Ultrasound kwezinso - umthetho kulungiswa: indawo, usayizi

Ezimweni eziningi, ultrasound kusengathiwa ngokugcwele ulwazi futhi esanele indlela zokuxilonga ukunquma isifo sezinso futhi akwabele ukwelashwa okufanele, kuhlanganise ukususwa zokugula ngesikhathi Ukuhlolwa. Inani ultrasound kwezinso kuyabongeka lokho, kubalulekile ukuba ucacise kumbhalisi ezikhungweni zezempilo.

Iinsetjenziswa zokukhwela ultrasound ivumela udokotela ngesikhathi luhlolo ukunquma nemingcele ezibalulekile eziningana: isimo ukugeleza kwegazi, usayizi umzimba, izimpawu ukuvuvukala, isimo nokwakheka parenchyma, khona amatshe e izimbotshana, kanye neoplasms abulalayo noma ingozi.

Yiziphi izinkomba zihlola?

• Inombolo efihlekile.
• usayizi umzimba.
• kwasendaweni wayo.
• NoBujamo wabuka.
• Isakhiwo parenchyma kwezinso.
• Isimo ukugeleza kwegazi.

Cabangela lezi ongakhetha kabanzi.

inombolo

Lesi sihloko sizokusiza uqonde ukuthi emagama wenziwa ultrasound kwezinso.

Norm kuba phambi komuntu izinso ahamba ngamabili, kodwa kungabuye anomalies ezitholakele. Kungenzeka ukungabi azalwa naso omunye wabo, lo agenesis okuthiwa (aplasia sohlangothi olulodwa). Noma izinso kungenziwa isuswe ngu ukuhlinzwa. Ungase futhi uthole umzimba kabili esingokwemvelo, avame kuba sohlangothi olulodwa.

indawo

Jwayelekile indawo izinso kusengathiwa yobukhona babo emazingeni ehlukene isihlobo komunye nomunye. Kwesokudla, D, sise 2nd lumbar vertebra kanye thoracic 12 futhi washiya, L, sise 1-th lumbar amathambo futhi 11 thoracic.

Ultrasound ucwaningo izinso kwabesifazane kusiza ukuhlonza nephroptosis (ptosis) noma dystopia, okungukuthi, indawo yayo atypical e ukhalo. Ifomu ejwayelekile izinso - emabhontjisi-ezimise nge nentaba bushelelezi futhi sicace capsule lunemicu okuyinto elingaphandle umzimba igobolondo. Ubukhulu kwabesifazane evamile abakhulelwe abaningi ngoba ngalesi sikhathi kukhona isandiso ezinso ngamasentimitha amabili. Libuye kuvunyelwe ukuba encane isandiso ukhalo kanye ureter.

Ubukhulu e abadala

Bokuphila kuyinsakavukela usayizi izinso e abadala kuyinto 40-50 mm ukujiya 50-60 mm ububanzi 100-120 mm ubude. Nokho, lezi zibalo zingase ziyahluka kancane kuye ubulili isiguli kanye nokukhula.

I ukujiya ungqimba we parenchyma kungenye ipharamitha ebalulekile kulungiswa ultrasound kwezinso. Norm - kuyinto 18-25 mm. Noma kunjalo, leli nani incike yobudala lomuntu. Kubantu abadala kungenzeka ukuba wehlise kuya ku-11 mm, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa izinguquko sclerotic. Parenchyma - izicubu lapho zitholakala nephron, amayunithi ezihlelekile futhi zisebenza kahle. Uma kube inkomba yokuthi Uhlonze lwalo luyanda, lokhu kungase kubonise yisishiso noma ukuvuvukala umzimba, futhi uma incipha, ukuze kamuva sikhulume ngakho sokuwohloka.

Ubukhulu kwezingane

Sibambe ultrasound umntwana osanda kuzalwa kufanele kube esimweni awokuthi ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile izitho zakhe zangaphakathi ngenxa ufuzo, ukukhulelwa ezinzima nokubeletha, izinguquko umchamo komntwana. ultrasound kwezinso izingane zisencane amadala uqokwa emva ukuthola kwezinso ekucubunguleni, izikhalo ubuhlungu esiswini ephansi emuva noma, ngenxa yokulimala, ayephuli ukuchama.

Ezinganeni usayizi izinso kuncike ukuphakama kanye nobudala. Uma ukukhula okungenani 80 cm, ukukala amapharamitha amabili kuphela: ububanzi nobude emzimbeni. Ingane 100 cm ukuthi, ngaphezu kulinganiswa, kanye ukushuba we parenchyma.

Izinso zikhulisa ngobukhulu ngesikhathi glomerulonephritis oyingozi noma pyelonephritis kanye nokulahlekelwa ukubhanqa, njengoba kulokhu, umzimba bayoba umthwalo anda sokusebenza.

Ngo sokuqonda kwezinso ultrasound kuyinsakavukela kuyinto ecacile imingcele ungqimba imibhoshongo parenchymal. Bona echogenicity kufanele kube ngaphansana ukuthi we parenchyma. Uma umehluko inhlolovo esinjalo ayitholiwe, kungase eyabonisa hydronephrosis.

parenchymal echogenicity

Le nkomba kunqunywa isimo kanye nesakhiwo nezicubu kwezinso, ngokuvamile kuba sengathi eyohlobo.

Echogenicity iyona degree reflection ukushuba acoustic wave kwezicubu. Yokuzindla umfutho, kanti umengameli isithombe licace lapho parenchyma kuyinto luthe ukuqina. Ngo ephansi kwabantu izicubu echogenicity ababuthakathaka, ne ngeso ngesimo ezindaweni amnyama.

Air futhi anehogennoe ketshezi. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlumba besisu eliqukethe ketshezi echazwe Uchwepheshe njengoba imfundo anehogennoe. Ukuze izinqubo sclerotic zinezikhathi, kunalokho, hyperechogenicity.

CHSL

uhlelo Pyelocaliceal noma uhlelo besisu unesibopho ukuqaliswa umsebenzi iqoqo umchamo. Ngosizo ultrasound kwezinso ezingabantu kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini elandelayo izinguquko kuwo: khona calculi (isihlabathi, amatshe), pyelonephritis (i ukuvuvukala mucosal uphawu ukhalo). Futhi CHLS isandiso kungase kubonise calycectasis, pyeloectasia, izimila, ureteral ukuvimbela kanye hydronephrosis.

Norm kusistimu pyelocaliceal kuyinto anehogennoe yayo. Amatshe, okuyinto sayizi 4-5 mm noma ngaphezulu, kuphetsa ultrasound ukuchaza kumiswa kanjani echogenic, hyperechoic ukufakwa echogenicity. Ukuba khona esihlabathini emzimbeni okuthiwa mikrokalkulezom.

kwezinso ukugeleza kwegazi

Ukuze ubone ukuthi imithambo yegazi sitho, usebenzisa Duplex ukuskena, lapho-ultrasound scanner inikeza ulwazi kugrafu Spectral noma isithombe umbala. Le nqubo kuba kobuhlungu futhi noninvasive. Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola izinso ezinganeni. Ultrasound inquma isimo izindonga isitsha, khona stenosis intravascular futhi isimiso nokugeleza kwegazi izinga. ukushintshashintsha yayo evamile zokhahlamba kusuka 50 kuya kwezingu-150 cm / umzuzwana.

Ukuze umbala amathoni amnyama imizwa kubhekwa njengento evamile futhi umbala bright is fixed yashesha ukugeleza kwegazi, okubonisa khona stenosis, isici esiyinhloko okuyinto - ukwanda velocity e Umthambo kwezinso (200 cm / sec). Futhi ukunquma ukugeleza kwegazi ukumelana Inkomba, ngeminyaka lomuntu okuyinto kuncike ngokuqondile. He is ephakeme, omdala isiguli. Ukuze kwezinso Umthambo ukumelana Inkomba Inkomba ilingana yinto evamile ukukhuluma 0.7, kanti imithambo interlobar - 0,34-0,74.

Ukukhomba izilonda sokugembula

Ukuze uqinisekise izinso abalimele, futhi wasebenzisa ultrasound. Kukhona 5 imikhakha ukulimala lokhu sitho. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezinga ukwephulwa:

• kancane ezilimele isitho uyadabuka hhayi (ukuhlonza kwezinso subcapsular hematoma);
• cortex inqanyuliwe;
• cortex ngobugebengu ngaphezu isentimitha, kuyilapho i-contrast ektravazatsiya ningagcini;
• kwalapho eziphukile ingxenye mochetochny;
• pedicle ezilimele noma semithambo behlukene imithambo yegazi kanye ureter.

kulungiswa imiphumela

Incazelo ultrasonography kwezinso, esibuswa letinikwe lapha ngenhla okufanele iqhutshwe Urologist. Isiphetho zaziye noma sonogram isicelo ultrasound isithombe lapho umcibisholo kumaka endaweni lapho izinguquko sokugembula atholakele. Uma ukuthola izinguquko semithambo noma izimila kuyasetshenziswa ultrasound ividiyo, kuyokusiza wenze uphethwe yini.

Ngeziphambeko ukutholwa ultrasound

Kuyinto kakhulu ulwazi uma ithola ultrasound izifo ezifana kwezinso lesion semithambo, nephroptosis, amyloidosis ukuvala ureters sokuwohloka isitho abscesses, izinhlumba, izimila, hydronephrosis, ukwakheka itshe, ukuvuvukala (glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis).

Lapho iphuzu kule ultrasound isiphelo 'liphinyiselwe pneumatosis emathunjini, "kusho hhayi inhlolovo ulwazi of ukubuyisa. Kulokhu, ultrasound kuyodingeka ukuphinda ngaphambilini walungisa, okusho esi izidakamizwa carminative.

ultrasonography kwezinso: Intengo

Izindleko zalolu cwaningo nhlobo incike umtholampilo nesifunda. Uma ngokuziphatha udokotela ultrasound isiqondiso, kungaba mahhala. Maphakathi yangasese ezikhethekile e Moscow, isilinganiso senani kuhluka ruble 500 kuya 3500. Ezindaweni, izindleko zizoba kancane, kodwa hhayi kakhulu. Ungakhokhela isifundo ruble 350 kuya 2500.

Kulesi sihloko oyifundile mayelana US, mayelana nemithetho nokwenza kwayo, kanye izinso iziyaluyalu ukuthi kungatholakala phakathi inhlolovo.