umzimba womuntu nendlela ezisabela ngayo.

Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abaningi thanda amazambane, angithi? Omunye izinto eziyisisekelo kuwo, ukudala ukunambitheka ezimnandi, kuyinto isitashi. Le into is a polysaccharide. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sinzima kakhulu emvelweni carbohydrate. Ngakho, it siqukethe sebuningini nezinye carbohydrate, futhi kungenziwa ukubola zibe ngaphansi compounds eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ekupheleni isitashi is ukubola umzimba ukuze glucose. It kuyinto catabolism.

utshwala catabolism

Isibonelo sesibili noqhekeko of catabolism utshwala ukuze acetic acid. Le nqubo wenziwa izinyathelo ezimbili usebenzisa enzyme ezimbili. Okokuqala - kuba utshwala dehydrogenase. Lokhu enzyme obangela catabolism ka-ethanol ukuze acetaldehyde. Ingqikithi kuyinto anobuthi, ngakho-ke abakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside emzimbeni. Ukuthi imbangela a Hangover. Kodwa akulona iphuzu.

Esiteji catabolism ka ETHYL utshwala yesibili - kuyinto cleavage ngu enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase acetaldehyde ukuba acetic acid okuyinto excreted emzimbeni. Kukhona ezinye izibonelo catabolism. Ngokwesibonelo, amafutha kungenziwa wajinge wanamatsela ukuze glycerol futhi ama-fatty acid, amaprotheni - ukuze amino acid. For bodybuilders uhlobo lokugcina catabolism kuyinto ngempela ezingemnandi, njengoba akusho sithole yemisipha.

Isayensi catabolism

Catabolism kuhloswe ukuthi umzimba ungakwazi kukhicitwe emandla. Empeleni, noma yimuphi ikhemikhali kusetshenzwe umzimba, iwumthombo ATP - triphosphate adenosine. Lokhu-molecule ekhethekile senzelwe isitoreji, okungukuthi, ekuqongeleleni amandla emzimbeni. Inani ketshezi oluphakeme elinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba njalo agcwaliswa. Futhi lokhu kungenziwa kuphela indlela eyodwa - ngosizo catabolism. Inqubo yenzeka ngezigaba eziningana. Ake sicabangele zonke izigaba catabolism.

Isigaba sokuqala

Isinyathelo sokuqala catabolism - lisuselwa cleavage izidakamizwa ukudla enzyme akhethekile. Ukuze ezinye izinto, indima enzyme ongenza hormone. Ngokwesibonelo, ushukela uhlaba insulini ekhiqizwa amanyikwe. Ngakho isigaba unikezwa kuphela isici exotherm. Akukona zinyamalale benganakwa muntu.

Ikakhulukazi, it is isetshenziselwa ukunakekela impilo ejwayelekile ezingeni umzimba. Futhi sizizwa le nqubo njengoba ekulondolozweni kwezindawo lokushisa ezithile emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mbuthano ngempela ezithakazelisayo. Ngemva kungenzeka catabolism kwenziwe kuphela uma kukhona lokushisa ethile. Ukushisa kuyinto kulethe zemvelo ngazo zonke izinqubo zamakhemikhali emzimbeni noma imvelo. Inqubo wokuqhekeka izinto bubaluleke ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho asikho isigaba sesibili lubaluleke.

umlenze wesibili

Isigaba sesibili libizwa glycolysis. Kulesi sigaba, ke sibhekana cleavage glucose. Le nqubo ibizwa kwenziwe cytoplasm cell. Ngenxa yezinto esigabeni sesibili, u-40% kugcinwa njengoba ATP, futhi okusele amandla okuholela isetshenziswa njengoba ukushisa. Ngokuvamile, thermoregulation emzimbeni, njengoba sibona, kubiza okukhulu. Kakhulu ngaphezu kwesigamu amandla Imininingwane ekhiqizwa ichithwa nje lokulondoloza ukushisa komzimba evamile. Lesi sigaba senzeka ngaphandle iqhaza oxygen.

Isigaba sesithathu - Oxygen

Lesi sigaba of catabolism senzeka nge iqhaza ngqo oxygen. Wathwala ku mitochondria, okuyizinto accumulator yethu yemvelo. Lezi zici ilungu elithile lomzimba wethu incane kakhulu, abakwazi angabonwa ngeso lenyama. Kulokhu, lezi amabhethri ayatholakala engqamuzaneni ngalinye, uyakwazi umzimba. Futhi kukhona ukunqwabelana ATP. Futhi esigabeni sesithathu is abethela ngokuphelele synthesis triphosphate adenosine.

indlela evamile catabolism

General catabolism kusengathiwa isethi izinqubo ezifana:

• I namachibi of pyruvate ukuze acetyl-CoA. Le nqubo ithatha indawo ngaphansi enzyme ithonya, ukwakha iqoqo igama ezithakazelisayo "pyruvate dehydrogenase eziyinkimbinkimbi." Kodwa lezi imininingwane azibalulekile ngempela kumuntu ovamile.
• Okulandelayo iyona namachibi of acetyl-CoA. Kuqhamuka okuthiwa citric acid umjikelezo. Ibizwa nangokuthi umjikelezo Krebs. Le nqubo ukhiye senzelwe kwezimila yeselula. Akubona bonke, yebo, kodwa labo ezisebenzisa i-oxygen kuphela. Kuyinto ngokusebenzisa umjikelezo Krebs kamuva kwakhiwa inqubo tekwakha anabolism (zamagama) ATP, okuyinto umthombo enkulu amandla kuseli.
• Ngemva kwalokhu amandla ikhishwe, kukhona ukunqwabelana yayo (inqwaba). Lokhu kungenxa metabolites dehydrogenation, okuyinto ziye zaphumela ngokuhamba owedlule ezimbili izinqubo catabolism. dehydrogenation Ngokusobala kwenzeka mitochondrial electron ezokuthutha chain.

Lezi izinqubo catabolism kubaluleke kakhulu abantu. Ngaphandle kwawo ngeke kwenzeke ukuba sibe khona, kusukela ATP catabolism ikhishwe amandla, bese kusetshenziswa njengoba ikhambi jikelele amuncwa imizimba yethu.

acid acid catabolism

Yebo, kwamaprotheni phansi emzimbeni ku-amino acid. Kodwa hhayi kuphela ukuthi kwenzeka futhi emzimbeni wethu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lo ama-amino acid nazo ngqo iqhaza kule catabolism. Inqubo ngokwaso iyinkimbinkimbi, kanjalo ulwazi oluyisisekelo kuphela, engesiyo kanzima okungenele abafundi. It amino acid kukhona eyinhloko okuyinto amaprotheni zakhiwa.

Ayikho ingxenye yomzimba, okwakuyoholela asidingi amaprotheni. Nokho, ezinye zazo kungaba yingozi. Izifo ezenzeka ngenxa ukubukeka amaprotheni somzimba normal ngokuthi prions. Futhi, kuyathakazelisa ngokwanele, bangakwazi sabanjwa isikhashana.

okutholakele

Saqonda ukuthi kuleli catabolism nokuthi iquketheni umzimba wethu. Isizathu sisobala. Ngisho izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu kukhona ngezinye izikhathi eziphindaphindekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo asikwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle lezi zinto. Catabolism ukhiqiza hhayi kuphela amandla, kodwa futhi ukuqeda okwedlula lokho kuyadingeka ukuze umzimba wethu. Vele into kakhulu - kungcono embi. Futhi leli qiniso kufanele kubhekwe.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi catabolism imfundo jikelele hhayi kuphela kodwa futhi, isibonelo, ukuze ngishise isisindo okweqile. Kodwa kumelwe kube siqaphelisise, ngoba ngaphezu catabolism fat zokusha futhi yemisipha. Akanandaba ukuthi uwela ngaphansi kwenkululeko.