Umdwebo Kustodiev sika "Carnival" nezinye imisebenzi owaziwa futhi Biography of the umculi

Ngisho nalabo abangalwazi kakhulu emlandweni Umdwebo isiRashiya, okungenani kanye wezwa Boris Kustodiev. Umdwebi omkhulu nje kuphela ekhaya kodwa emhlabeni wonke ezaziwa, imidwebo yakhe ukuthengiswa indali futhi ethulwa iminyuziyamu engcono emhlabeni. Kwakunjani ukuphila kwakhe, futhi yini usebenza libanakekele kwasekuqaleni?

Biography master

Boris Kustodiev wazalwa Mashi 7, 1878 e-Astrakhan, indodana ungumfundisi sabefundisi. Ngemva konyaka ukubukeka uyise wendodana yakhe wafa nonina, Catherine Prohorovna, ukhulisa izingane wedwa. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, lo mfana uyakuthanda Umdwebo, futhi ngo-1887 wavakashela umbukiso Peredvizhnik lapho wahlatshwa umxhwele yilokho akubona, kuphethwa okuphila kwakhe kwesikhathi esizayo lonke. Boris wathatha izifundo kusuka zendawo umculi vlasov, futhi ngo-1896 ngesikhathi engena Petersburg Academy of Arts. Kukhona yena wayengemuva studio Repin baphendukela portrait uhlobo. Omunye imisebenzi yakuqala - Kustodiev mdwebo "Portrait Bilibin" - wayebhekwa ngesikhathi nombukiso wezohwebo e Munich (ngo-1901) omunye wemisebenzi engcono kulesi siqondiso. Ngakho uhlobo isibe lunqume emsebenzini umdwebi. I-Academy iye eseqedile nge uzothatha indondo yegolide ke kwakudingeka ahambe Europe ukwazi abaculi omkhulu, phakathi okuyinto maduze nayo ngokwayo Kustodiev. Isithombe, incazelo ka-okuyinto evame kakhulu ezihlobene ne abathengisi ongaswele nasendleleni yabo yokuphila, kuyoba umcebo real wabathanda isiko Russian ngalezo zikhathi. Ngo-1909 Boris isifo sofuba umgogodla futhi Uchithe isonto eledlule nanhlanu iminyaka yokuphila kwakhe ngesihlalo sabakhubazekile. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, futhi uye wayilondoloza nobungqabavu kanye waqhubeka esebenza kuze kube ngu-1927. Ngo-May 1927 umculi wafa eLeningrad.

Incazelo isithombe "Carnival"

I ezidumile iningi labaculi elihlobene ne-Izikhonzi ukuphila Russian nokuphila. Kuyinto yokukhathazeka okunjalo futhi Umdwebo adumile "Carnival." Kustodiev edwetshwe ke isikwele eyinhloko edolobheni elincane phakathi nemikhosi. Ongaphambili sikhombisa isihlibhi ngesineke lapho abantu ukuba bakhwele ezinhlangothini zibonisa ebomvana izakhamuzi abahambahamba nezingane ukudlala eqhweni, kuyinto wezohwebo. Umdwebi ephethwe ukuwudlulisela omkhulu ebusika landscape, ukudala kusetshenziswa Iphalethi kumnandi ne lokuluhlata kwesibhakabhaka, lobovu igolide amathoni, kulekelelwa umsebenzi oluluhlaza nesimaragidu. Nokuboniswe umdwebo bese esontweni, ube uzungezwe izihlahla. imibala ezisetshenzisiwe ukugcizelela imizwa emihle futhi ukuhlanzeka imicabango sihlobene kanjani nokholo, okuyinto elifakwe ekhanyayo, isithombe zemikhosi "Carnival." Kustodiev kwavula nethuba lokuba: Yilowo nalowo obuka umdwebo, bazizwe beyingxenye mkhosi. Kuba umsebenzi ngendlela emangalisayo ukuthi ayemakhulu amathemba ababenawo elikuvumela ukuba ungamazi ukuthi wayejwayelene nendlela yokuphila yabantu ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye.

Incazelo Umdwebo "Lilac"

Spring elikhanyayo ngendwangu umdwebi wadala ngo-1906. Isithombe Kustodiev "Lilac" bagcwala ngenjabulo nangomdlandla, umculi wakhe ukuboniswa umndeni wakhe othandekayo. unkosikazi esencane nendodakazi abasha edwetshwe ngemuva esihle Lilac ezihlabayo ezimila engadini eduze kwendlu. Julia Kustodiev abagqoké imfashini ngalezo zikhathi - e ingubo emhlophe elihle ugcizelela ngalé ukwenzela ukungena okuncane kakhulu. Uneziqu ingane ingubo emhlophe ngemivimbo okwesibhakabhaka. Kustodiev Umdwebo alisho ngokuphelele kuphela okunamathiselwe emndenini, kodwa futhi emelela kakhulu sedlule ngalolo suku - lilacs ukuqhakaza elangeni ukuboniswa ngobuciko emangalisayo nokuzwana.

Incazelo mdwebo "The-Merchant sika Umfazi at Itiye"

Canvas esibonisa owesifazane Russian nge sibalo portly futhi ukumamatheka uhlobo, kungaba ngokuthi isihluthulelo ukuphila ye-master. Lesi sithombe Kustodiev ajwayelekile ngisho nalabo abangazange wezwa ngomsebenzi wakhe. On the ngendwangu okubonisa Tea Party, etafuleni kuyinto samovar esikhulu wafaka izitsha ngezithelo, ehla, ujamu, isinkwa esimhlophe. Ekusithekeni kubonakala eMoscow: ethenga Arcade, zezindela, emhlophe itshe isonto. Esithombeni ungakwazi uqaphele indida - unkosikazi yomthengisi aluhlaza futhi nabanomusa sika nge edilini lakhe kwenza ukumamatheka isibukeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ngokujulile futhi kufanekisa - kwalotshwa ngo-1918, esikhathini esinzima lapho abaningi bacabanga ukuthi iRussia akasoze okufanayo, futhi izici zayo kazwelonke wanyamalala. unkosikazi-Merchant sika esimweni esinjalo, kuba indlela yokuphila namasiko abonisa ukuthi ngeke buphele.

Incazelo yale midwebo "Umnini-sitolo, ecabangela imali"

Njengomhlaba abanye, lokhu Umdwebo Kustodiev anikezelwe abantu Russian izigcawu kusukela ukuphila. On the ngendwangu okubonisa umthengisi, ubuso kabani ekhululekile iyamangalisa. Anakho ukubukeka okuqinile futhi beqiniseka, bangasebenza tightfisted kakhulu, uma ongahaheli. A isenzo esandleni sakhe, unamathele imali, ke kugcizelela umbono. Kodwa portrait akukho kahle. Leso sigaba yomthengisi bahlakulele umnotho Russian ngaleso sikhathi. Izwe lase kwasekuqaleni emhlabeni ngo-1913, futhi ngaphandle abantu abafana exhegwini, nokuboniswe portrait, ngakho-ke ngeke kwenzeke. Uhlobo yesehlakalo ugcwele izici Kwesimo uhlobo ekwazile esihle Kustodiev sika - njengoba "Umfazi Somthengisi nganoma Itiye", lokhu msebenzi ubonisa ngokucacile ubuqambi umdwebi.