Ukwelashwa nge-iodine e-radioactive eMoscow. Ukwelashwa kwe-thyrotoxicosis nge-iodine ye-radioactive

Imvelo engalungile, ukucindezeleka nezinye izimo ezingathandeki ngokuvamile ziholela ezifweni zegciwane le-thyroid. Ukwanda kwalo kulimaza umzimba. I-Thyrotoxicosis ingathatha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-goiter eyingozi, ebizwa nangokuthi isifo se-Graves noma isifo se-Graves. Ngezinye izikhathi kufike kumdlavuza wegciwane. Ukubhubhisa izicubu eziningi zegland futhi ucele iodine ye-radioactive.

Izifo ze-gland yegciwane

I-Thyrotoxicosis, okuyinto hyperthyroidism, ingathatha izinhlobo ezahlukene. Lezi zibandakanya i-goiter enesifo esiphundu ne-nodular, isifo se-Plummer, i-Higmoto's goiter nezinye izifo. Lezi zifo ziphathwa ngokuphumelelayo nge-iodine yama-radioactive (eMoscow kwenziwa, isibonelo, e-Central Research Institute of Health kanye neminye imitholampilo). Ukwengeza le ndlela yokwelashwa kwezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza nezinye izicubu zegciwane le-thyroid, kuhlanganise ne-lymphoma ne-Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Okuphambene ne-thyrotoxicosis yi-hypothyroidism, okuyinto engeyona ingozi enkulu futhi ilungiswa izidakamizwa. Ngaphezu kwezifo zegciwane le-thyroid ngokwayo, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukuntuleka noma ukucindezeleka kwezingqungquthela ze-parathyroid, isb. I-Hypoparathyroidism ne-hyperparathyroidism. Ukwanele kunakekelwa ngokwemithi, kodwa ukucindezeleka kudinga ukuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-thyrotoxicosis nomdlavuza

Eziningi zalezi zifo ziphumelela ekuqedeni ukwelashwa nge-iodine yama-radioactive. EMoscow, lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha luqhutshwa. Yiqiniso, ekutholeni ukwelashwa kokuqala, uthi, i-adenoma enobuthi noma i-goiter enobuchopho obunzima nemithi enqunyiwe. Kodwa ukusebenza kahle akudluli u-40%, futhi ngokuvamile kuvame ingxenye engama-50. Uma ukwelashwa kwemiphumela kungalethi noma kubuyeke, khona-ke isisombululo esiphezulu ukuphatha ukwelashwa nge-iodine i-iodine ye-radioactive I131. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-irradiation, kodwa kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-gland, futhi i-iodine ingenasici.

I-Cancer isuswa masinyane. Kodwa kulokhu, ukwelashwa nge-iodine yama-radioactive eMoscow, kanye nasemhlabeni wonke, kwenziwa njengendlela yokwelapha eyengeziwe. Kubalulekile ukusekela isikhathi esinqunyiwe ngemuva kwe-thyroidectomy bese ukwenza ukwelashwa ngokwemigomo ye-protocol, khona-ke ingozi ye-metastases ingancishiswa.

Kungani ungahlinzeki?

Ngezinye izikhathi enye indlela yokwelashwa kwe-thyrotoxicosis iyindlela yokuhlinzwa. Yiqiniso, lo msebenzi uhlale uhlotshaniswa nenengozi enkulu, ungasho ukuthi ubulelesi esikhumbeni akuyona into enhle kakhulu. I-narcosis ngokwayo, ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi, kungenzeka ukuthi umonakalo emanzini aphindaphindiwe yizo zonke izici ezikhuluma ngokumelene nokusebenza ukuze zithole ukwelashwa okunomusa, kodwa okusebenzayo kwe-radioiodine. Yiqiniso, kwezinye izimo, ngaphandle kwezinyathelo eziphuthumayo abakwazi ukuzenza, njengokungathi kunomdlavuza.

Ngendlela yokuhlinzeka, ingxenye yezicubu yayivame ukugcinwa ukuvimbela i-hypothyroidism. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ihambisana nokuphindaphinda kwesifo. Ama-antibodies avuselela i-thyroid aphinde ahlasele izinsalela zegland, okuholela ekutheni isifo esisha sishaye. Ngakho-ke, manje bakhetha ukuthola impatho ephelele yokwelapha esikhundleni seyesikhashana. Yebo, futhi ukwelashwa nge-iodine value ye-radioactive kuyamukeleka kakhulu.

Umkhuba womhlaba

Izinhlobo ezikhanyayo zesifo zikhetha ukwelashwa ngokwemithi. Futhi ngale ndlela iqala uma kunezinkinga ezinganeni nasezingane. Kwezinye izimo kungcono ukwelapha i-thyrotoxicosis nge-iodine ye-radioactive. Ukulungiswa kunesimo se-capsule noma isisombululo se-aqueous.

Ngandlela-thile, odokotela baseYurophu ngokuvamile banethemba lemithi ehlukahlukene ye-antithyroid kunokwelashwa nge-iodine yama-radioactive. Kodwa ekukhethweni kwe-US kunikezwa ukwelashwa kwe-radioiodine njengempumelelo kakhulu. Yiqiniso, ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuhlelwa uhlelo lokuvuselelwa, kodwa emva kokunye, ukuthatha imithi kudinga ukubuyiswa komzimba okunye.

Isingeniso sokuqala sama-radioisotopes we-iodine senziwa ngo-1941 e-USA. Futhi kusukela ngo-1960 indlela yaqala ukusetshenziselwa imithi kakade kakhulu. Phakathi nesikhathi esidlule, sasiqiniseka ukuthi sisebenziseka, sithembekile futhi sivikelekile. Yebo, futhi ekwelashweni nge-iodine ye-radioactive, intengo isuke ingabizi kakhulu. Kweminye imitholampilo yaseMelika naseYurophu, ukwelashwa ngamanani amancane we-iodine sekuvele kwenziwe ngesifo sengqondo. Siphinde sivumele umbuso onjalo, kodwa kuphela ngamanani angaphansi kuka-10.4 mCi ngomsebenzi. Ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe, izinkambiso zihlukile ngokuhlukile, okuvumela umthelela onamandla, okuthinta futhi ukwelashwa ngendlela enhle.

Isisekelo sendlela

Kuzokwelapha, isotopes I 123 no-I 131 zisetshenzisiwe. Okokuqala ukuxilongwa, ngoba ayinayo umphumela we-cytotoxic. Kodwa i-isotope yesibili ikuvumela nje ukuba uyenze ukwelashwa. Iveza i-ß- and ɣ-izinhlayiya. I-ß-imisebe inikeza umphumela wokugcoba, otholakala ezinhlakeni zegciwane le-thyroid. I-anga-radiation ikuvumela ukuba uqaphele umthamo nokusabalalisa kwezidakamizwa. I-gland yegciwane iqoqa le-radioisotope ye-iodine I 131, futhi futhi, yonakalisa izicubu ze-thyroid, okuyinto yokwelashwa kwe-thyrotoxicosis.

Ukuphepha kwamanye ama-tissue kuchazwa ukuthi i- gland yegland ibopha ama-isotopes e-iodine futhi ibaheha yona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sokuphila sezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela. Izinhlelo zokugoma ngamathumbu nezinambuzane zithathwa, njengombuso, ubuncane be-isotopu, engadluli imingcele evumelekile. Umphumela we-cytotoxic uphenduka ube wendawo, ubhubhise amangqamuzana kuphela wegciwane, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwegciwane le-thyroid emthamo kanye nokushintshela ku-hypothyroidism ngaphandle kokungenelela okuhlinzayo.

I-Hypothyroidism, nayo, ishintshwe ngokwemithi. Nika izidakamizwa i-L-thyroxine, ebuyisela futhi ama-hormone adingekayo, ngokuvamile akhiqizwa ngendlala ye-thyroid. Le hormone, nakuba isetshenziselwa, kodwa ingapheli cishe ayiphansi. Ukulawula izinga lama-hormone akudingeki nakanjani, ngezinye izikhathi umthamo kufanele ushintshwe, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho iziguli zibuyela endleleni yazo yokuphila.

Inhloso yokwelapha

Manje ngisho nochwepheshe bethu bathambekele emibonweni yokuthi kuyadingeka ukuthi bathole ukwelashwa okulodwa nge-iodine yama-radioactive eMoscow noma eminye imizi ukuze kubangelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypothyroidism. Ukwelashwa ngamanani amancane nje kunciphisa izimpawu, kususa inkinga okwesikhashana, okungafani nokuqedwa okuphelele. Isilinganiso semithi sibalwa isiguli ngasinye ngabanye. Lesi sibonakaliso sincike ekutheni umthamo wegland, ubukhulu besifo, isigaba salo, ukuhlolwa kokumuncwa kanye nesimiso sokuqhafaza.

Okokuqala, kwenziwa inhlolovo, ukulandelana kwezifo ezibhekene nazo, kubalwa ukuthi kwenziwa izibalo. Ngezinye izikhathi kunqunywe ukwenza izijovo ezimbili zomuthi ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo. Kodwa kunezimo lapho ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kufaneleka kakhulu.

Futhi, ukwelashwa komdlavuza nge-iodine ye-radioactive, kodwa kakade njengesigaba sesibili sokwelapha. Izilinganiso lapha ziphakeme, okuhloswe ngazo ukuqeda ingozi yokuthuthukisa imishanguzo. Inani lemithi lixhomeke ekuqineni kwecala kanye nokusabalalisa kwenqubo. Ngaphandle kwalokho le nqubo ayenziwanga, ikhetha ukushiya isiguli izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu emtholampilo.

Imiphumela yokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa

Kufanele ulungele lokho okuzobe sekulandela ukwelashwa nge-iodine yama-radioactive. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezalandela ngemuva kokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa, iodine ye-radioactive izoshiya umzimba ngomathe kanye nomchamo. Lezi zimpawu zingahlala ngezikhathi ezahlukene, kuye ngokuthi unyaka nobani obubekiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inqubo yokuzikhethela phakathi kwentsha iyashesha, uma iqhathaniswa nesimo asebekhulile.

Esimweni sempilo cishe ayithinti. Abantu abathile abazwelayo, abaye baphathwa nge-iodine ye-radioactive, banikeza impendulo mayelana ne-nausea ngalesi sikhathi. Kungase kube nomlomo owomile noma ubuhlungu entanyeni nasempeni. Baqaphela ukukhathala okwedlulele nokunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni. Ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta ukuqala kokuqunywa noma isifo sohudo.

Izithibelo ngemuva kokwelashwa

Kodwa kunenani lokulinganiselwa, okuyiziqondiso zesenzo. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esithile kuyodingeka ukuthi ugweme ukuthintana nabanye abantu ukuze ungawaqedi. Ukulala kuyodingeka kube yinye, kusukela ekuqabeni futhi kukhonta ukwenqaba, ukugwema ukushintshaniswa kwezitsha nokuhambisana nalezi zinyathelo. Ngokuqondene nalokhu, inqwaba yemigomo yokuziphatha kwesiguli ingasulwa.

Izincomo eziyinhloko

Iziguli ezithatha ukwelashwa nge-iodine ye-radioactive, ubufakazi buqinisekisa lokhu, kufanele bakhokhele kakhulu ukuhlanzeka isikhathi esithile. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukunciphisa amanzi endlini yangasese kabili, ukugeza izandla ngemva kokuyivakashela kufanele kube ngokucophelela emanzini amaningi nangesepha. Kudinga izitsha ezihlukene, amathawula, ilineni lokulala, okungekho omunye ongayisebenzisi. Ngokwemvelo, izingubo nezingubo kufanele futhi zihlanjwe ezintweni zezihlobo. Ungalungiseleli ukudla kwendlu.

Ngisho noma udoti uqoqwe kangcono ebhasikisini elihlukile, bese unikezwa ukulahlwa esikhungweni sezokwelapha (uma kunikezwa insizakalo enjalo). Uma kungenjalo, kungasuswa ngendlela engavamile yokudosa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-8. Izitsha akufanele zihlanjwe kanye nezinye izinto zabantu, kungcono ukuwageza ngesandla ngaphandle kwe-daishisher. Amapuleti alahlekayo kanye nemishini yonke ifakwe esikhwameni esifanayo esilahlekile.