Ussuri reserve: State Nature Reserve Primorsky Krai

Ussuri Indawo egicna imvelo e Primorye Territory usethathe umsebenzi omkhulu ukuze wonge nomnotho wezwe zemvelo. Izivakashi nethuba ukubona zonke ubukhazikhazi lezi zindawo. Banikwa ithuba ukuhamba endleleni semvelo. Ukuvakashela Museum endawo nemvelo, uke bajwayelane umlando nabakhileyo esiqiwini.

ekudalweni

Ngo-1913, isazi sezitshalo Komarov wafika lapha ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana izimila zendawo. Kodwa ukudala indawo kwendawo evikelwe kwaba kungabonakali ngokushesha, kodwa ngo-1932. Lokhu ukusiza i-USSR. Insimu sathathwa ngaphansi kolawulo ekhethekile ukuze ukuvikela nokulondoloza zezinyoni ezingavamile, okuyinto vele ngaleso sikhathi babe ku-Red Incwadi yezwe.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana esiqiwini

Esiqiwini ihlanganisa indawo ye Ussuri futhi Shkotovsky izindawo. endaweni kwalo kufinyelela 40.432 amahektha. Kukhona amachibi kanye Artemivka Komarovka emifuleni. Omunye ingcebo kulezi zindawo amahlathi Liana lezihlahla, okuyinto cishe unyamalale Ekude.

impumuzo

Ussuri Reserve ezahlukene ephansi entabeni sezwe. Ezinye eziqongweni entabeni ongafinyelela ayi-700, kodwa ngokuvamile ukuphakama isilinganiso - 300-400 amamitha. rocks Local - kuyinto oluthambile, sandstone, le-basalt ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, asebenza ngebhethri porphyries. Kukhona diabase futhi andesite porphyry, akha ungumthombo ongumngcingo nakangaka yokhalo. Kukhona limestone kweminyango, futhi babo kuyinto Massif enhle enamadwala eyaziwa ngokuthi Zmeinka ngecala langasentla we Reserve. Kuyinto obhalwini igama enkondlo "Sleeping Beauty".

On the indawo kukhona intaba-inhlabathi yasehlathini izinhlobo ngamandla ezahlukene. Futhi, kukhona wapheka-anesihlabathi kanye anesihlabathi izinhlobo inhlabathi brown ejwayelekile ka emfuleni izigodi.

Isimo sezulu

Reserve Ussuriysky iphathelene lase-Amur-Ussuri endaweni zezulu, okuyinto libhekene ngokulinganisela yezimvula sezulu izici. izinsuku ungqoqwane ngonyaka, kunezinguqulo ezingaba ngu-105-120. Uma thina ukhupha izinga lokushisa laminyaka yonke kuwubufakazi 2.5 ^° C Agasti is ngenyanga olufudumele nge uphawu isilinganiso 19.7 ^° C ngo-January (ngenyanga enomoya) - -17.9 ^C. Kodwa inhlabathi esiphezulu ngokuphelele iqinile 60 ^C no -32 ° ^C okungenani ngonyaka ngokwesilinganiso 700-800 mm yemvula, kodwa kwenzeke iminyaka ezomile (500 mm) semvula (1200 mm). Isilinganiso nomswakama yonyaka - 70-80%.

Ngakho, ngokuvamile, isimo sezulu libhekene: ukushisa kwehlobo, ezimanzi, ebusika - iqhwa kancane, ngokulinganisela ezinzima.

izimila

Flora yase Ussuriisk Esiqiwini zahlukahlukene kakhulu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi cishe ngo-98% ala masimu elalihlala amahlathi okuxubile coniferous kanye lezihlahla. Kodwa lapha obanzi kunayo amahlathi coniferous-lezihlahla (kwendawo bangu-42%).

abasebenzi Reserve benza ucwaningo bese zisanda inani nezitshalo phakathi kwabo: amakhowe - engaphezu kuka-1000, cishe 820 zama-semithambo, 250 wona, ngu-200 zinhlobo ulwelwe, ulele amakhulu.

Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezivamile izihlahla ilapha umsedari-Korean (ke itshe zikaphayini), abies fir holophylla, ophuzi birch, hornbeam serdtselistny, ziyadliwa Manchurian, sonwele ajanensis. Futhi ubuswa Linden Tacke, Linden Amur kanye Manchurian, elms nezigodi Lobed, Maple encane enezicabha kanye nezinye izinhlobo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ussuri Indawo egicna imvelo amumethe nezihlahla, phakathi awo: Honeysuckle, spirea, hazel lesiManchu, emihle enezicabha orange mbumbulu, ginseng eSiberia. Ngu Liana zihlanganisa magnolia Chinese mvini, Actinidia Kolomikta futhi Argut, lase-Amur amagilebhisi.

On insimu sikhule amakhambi amaningi. Kulawa, izinhlobo njalo iningi ezehlukene Dryopteris, sedge, horsetails, athyrium, oxalis, rue nabanye.

Kodwa ukubaluleka eziyinhloko izitshalo ezisohlwini Incwadi Red. Lezi zihlanganisa yew, ginseng Okuyınqo, Prinsep Chinese zokhuni okuqinile, kalopanax semilopastny futhi Pinus densiflora.

Ussuri reserve: izilwane nezinyoni

Njengoba le ndawo ngokuphelele ngaphansi ikhava yehlathi, uye wadala izimo esihle kakhulu izidalwa eziningi eziphilayo. Kulezi zindawo, sathola indawo yokuhlala izilwane ejwayelekile ye ehlathini. Ngakho Ussuri Indawo egicna imvelo ivikela esigodlweni sakhe 62 zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlobo phezu 160 zezinyoni, 7 - ezihuquzelayo, 6 - eziphila emanzini nasezweni, 12 - izinhlanzi kanye cyclostomes. Kunezindlela eziningi ezingenamgogodla, phakathi okuyinto 32 zinhlobo eNcwadini Red. Esiqiwini ungathola ibhungane elikhulu ezweni - the barbel esifuze. Futhi, lapho ngendiza butterfly ezinkulu - hvostonosets Maak, brameya Tankre Saturn-Arthemisi.

Esiqiwini iyikhaya izimbila eziningi, izingulube zasendle, izingwejeje, izimvukuzane obomvu, amakholomu, obomvu izinyamazane. Phakathi izinyoni kungenziwa ngokuthi lesiqophamithi (Aged nomhlophe-wasekela), oatmeal (ama-yellow-grey esinamakhanda), grouse gaichek tits white-bellied futhi omnyama engumondli. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuthi umfula ubuswa izinyoni lapha.

Injongo esiqiwini ukulondoloza kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingavamile ekuqothulweni, ngakho kukhona eziningi ekuphileni kwabantu ezisohlwini Incwadi Red. Phakathi izinyoni ezihlobene Buzzard enjalo uklebe, Mandarin, iglonogaya Ketha, onesiqhova Honey Buzzard, Black Stork nabanye. Ngaphandle izinyoni zikhona izilwane ezifana Far Eastern ihlathi ikati, indlu Asian Shrew, zaseHimalaya black bear, ingwe vostochnosibirsky, izinyamazane nezimanakanaka nabanye abaningi, esivikela Ussuri Indawo egicna imvelo. Ihlosi Amur futhi sibonga abahlali yini nathi lapha wakwazi ukwandisa bakhona.

Esiqiwini iyikhaya ezingenamgogodla ezingavamile, isibonelo, kuyinto Uvarova intethe futhi ayibanzi-chested phansi ibhungane.

Phakathi esiqiwini iyisikhungo imfundo eziyizintandane bear amawundlu, okuyinto akhiqizwa ngeminyaka.

Ulwazi izivakashi reserve

Labo abafisa ukuvakashela kulezi zindawo ezimangalisayo, kufanele wazi ukuthi kukhona imizila ekhethekile zenzelwe ukuhlola kangcono yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Ekupheleni uhambo, kukhona bayabuka ezisekelweni esibheke ihlathi. Enhliziyweni esiqiwini kufanele endlini lapho ayehlala Komarov naseduze - endaweni yakhe yokungcwaba. Libuye omunye izinto ezithakazelisayo Zmeinka entabeni emihumeni, elinye lawo ungabona ezithakazelisayo izithombe yosizo eyakhiwa ezikhathini zasendulo.