Umshini wokushisa oshisayo: incazelo, izici, idivayisi nokubuyekeza

Ngenhloso yokupholisa uketshezi, kusetshenziswe amadivaysi akhethekile, abizwa ngokuthi ukushintshanisa ukushisa. Bayakwazi ukusebenza ngamajusi, ubisi namafutha ahlukahlukene. Amadijithali oyinhloko ahlanganisa ukusebenza nokufaka. Ukwengeza, ubukhulu bedivaysi bucatshangelwa. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuhwebelana kokushisa, kufanelekile ukucabangela isakhiwo nokusebenza kwazo.

Ama-exchange exchange heatbular: idivayisi kanye nemigomo yokusebenza

I-exchanger evamile yokushisa iqukethe izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nomhlaziyizi. Kukhona ikhava eceleni kwecala. Izibhamu zamamodeli zihleliwe kuma-racks. Uhlaka lokushisa lokushisa lunamathele kumthengisi wokushisa okushisa. Isimiso sokusebenza kwamadivaysi sisekelwe ekususweni ketshezi nge-coolant. Okokuqala, into efaka ipayipi legatsha le-inlet. Izinga lokupholisa kuleli cala lixhomeke ekushiseni kokuqala ketshezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude nobubanzi bamapayipi bayacatshangelwa. Ukwandisa ukuqina kwezakhiwo, izindandatho ezikhethekile zokugqoka ziyasetshenziswa.

Izinhlobo zokushisa ukushisa

Ngokuklama, i-tubular-lamellar, ukugeleza kokuhamba, ukugeleza okuqondile, nezinhlobonhlobo ezihamba phambili zihlukile. Amapayipi angaba endaweni eqondile noma enezingqimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlukaniswa kwamadivayisi kwenzeka ngaphezu kobubanzi bezinkokhelo.

Ukuguqulwa kwamathuluzi we-tubular

Ama-exchange exchange heat tubular abonakala ngokusebenza kahle. Ukuze uthole ama-juice, ama-model athandiswa njalo. Ngokuyisisekelo zenziwa ngamatayipi ezincane. Amabhodlela ayenziwe ngensimbi. Kwezinye izimo, amamodeli anama-rack amathathu. Umthamo wamaphakathi ulinganiselwa ku- 20 amalitha ngomzuzu. Futhi kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ezitolo kukhona ukuguqulwa nge-adapters.

Ukushaya, njengombuso, kusetshenziswa nge-linings. Amadivaysi ahluke kakhulu ngobubanzi bombhobho. Ngaphambi kokuguqulwa kukhona amaflegi amancane. Izindandatho zokugqoka zisetshenziswa ukuvikela amamodeli. Misa ukuhweba ukushisa i-tubular (intengo yemakethe) cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-120.

Izici zokuguqulwa okuzungezile

Amamodeli walolu hlobo ajwayelekile kakhulu. Emabhizinisini asezimboni ukushisa ukushisa kwe-tubular (enezingqimba) kuyafaneleka ngokuphawulekayo. Inkomba yokuziphatha yamamodeli, njengomthetho, ayidluli ama-130 amalitha ngomzuzu. I-tube exchanger yokushisa ivame ukutholakala kuma-dairies. Amapayipi kuleli cala ahlelwe ezigcawini ezikhethekile.

Ezinye izinkampani zifaka ukuguqulwa emasimini amakhulu. Ukushisa ama-tubes kusetshenziselwa ama-diameter ahlukene. Amagxolo, njengombuso, angaphambi kwezakhiwo ezihambisana nezembozo. Ukushisa kwe-coolant kule nkinga kuxhomeke emandleni omodeli. Amapayipi egatsha axhunyiwe kuma-adapters. Ukwakhiwa kwama-heat exchanges ukushisa kwe-tubular kusekelwe ikakhulu e-USA.

Imingcele yedivaysi efana

I-exhaust exhaust tubular enamalungiselelo amahle wamapayipi afanelekile kuphela ngokugcoba amafutha ane-viscous. Amamodeli ane-passput ephansi kakhulu. Futhi kufanele uqaphele ukuthi izitolo ziyizinguquko kuma-racks amabili. Kwezinye izimo, amamodeli afika ne-stand. Amaflangeni afakwe ngemuva kwezingubo. Ama-tubes wokushintshanisa ngokuqondile ayenziwe ngensimbi. Amamodeli amaningi anezinhlamvu eziningana ze-O. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi ukufakwa kwezimbambo kufakwe ukulungisa ikhasheni kumthengisi wokushisa okushisa. Izindleko zemishini zixhomeke ekulinganiseni kwedivayisi, kanye nalokho okushiwo yi-cylinder.

Ukulungiswa kwe-Countercurrent

Umthengisi we-Counterflow umshini we-tubular usebenza ngokucindezela kwe-4 Pa. Izibhamu zamamodeli zifakwe endaweni enezingqimba. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-throughput ingama-140 amalitha kagesi ngomzuzu. Futhi kufanele uqaphele ukuthi kukhona ukuguqulwa ngama-racks amabili. Ama-Lids avame ukukhiqiza ububanzi obuncane. Amapayipi asetshenziswa kusuka ensimbi engenalutho, kodwa kunezifanekiselo zethusi.

Izinguquko eziningi zingaziqhenya ngokusebenza kahle. Ukufudumala kwale hlobo kufanelana kahle ne-pasteurization yamafutha yemifino. Abanye ochwepheshe bathi amamodeli anesifiso esihle. Kodwa-ke, banamaphuzu amaningana. Okokuqala, sikhuluma ngezikhulu ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukugcinwa okunzima kwale miyunithi, ngoba ama-racks kudingeka athathwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Kubuye kudingekile ukuthi uhlole njalo amandla e-flange.

Idivayisi yama-exchange exchange ex-co-current

Ukuhweba okushisa okuhamba ngokuqondile kubonakala ngokufaka okuhle. Ama-nozzles okuphuma kuwo asungulwa ngobubanzi kusuka ku-2 ubone Kwamanye amacala abakhokhisi abanzi basetshenzisiwe. Futhi kufanele uqaphele ukuthi izitolo zinezinguquko kumaflethi.

Umthamo wabo ulingana no-130 amalitha oketshezi ngehora. Uma sicabangela umshini wokushisa oshisayo we-heat-to-water, khona-ke unesisindo esiphezulu se-4 Pa. Izinhlelo zokuphepha kumadivayisi zisetshenziswa amakilasi ahlukene. Uma ukholelwa ochwepheshe, ukuqhutshwa komsebenzi kuncike ekutheni ububanzi bamapayipi, kodwa nobude be-cylinder. Ukuvala kumadivayisi kunesisindo esikhulu.

Amamodeli ane-compensation compensator

Ukushintshanisa okushisayo ngamajoyini amaningi wokunweba kuhle kakhulu ngamafutha. Ingcindezi enkulu kubo iqala kusuka ku-3 Pa. Izinhlelo zokuvikelwa zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekilasini P23. Ukususwa okuhlukile kusuka ekuguqulweni kufanelwe i-adaptha. Izitshalo zenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali futhi zixhunywe yi-screw method. Ngokuvamile kakhulu kukhona amadivaysi kuma-racks amabili. Okokuqala, banezigcawu ezingaguquki. Futhi kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi kukhona ukuguqulwa nge-front flange. Izigxobo zokuvala zihlelwe ngemuva kwe-adapters.

Ukubuyekezwa mayelana namamodeli ane-compensator encane

Ukushintshanisa okushisayo nomklomelo omncane akuyona into embi yokugcoba ubisi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zihlelwe ngokuzungezile. Ochwepheshe abaningi bathi lawo madivaysi avame ukhiqizwa kuma-tubes angu-6. Banobunzima obuphakathi. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ekusebenzeni kwamamodeli. Ipharamitha ecacisiwe ngokuyisisekelo ayidluli 120 amalitha ngehora.

Ukwengeza, ukuqhutshwa komfelandawonye kuhloswe, okuxhomeke kububanzi besilinda. Ukuze ukhethe umthengisi wokushisa kwekhwalithi, kufanelekile ukunaka amadivaysi okufaka uphawu. Ama-exchange exchanges amaningi akhiqizwa ngezindandatho eziningana zokukhiya. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinga eliphezulu lokulondeka liyatholakala.

Ukuguqulwa kwamatayipi angu-6

Ukushintshana okushisayo kwama-tubes angu-6 kukwazi ukubonisa ukusebenza kahle. Uma ububanzi bawo bungaphansi kwama-2.3 cm, khona-ke izinkinga ezithile zokuqhuba zingase zenzeke. Ukushisa okusebenzayo ekushintsheni kokushisa kwalolu hlobo kufaka amazinga angu-10. Izithungo zivame ukwenziwa ngethusi. Futhi emakethe kunezinhlobo ze-cast-iron ezinesisindo esikhulu futhi zinamandla.

Imingcele yezibonelo zamatayipi angu-8

Ukushintshanisa ukushisa kwama-tubes ayisishiyagalombili kulungele ukupholisa hhayi amafutha kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuphuza okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwamamodeli kufinyelela ku-110 amalitha ngehora. Ngokuvamile, ububanzi bamapayipi okuguqulwa ngu-3.3 cm. Amamodeli amaningi akhiwa ngamangqamuzana amaningana. Ukuqapha okuhlukile kumadivayisi kufanelwe izibopho, ezibekiwe emasongweni. Ukushintshanisa ukushisa kwanamuhla kwenziwa emasongweni amathathu. Kulokhu, i-flange kumele ifakwe engxenyeni engaphambili yokuguqulwa.

Ukushintshanisa okushisa okune-double insulation yokushisa

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-exchange exchange ex-double insulated? Okokuqala, banezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu. Futhi kufanele uqaphele ukuthi zikulungele ukusebenza ngamafutha nobisi. Izinguquko eziningi zisetshenziselwa amabhizinisi amakhulu. Namuhla, amadivaysi amapayipi angu-6 no-8 akhiqizwa. Esikhathini sokuqala, umkhiqizo ulinganiselwa ku-120 amalitha ngehora enesisindo esingenani 2.2 cm.

Ukuguqulwa kwamapayipi ayisishiyagalombili nge-double seal bayakwazi ukuziqhayisa ukuqhuba kahle. Zifana kakhulu neziphuzo eziphezulu kakhulu. Ukuguqulwa kwama-racks amabili kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubisi ngobuningi. Noma kunjalo kukhona amamodeli anelungiselelo eliqondile lamapayipi.

Ukuguqulwa ngaphandle kwenkokhelo

Ama-exchanges wokushisa angenasipuni ngaphandle kokubuyisela imali ayakwazi ukusebenza ngamafutha. Okunye okumele kuqaphele ukuthi banokusebenza okuphansi. Nokho, inzuzo yamamodeli ukupholisa ngokushesha kweziphuzo. Amadivaysi afaneleka kahle ama-justeurizing ijusi.

Amagxolo afakwe phambi kwawo. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi lezi zithombe zikhiqizwa emidlalweni emibili namithathu. Izilinda zenziwe ngensimbi ensimbi noma ensimbi. Ububanzi obuphakathi kwamapayipi ngu-2.4 cm. Ukufakwa kwamantongomane kunamathebhu. Amadivayisi anemisebenzi ephakeme ayatholakala nge-slats eyengeziwe.