Ukuqoqwa phansi kwesitezi sesibili ngamapulangwe enkuni: idivayisi, ukubala, ubungako befrimu

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ezakhiweni zanoma yiliphi indlu yezwe ziphazamisa ukuguqulwa. Bangakwazi ukuhlonywa ngokwezindlela ezahlukene. Kunoma yikuphi, ubuchwepheshe bokuqoqa izinhlaka ezinjalo kumele kubhekwe ngokuqinile. Kulokhu akukona nje kuphela ukutholakala kwabantu abahlala endlini, kodwa nokuphepha kwabo. Ngezansi kulesi sihloko sizoqonda ukuthi yimaphi amaphrojekthi okuqoqwa phansi kwesitezi sesibili emiphakathini yezinkuni ekhona nokuthi ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo kuhlangene kanjani.

Izindlela eziyisisekelo zokuhlela phansi

Ngezinye izikhathi emazweni ahlala ezindlini ze-monolithic. Bahlangene kusuka ema- slabs asekhonjisiwe asebenziwe. Imiklamo enjalo ihlukaniswa ngezinga eliphakeme lokuthembeka nokuphila kwesikhathi eside. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukubuthana kuyabiza kakhulu. Phela, lezi zingqimba zikhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuwaphakamisa ezindongeni usebenzisa i-crane iloli.

Kukhona futhi olunye uhlobo lwe-flooring esitezi sesibili - i-jellied. Ukwakhiwa okunjalo kwenziwa ngengxube yekhonkrithi efomini, ehlangene ngezigqoko. Lokhu futhi uhlobo oluthenjiwe lokuthembela. Ungakwazi futhi ukuqoqa wena. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kwawo buyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Amaphutha ekuthuleni i-slaol monolithic ayivunyelwe.

Ukuqoqwa kwesitezi sesibili ngezigxobo zokhuni kukhonza ipuleti encane noma isikhukhula, kodwa akusikho konke okushiwo ukungaphumeleli kwabo. Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlangana nomklamo onjalo lulula kakhulu. Ngezindleko zaloluhlobo lokuqoqwa kwezimali kungabizi. Lezi zakhi zakhiwa, njengoba umuntu angase ahlulele ngegama, emigodini eqoshiwe noma engena ngemvume. Qoqa nabo bavunyelwe ngezitini noma bavimbe izindlu, futhi baqokiwe noma bavikelekile. Yilezi zansi ezifakiwe ezakhiweni zasemadolobheni kaningi.

Izakhi eziyisisekelo zesakhiwo

Kulula kakhulu ukuhlanganisa isembozo esingaphakathi kwesigxobo emapulangwe ngokuzimela. Izakhi eziyinhloko zokwakha kwayo yizi:

• Empeleni imishayo ngokwabo. Zikhiqizwa kaningi emithonjeni noma emigodini.
• Ukusheshisa. Ukuze uhlanganise le nto, ibhodi yokuhlela ene-thickness okungenani ngu-3 cm ivame ukusetshenziswa.
• Umkhawulo womoya. Ifilimu enjalo iyadingeka ukuze umoya omanzi ovela esiteji sokuqala ungangeni ngaphakathi kwesibili. Ukusetshenziswa kwefilimu elinjalo kunwebezela kakhulu impilo yokusebenza yaleso sakhiwo njengokwakhiwa kwesitezi sesibili sebha.

Ukwakhiwa kwe- attic floor kuvame ukuhlanganiswa futhi enye into - indawo yokushisa. Kulesi simo, u-slabs woboya obunamaminerali nokwandiswa kwe-polystyrene kufakwe phakathi kwemishayo. Kwezinye izimo, i-polyurethane ingasetshenziswa futhi.

Ukwakhiwa phansi kwesitezi sesibili, isibhamu sokushisa ngezinye izikhathi asifakiwe. Kodwa ngokuvamile kaningi kusetshenziswa. Kulesi simo, sisebenza njengedivayisi engenazimpendulo. Njengomshini wokungenisa umsindo endaweni ephansi esitezi sesibili, uboya obunamaminerali uvame ukusetshenziswa. Le nto, okokuqala, ayishisi, futhi okwesibili, ikhulula izinto ezinobungozi ezincane, okubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlala.

Isikhathi esingakanani umhlangano uzobiza

Ukwenza umklamo wokwakhiwa okunjengokugqokisa isitezi sesibili emigodini yemithi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kuyadingeka ukubala zonke izinto ezidingekayo futhi wenze ukulinganisa. Ukunquma inani lamabhodi nokuxilonga akulula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga kuphela ukwazi indawo ephansi kanye nobukhulu bezinto ngokwabo.

Uma igumbi lesibili lendlu lihlala, ubude bezinsika bubekiwe, kunikezwe ububanzi besigaba kanye nezibonelelo ezidingekayo ukuze zisekelwe. Uma i-attic isakhiwe phezu kwendlu, izibalo zenziwa kanje:

• Izigodo kufanele zifanane nezinkolelo zokuphahla . Lokhu kuchazwa yizici zokwakhiwa kwephahla. Ngokuvamile izigqoko zifakwe emigodini. Kunoma yikuphi, lezi zakhi ezimbili kufanele ziguquke ezindongeni ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ubude bezinsika bubalwe ngokusekelwe ezinhlokweni zesakhiwo sohlaka oluphahleni. Uma ama-rafters kufanele agxilwe ukuze amise, ukubala ubude bawo ububanzi besikhathi, engeza u-40 cm emagcekeni ophahleni ezinhlangothini zombili. Uma izigxobo kufanele zifakwe ezindongeni, ubude babo kufanele bube njengokuthi phakathi kwemikhawulo yabo kanye nodonga lwalokhu "esidlekeni" kukhona okungenani u-3 cm ukuthumelela.

Ukubalwa kwamandla emithi

Ukufakela phansi isitezi sesibili emigodini yezinkuni kuye kwaba yithembekile, izakhi zalo zenkxaso kufanele zibe nesigaba esiphambanweni esikhulu. Bala ubude nobubanzi obudingekayo bodamu esikhathini sethu silula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-calculator ye-intanethi.

Ukubala imithwalo ye-overlap efakwe kulungile, udinga ukwazi imingcele elandelayo:

• Ububanzi besigaba;
• Isinyathelo ukubeka iforamu;
• Izinkuni ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza izihlahla.

Isinyathelo esiphakathi kwezinsika zokuhlalisa izindlu zangasese esakhiwe emgqeni ophakathi kweRussia ngokuvamile u-80 cm. Ngakho-ke, endaweni eqondile ukusuka komunye nomunye, izigxobo zifakiwe. Ngezindawo ezijwayelekile ezingasese izindlu ezizimele kakhulu ku-6-9 m, ngokuvamile zithatha impahla ngengxenye ka-150x150 mm.

Yini enye okufanele icabange

Ngemva kokubala imithwalo yelayili futhi uthenge zonke izinto ezidingekayo, ungaqhubeka nokufakwa kwangempela kwesakhiwo. Nokho, ngaphambi kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukwenza izinyathelo eziningi zokulungiselela.

Izinkuni - lokho okushiwo yi-short-lived. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yobumbano obunamanzi, izigxobo ezipakiwe namapulangwe angase aqale ukubola. Ukubambezela le nqubo isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphambi kokuqala komhlangano we-flooring, zonke izingodo kufanele ziphathwe nge-antiseptic ekhethekile. Amakhemikhali anjalo avame ukuvikela lesi sihlahla ngokutheleleka kwefungal.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingodo namabhodi kumele zihlanganiswe ngezindlela zokunciphisa ingozi yomlilo. Uma kwenzeka umlilo, izinto eziphathwe ngale ndlela ziyolimala. Noma kunjalo, izigxobo kanye namabhodi aphathwe ngalezo zinhlanganisela azishisi, kepha ziphosa. Ngenxa yalokho, abaqashi emlilweni bazoba nesikhathi esiningi sokushiya indlu.

Kuyinto enhle kakhulu ngaphambi komhlangano wephansi ukucubungula amabhodi kanye ne-cant ngokumelene nezinambuzane. Izimbongolo-ukugaya esikhathini esizayo zingaletha izinkinga eziningi kubanikazi bendlu.

Yakha i-oda

Uma zonke izinto zithengwa, ungaqhubeka nokufakwa kwangempela kwesakhiwo. Kunezitezi zokhuni endlini ngale ndlela:

• Zonke izinto ezidingekayo namathuluzi alungiselelwe. Ukuze izigxobo ziphakanyiswe phezulu, isiteji cishe siyodinga.

• Imishayo ngokwayo ifakiwe. Ezindlini ze-monolithic nezitini, izigxobo zihlanganiswe "ezindongeni" ezidongeni ngemuva kokuthulula noma ukubeka izindonga. Emalungiselelweni okugcina, kubalulekile ukucabangela, empeleni, ubukhulu besigxobo sephansi. Uma uhlangana nama-attics, ubhontshisi ungasungulwa nakwaMauerlat. Emadongeni ezindlu eziqoshiwe izigxobo zihlelwe ezakhiweni ezikhethekile - "iziphephelo". Lokhu kuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwesakhiwo sephansi phakathi nokushisa kwendlu.
• Ama-bottoms emigodini ahlanganiswe ngamabhodi. Kusukela ohlangothini lwe-attic, baqala ukumbozwa nge-film barrier film, bese bebeka amacwecwe okugcoba kuwo. Lezi zinsuku kufanele zifakwe ukuze zivumelane ngokusemandleni enkuni.
• Phezulu kwamapuleti, esinye isendlalelo sokuvinjelwa kwomoya kuphakanyisiwe.
• Gcwalisa amabhodi phansi esitezi sesibili.

Enye indlela yokufaka

Ukuqoqwa kwesitezi sesibili eceleni kwezigxobo zokhuni, okuchazwe ngenhla, kunomklamo olula. Kusetshenziswe kulokhu, ukususwa, ngeshwa, kuvimbela ukungena egumbini lokuqala kuphela umsindo womoya. Ukuthungatha kalula ukudluliselwa kwesikhwama sezinkuni (ngokusebenzisa imishayo namabhodi). Uma kungekhozingane ezincane endlini futhi akekho ozokwenza umsindo, lo mklamo olula ungaba yisisombululo esihle. Uma kungenjalo, kungcono ukuhlela endlini ngendlalelo emigqeni yohlobo oluthile, ukuqoqa phansi okuthiwa phansi elingaphansi phansi. Umklamo wabo uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kodwa uma ufuna, ungazifaka wena.

Indlela yokuqoqa phansi phansi

Emva kokufaka imishayo kulokhu, amapulangwe ephansi okuqala abuye alayishwe. Khona-ke umkhawulo womoya ubeka. Phakathi kwezigxobo zifakwe ama-slabs aqinile oboya bamaminerali noma i-polystyrene enwetshiwe. Khona-ke enye ingqimba yokukhipha umsindo iphakanyisiwe. Kulokhu, amacwecwe azowela kakade ngaphezu kwemishayo, futhi phansi kuzobekwa ngokuphelele.

Ungakwazi ukuzwakala kahle ukuphazamiseka kwe-interfloor ngezigxobo zokhuni futhi kancane kancane. Kulokhu, amapulangwe oboya bekotini nawo asetshenziswa. Kodwa phakathi kwemishayo ayifakiwe. Bafake phezu kwabo nge-carpet eqinile. Lezi zinto zizocindezelwa kancane phakathi kwezigxobo, ngaphandle kokuthinta amapulangwe ophahleni lwesiteji sokuqala. Okulandelayo, ama-slabs amaningana anqunywa. Ziyadingeka ekubekeni amakamelo esitezi sesibili eceleni komjikelezo. Esikhathini esizayo, zingavalwa nge-plinth.

I-screed screed mayelana no-5 cm obukhulu ithululelwa phezu kwamacwecwe. Ukuze amandla adinge ukuqiniswa ngenduku eyi-10 mm. Thela ukhonkolo ngendlela yokuthi ithinta izingcezu zokusika zikotini, hhayi izindonga zendlu. Ngaphandle kokhonkolo, udinga ukubeka amashidi e-plywood, bese-ke izinto zokuqeda.

Indlela elula futhi engabizi yokukhipha izithonjana

Uma ufuna ukunciphisa umsindo wethonya kusuka esitezi sesibili, ungakwazi ukuqoqa phansi izinkuni endlini kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlukile. Kulokhu, futhi imishayo ifakwa kuqala. Khona-ke i-gaskets ekhethekile etholakalayo umsindo ifakwe kubo. Lezi zinsuku kumele zenziwe ngaphambili noma ziphathwe nge-antiseptic compound. Lapho behlangana phansi kuya esitezi sesibili ezindlini zangasese ezihlala ngasemaphandleni, ngokuvamile kuvame ukuzwa noma amapayipi emigubho.

Lezi zakhi ziphakanyiswe ngqo emigodini. Kuzo zilele (ngaphandle kokuqinisa) zigijima. Ubude bokugcina kumele bube njengokuthi bangathinti izindonga zendlu. Hlanganisa izingodo kulo lonke lezinsika. Bese ufaka ipuleti yokufaka umsindo. Zibekwe phakathi kwemishayo, naphakathi kwezingodo (ngezigaba ezimbili noma ezintathu). Ngaphezulu kwamabhodi aphethwe yi- "pie". Isivinini sophuzo kulokhu kufanele futhi sisetshenziswe.

Isiphetho

Idivaysi yokweqa isitezi sesibili ngezigxobo zokhuni, njengoba ungabona - inqubo ilula. Kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa lokwakha, kuhlanganise ngokuzimela. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangana ngodaba, kufanele uhambisane nobuchwepheshe obufanele. Kulesi simo, lo mklamo uzoba othembekile futhi ohlala njalo.