US thymus: Indlela Yokwenza ngoba kwezinkambiso

A uhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zomzimba womuntu - mzimba. Yena unesibopho zonke izinqubo nomuntu kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe. Uma kwenzeke kunoma ukushayisana kohlelo, kuba isiqiniseko ukuba nomthelela empilweni. US thymus liyohlonza izinkinga ezingaba khona nale ngxenye namasosha omzimba futhi ngesikhathi ukuze uwasuse.

"Baby Umnakekeli" thymus

Impilo - ngomnotho womuntu obaluleke kakhulu. Emzimbeni, kukhona yonke uhlelo lecinisekisa kutsi, ngesikhathi ukususa "izivakashi" engadingeki ngesimo amagciwane futhi amaseli "okubi" sithela izinkinga nokugula. A indima enkulu kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kudlala thymus - indlala thymus. Uma kukhona izinkinga emsebenzini walo mzimba, kubalulekile ukwenza ultrasound indlala thymus. Izinkomba salokhu inqubo - ukuphambuka e isimo sempilo yomuntu.

Thymus - uhlobo incubator lapho sizalwa, sikhule, ukutadisha olunye T-amaseli kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Ngakho le ndlala thymus - uhlobo ngophethe i ingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba womuntu.

Ezokuphepha T cell

Emandleni thymus, ama-T cell (T-cells) bafeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yomuntu. Esikhathini inqubo yentuthuko yabo, zihlukaniswe amaqembu amaningana, amabili elikhulu kubo - amaseli T-umsizi ne-T-killer cells. Futhi, le ndlala thymus ukhiqiza lymphocyte ezithile ukuthi aqaphele lipid antigen. indima yabo, nakuba ezahlukene, kodwa uku ndawo ngaphandle nomunye. T-umsizi amaseli (umsizi amaseli) ukusiza ukuthola ingozi efomini antigen, okubangela umzimba ngenkuthalo aphendule nsada ezinjalo. T-killer cells (killer) nokujaha ezilimele amangqamuzana omzimba futhi awabhubhise. T-suppressors, futhi i-thymus, futhi banesibopho ukukhiqizwa kula maseli ehilelekile ukulawulwa amasosha omzimba ukuba umsebenzi nezinye T cell.

Thymus nengane yezempilo

Zonke kwezitho izinhlelo zomzimba womuntu sibekwa inkathi sokukhulelwa. Thymus livela kanye ucala kutfutfukisa cishe 6 ngesonto th yokukhulelwa. Kodwa ngemva ukubukeka indoda ekukhanyeni lokhu umzimba ebalulekile akagcini sokugcwaliseka kwaso. Kuze kube seminyakeni mayelana 14, okusho ukuthi kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni sokuthomba thymus eba.

Ultrasound indlala thymus ezinganeni ivumela ukuhlonza zokugula kungenzeka yentuthuko for the nokuvinjelwa izinkinga zezempilo. Kwaphela isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka omunye imvuthu kulomzimba ukhonza njengoba ukuzivikela eyinhloko emagciwaneni, abazami ukukuzwisa ubuhlungu ingane. With ukuthuthukiswa zonke zomzimba, indima thymus e esemncane phakathi akuyona encishisiwe, namanje ukhiqiza ama-T cell empilweni. Kuyinto ukuthi thymus ezinganeni osanda kuzalwa ikhuphukile osayizi, ingacishwa noma ukuba mancane ngendlela engavamile, okuba nomthelela omubi omzimba isimo somntwana iyonke. Yingakho kubalulekile ngokushesha afeze ultrasound thymus ingane.

Thymus e abadala

Ngemva ukuqala ukuthomba, umsebenzi indlala thymus kancane kancane buphela nokuguga kuyehla ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlala thymus uqobo futhi kuncike izinguquko involutional - eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 75-80, uye avuselelwa cishe ngokuphelele sezicubu zezinzwa futhi okunamafutha, ezuza umbala aphuzi.

Kungani i-thymus uyayeka ukusebenza?

Thymus - iyingxenye ebalulekile izimiso zomzimba futhi endocrine. Njengoba bekhula, zonke kwezitho nezicubu bavezwa izinguquko enqabayo ukuthi ukukhuthalele kubonakala ku-thymus. Yingakho eyeka ezikhulayo, kodwa usebenza yonke yokuphila komuntu ngendlela kwamaciko. Uma ubamba US thymus e abadala, ke izobonwa ekushintsheni izicubu emzimbeni nge esikhundleni kancane kancane ku stroma namafutha kanye nokwehla okukhulu ngosayizi.

Yini engabangela zokugula we-thymus?

ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile indlala thymus, ukuhlukumeza imisebenzi yayo inomphumela omubi empilweni yomuntu, ikakhulukazi izingane. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi umntwana wakhe esezelwe ngaphandle lokhu umzimba kubalulekile, noma nge-thymus ampofu. Khona-ke umntwana sengozini enkulu - izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane, izifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba kanye izimila okusongela impilo nokuphila uhlala. Nokho, lezi zinkinga efanayo futhi kubangela ukushabalala umsebenzi thymic kwabadala. US thymus - indlela eyanele ekunakeni ekuqaleni we pathologies zalo.

Lisho ukuthini-ultrasound scan ka-thymus?

Kukhona izindlela eziningana ucwaningo thymus - X-ray, tomography, ultrasound. Ethandwa kakhulu futhi ezingabizi indlela ukuhlola lokhu umzimba - ultrasound indlala thymus. Yini ukuthi ucwaningo? uphethwe Ultrasonic evumela indlela emnene ukuba bahlole kudingekile nababonelelayo kulolu hlobo zemizimba ucwaningo. Ngesikhathi inqubo wembula zokugula ubukhulu thymus, izicubu zawo, kanye indawo. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa mayelana umsebenzi indlala thymus, kanye lokuqoka izindlela ezengeziwe lokuhlolwa, uma noma iyiphi nemingcele bengafani kuyinsakavukela. ucwaningo olunzulu umsebenzi umzimba ebalulekile womuntu mzimba kuzovikela ukuthuthukiswa sengozini yokuthola izifo.

Izimpawu zezinkinga thymus

Omunye pathologies, okuyinto kuyabonakala phakathi uphethwe ultrasonic, - Thymomegalia. Ngakho kuyinto ukwanda Usayizi indlala thymus. Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo indlala thymus in nezingane bahlukaniswa baba yizigaba ezingu ezimbili - entanyeni nasesifubeni, nakuba omdala thymus wesibeletho engekho nhlobo. Ukwanda thymus, kanye ukungezwakali kwawo kuholela nezinkinga zempilo ezingathí sina. Izimpawu izinkinga ukusebenza kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwezwekazi lase-thymus ezilandelayo:

• ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, ingane ngokuvamile ogulayo;
• ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi - hypotension;
• tachycardia - ukuhlukumeza umsebenzi komqondo inhliziyo;
• dysplasia izitho zobulili, futhi abafana namantombazane;
• cryptorchidism;
• ukukhuluphala;
• Hyperhidrosis - Ukujuluka;
• ongaphakeme-ebangeni imfiva ehlala isikhathi eside;
• yengane ukukhwehlela ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• capillary iphethini kungabonwa esifubeni.

Ukubonakaliswa lezi zimpawu, noma ndawonye noma ngokuhlukana, kudinga yokudluliselwa kuchwepheshe. Doctor imithi edingekayo ukuze ihlolwe izinyane iqoqo cwaningo ezidingekayo futhi izifundo, kuhlanganise ultrasound indlala thymus.

Kushiwo ngamuphi umqondo ukuthi ultrasound thymus e abadala kanye nezingane?

Uma usola i-pathology wengane thymus inikezwa luhlolo, okuhlanganisa umzimba ultrasound. Ingabe ultrasound thymus ingane kufanele ibe iseluleko sikadokotela, hhayi igweme lolu hlobo locwaningo. Ukuze abantwana babo bonke ubudala indlela zokuqhuba lolu hlolo kuyoba ukuhluka. ukuhlolwa okuphoqelekile kumele kwenziwe kusenesikhathi ukuze izinkomba ezithile.

Okungabizi futhi eziyisisekelo indlela - ultrasound indlala thymus. Izici nezinqubo ziyavumelana yobudala lesiguli. Ngakho, uma ingane incane kakhulu, akayena ngisho izinyanga 9, khona-ke kufanele abulawe ngemuva lombhede yezokwelapha, wamshaya ikhanda lakhe emuva kancane. Ukuze kube lula inqubo ngaphansi entanyeni ingane kuyadingeka ukuze wabeka isicamelo ewumngcingo ekhethekile noma isiguqo, iphuma aphume inabukeni abavamile.

Uma ingane kakade ihlala kahle futhi izinyanga emidala kuno 9, kungenziwa yayo isifundo watshala. Izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kuka-eyodwa nengxenye noma iminyaka emibili kungaba ibhekane ultrasound thymus nokuma. Abadala othola uphethwe thymus noma ulele noma umile. isikhathi luhlolo Asihlali isikhathi eside, kodwa kungadinga izindlela ezengeziwe futhi izifundo. Nokho, ultrasound indlala thymus, okuyinto inqubo kakade eziklanywe ngokucophelela, ihlinzeka ulwazi sasivumela esicacile kule umzimba.

Norm kanye nokusuka

Thymus isuke isebenza kakhulu ebuntwaneni indoda. A usana it has a isisindo 15-17 amagremu nobungako kwakhona ku ezahlukene 4-5 cm ngesikhathi ukushuba 6 mm. Ekuqaleni ngesikhathi sokuthomba, lapho i-thymus eyeka ukuthuthuka kwayo, isisindo salo kumele abe phakathi 28 kuya 34 amagremu, futhi ubukhulu basukela amasentimitha 7.5 16.

Le ndlela yokwenza yocwaningo ukucacisa indawo indlala thymus kanye Ubukhulu bayo ukuba uhlelo ngakuthathu, kanye nokwakheka kwezicubu. Ukuze nemingcele ofanayo indlela ekhethekile kanye elihambisana ebalisisiwe isisindo okuza ka-thymus.

Ezinganeni esisindo ezingaphezu kuka-30 grams kubhekwa ukuba lenyuke. Ukubalwa nenqwaba onguchwepheshe thymus amasu athile emvumela ukuba ubone ukuthi kokuhlaziywa ngokuyisa phambili ezinye izindlela noma ingane iyakhula uhla evamile kuyadingeka.

Kuyinsakavukela inqunywe isayensi ezomhlaba Ubukhulu: ukuphakama, ububanzi nobude thymus, kanye isisindo sayo. Ngakho, isisindo thymus kufanele luhambisane-avareji yamaphesende 0,18-0,38% we isisindo umzimba wengane. Shintsha amasethingi noma isiqondiso kudinga izindlela ezengeziwe ukuxilongwa. Futhi, abantwana ultrasonography thymus indlala sokuhlola ukuvumelana we kwezicubu ezakha umzimba thymus ukuze ngesikhathi esifanele ukuthola izimila kungenzeka, nakuba imiphumela ukhonkolo emkhakheni ultrasound uphethwe akwanele.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma kunenkinga?

Uma usola inkinga nge omzimba ingane wezingane kufanele njalo liqoke thymus US. Ezinganeni, ngesilinganiso ubukhulu nesisindo - inkomba eyinhloko impilo thymus. Futhi uma engekho umzimba noma nokungathuthuki yayo ngempela zidinga kokungenela ngabezempilo uhlobo oluthile lokwelapha kwama-hormone, lapha Thymomegalia - ukwanda ubukhulu nesisindo indlala thymus - ngokuvamile edinga esiphuthumayo. Ngokuvamile, le nkinga kudlulela iminyaka 6, lapho i-thymus iba usayizi ukuthi kumele kube abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-ingane.

Kodwa labangakhoni uxilongwe ngesikhathi kuhlolwa "Thymomegalia" libonisa zokuqapha njalo, ukwelashwa kanye izinyathelo zokuvimbela efomini ukuze athole ukwelashwa komzimba, ukudla uvithamini C futhi izingxenye immunostimulatory. Uma kudingeka, ingane inikezwa yokwelapha i-hormone. Amasu for ekwelapheni nokugcinwa thymomegaly kunqunywa emandleni isifo - 1, 2 noma 3 d.

Isici yokuphila umntwana osanda kuzalwa, i-isencane futhi phakathi ngokugoma njalo. Lapho uphethwe Thymomegalia 1 st noma 2 nd degree ukubamba lezi izinyathelo zokuvimbela kwamukelekile ngemuva kokuxoxisana wezingane kanye endocrinology. Yandisa ka thymus esinyathelweni 3rd kusikisela yokugoma medotvod.

SPL indlela: ngobuhle nangobubi bawo

Phezu ukuthola izinkinga zempilo, ikakhulukazi ingane, kubalulekile kudokotela. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi ngeziphambeko obonakala ungelutho ezifana njalo ikhala, ukukhwehlela, ukujuluka, kungaba izimpawu zokuqala nezinkinga ezingathí sina, ezifana isimo kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni futhi thymus ngokukhethekile. Eyodwa yezindlela ucwaningo njalo olwenziwa kakhulu - ultrasound indlala thymus. lokhu umzimba kwezinkambiso impilo zinqunywa ngokuhambisana yobudala kwengane. Futhi indlela ultrasound uphethwe lembula ukuthi sinjani ngempela isimo impilo thymus. Njengazo zonke izindlela ukuxilongwa, ultrasound has ezinhlangothini zalo ezinhle, kanye nokushiyeka.

Ultrasound ohlangothini oluhle njengendlela ukuhlola indlala thymus - kuyinto:

• ukutholakala kanye lula lobuchwepheshe indlela;
• kobuhlungu;
• non-koda;
• Ukunemba okuphezulu ngemiphumela inhlolovo;
• izindlela athuthukile kokubala kwemigomo thymus ngesikhathi le ndlela ucwaningo.

Nemibi ultrasound ngesikhathi ekuhlolweni thymus:

• ekutholeni umzimba test ngaphakathi thorax - zokufinyelela sibi isignali ultrasonic;
• ubukhulu encane-thymus;
• ukungakwazi ukuthola izinguquko sokugembula kwezicubu zomzimba.

Kodwa ngisho naphezu ezinye izinkinga, ultrasound thymus iyona ndlela eyinhloko ulwazi of luhlolo. Ngokusho imiphumela yalolu cwaningo, odokotela linqume izinqubo ezengeziwe, ezizosebenza amatshe njengoba ukunyathela lokulungiselela uphethwe eziqondile.

Ukuze impilo kumele ilashwe ngokucophelela, ngoba ngisho ushintsho oluncane ku isimo sempilo kungaba harbingers izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto, njengoba kusho, kulula ukuvimbela esingayenza ngaphandle kokuthi siphathe kamuva.