Ukukhwabanisa imfucumfucu lapho uvula isondo ngokuya - Skoda, Logan, Priora, Volkswagen

Ukuze ushintshe isiqondiso sokunyakaza emotweni, ukuhlinzeka kunikeziwe . Iqukethe i-rudder kanye ne-shaft engena emshini ohlangene ne-trapezium. Imininingwane yokugcina ngezimoto eziningi iqukethe isitimela futhi iphuma kuyo kuya emagatsheni enduku ende futhi emifushane enezinyosi.

Izinhlobo

Ukwenza kube lula ukujikeleza kwesondo lokushayela ezimotweni zanamuhla kufakwe i-amplifier. Kungaba izinhlobo ezahlukene:

1) Hydraulic.

2) Ugesi.

3) I-Electrohydraulic.

I-amplifier ye-hydraulic isebenza ngamandla oketshezi okhethekile ukuthi amaphampu epompo. Indlela yesibili isebenza emotweni kagesi. Futhi uhlobo lwesithathu luqukethe izakhi ze-hydraulic and amplifier kagesi. Uhlobo ngalunye olunjalo lunomklamo oluyinkimbinkimbi, lunezinzuzo zalo futhi ludinga ukugcinwa nokusebenza okuhlukile.

Izimpawu zokuhluleka kokulawula

Ngokunyuka kokugqoka nokudabuka ezingxenyeni zokulawula imoto lapho isondo lihamba khona, i-squeak izwakala, futhi izinhlobonhlobo zokugwedla kwamanye amazwe zenzeka, ngesikhathi sanda. Zifaka ukungasebenzi noma ukwenqaba okuphelele ukusebenza. Izibonakaliso zokungasebenzi kahle kwalokhu kuhlanganisa zihlanganisa ukungena kwi gear yokuqondisa, isitimela, iphoyinti noma izixhumanisi. Kukhona i-creak ngenkathi ivula isibambo sendawo futhi umsindo ohamba phambili uhamba. Ngenxa yalokho, umshini awulaleli kahle, ulahlekelwa ukuzinza emgwaqeni. Ngesikhathi ushayela, imoto ingasuswa. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuqeda ukungasebenzi kahle, kudingeka uqonde ukuthi kungani lokhu kungenzeka. Inkinga evame kakhulu yi-creak eqinile lapho iphendulwa isondo. Abashayeli abaningi abazi imbangela yale nsizakalo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo bangakwazi ukuhlukumeza yonke i-trapezium ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi yi-snag, eqinisweni. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngesistimu yokuqondisa idivaysi, ukukhwabanisa lapho uvula isondo ngokuya kwenzeka kungaba ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Kwenzeka ukuthi ukukhubazeka akukona ngisho nakulo mgwaqo we-trapezoid.

I-Squeak ngenkathi ijika ngaphandle kwe-amplifier

On izimoto "Dacia" no "Renault Logan" ku ukumiswa eziyisisekelo ayinikeli ukuba khona amplifier. Ngakho-ke, i-squeaks lapho ijika isibambo endaweni (i-Logan 1.6 kufaka phakathi) ingenzeka ngenxa yokwehla kwentwasahlobo yokumiswa ngaphambili, ukugqoka ukusekelwa okuphezulu kwenksika ye- telescopic, noma ngenxa yokugqoka kwensika yerabha yensiza ye-pillar. Ngokugqoka okuqinile, futhi ikakhulu uma ukuthuthuka kungalingani, kuqala ukukhipha. Ngakho-ke, i-squeal ye-raber iphakama lapho isondo lokushayela livuliwe endaweni.

Umsindo emotweni nge booster hydraulic

Indlela yokuhamba ne-booster hydraulic inezingxenye ezifanayo kanye ne-trapezoids, kuphela esitimeleni kuneziteshi ezikhethekile zamafutha. Ngawo, amafutha ngaphansi kwengcindezi asebenza ezindongeni zokuqondisa, ezenza ukujikelezwa kwamavili. Kuzimoto ze-WAG ezifana ne-Skoda, i-amplifier ye-hydraulic efakwe, futhi ukukhwabanisa lapho kuphendulwa isondo ngokuya kungenzeki nje kuphela ngenxa yokugqoka kokuthwala isikhwama senjoloba esisekela phezulu noma entwasahlobo. Kungenzeka kube ukugqoka kwezingxenye zepompo yokuqondisa amandla kanye nokushayela kwayo. Kukhona izizathu ezilandelayo zokuxhaphazwa kwesikhathi eside lapho kuqhutshwa isondo elisha (Skoda, phakathi kwabanye):

- ukugqoka umshini wepompo yokulawula;

- ukukhishwa kwepompo yokuqondisa amandla;

- ukugqoka ibhande;

- bashaya i-anthers ku-rack yokuqondisa (izoqala ukugeleza);

- ukugqoka i-pulley drive yepompi ye-amplifier.

Le nkathazo iyenzeka, ngisho nalapho ukuqondisa kusebenza kahle. Ekushintsheni okunamandla endaweni yamasondo, umthwalo owenziwe empompo wokulawula amandla uba mkhulu. Ikakhulu uma imoto ilayishiwe. Umsindo uvela ngenxa yokugqoka okwedlulele kwe-pulley drive noma ibhande. Kulesi simo, ibhande lishiya futhi lidale umsindo onjalo. Kulula kakhulu ukuqiniseka ngalokhu - udinga nje ukuthulula amanye amanzi epuleni. I-liquid iyodlala indima yokugcoba, futhi uma i-squeak iphela, kusho ukuthi i-pulley noma ibhande. Ukuphuza lapho uvula isondo ngokuya ("Volkswagen-Polo") kwenzeka ngezizathu ezifanayo njengokuthi "i-Skoda", njengoba ziyizimoto zokukhathazeka kwe-WAG.

Izinkinga nge-booster kagesi

Ngokungafani nokuqondisa kwe-hydraulic, ukujikelezwa kwamavili kusiza umoto. Ixhunywe gear yokuqondisa nge-belt drive. On izimoto VAZ-2127 kuyinto ukufakwa efakwe nge amplifier kagesi. I-Squeak lapho uvula isondo ngokuya endaweni ("Priora" kufaka phakathi) kungenzeka ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

- ukugqoka ibhande;

- ukugqoka kwe-pulley ye-motor kagesi kanye ne-gear gear;

- I-voltage ephansi kwinethiwekhi;

- ukuntuleka kwe "mass" yemoto;

- ukungasebenzi kweyunithi yokulawula kagesi.

Ukuphazamiseka

Ngaphandle kokugqoka kwe-pulley nebhande elixhuma le motor kuya kwindlela, kungenzeka futhi ukukhipha lapho uphendulela isibambo endaweni ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwentambo eholela emotweni. Njengoba kunzima ukuguqula amasondo endaweni, imoto kagesi ilayishiwe, futhi ngebhethri ebuthakathaka ngeke kwenzeke ukufinyelela amandla adingekayo. Kulokhu, ibhethri igcwele i-electrolyte noma ibhethri ishintshwe ngokuphelele. Futhi, icala elibuthakathaka ebhethri lingavela ngenxa yamanje empofu evela ku-generator. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuyihlola ngensizakalo futhi "ukukhala" izintambo ukuze kungabikho ukulahlekelwa kagesi okungadingekile.

Ukuqeda umsindo ongaphandle

Ukuqeda ukuqala lapho uvula ukuhamba ngakwesokudla, okokuqala udinga ukucacisa imbangela yemisindo engaphandle. Ezimotini ezinamandla okuqondisa, uma uhlelo lungasebenzi kahle, "isheke" sizokhanyisa phezu kwephaneli yensimbi. Ngakho-ke, umshayeli kufanele ahlole imoto yakhe ngamaphutha. Isofthiwe ekhethekile esiteshini sevisi izobonisa lapho ukuphazanyiswa kwenzeka khona nokuthi iyiphi inzwa engekho emthethweni. Uma imbangela itholakele, qhubeka ulungisa. Uma inkinga isimisiwe, izingxenye ezimele futhi ziboshiwe zishintshwa ngokusha. Esikhathini sokuhamba ngamandla okuqondisa esikhundleni sebhande eligqamile noma i-pulley, hlola ukusebenza kwepom bese ushintshe amafutha njengoba kudingeka. Uma i-pump yokuqondisa amandla iphosakele, ifakwe enye entsha. Ezimotini ezinegesi kagesi, hlola ubuqotho bezingcingo zegesi kagesi kanye ne-generator. Umthamo womsebenzi we-generator kanye nesimo se-pulley yebhande nakho kutholakala. Izingxenye ezingaphelele nezingaphelele zishintshwa yizintsha. Ukuqondisa nge-booster electrohydraulic sebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanayo njengamanye izinhlobo zokuqondisa. Futhi njengoba uhlelo lapha luyinkimbinkimbi futhi ludideka, kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi nokubekezela.

Isevisi

Ukuze ukuqondisa kusebenze kahle, umshayeli kufanele azi ukuthi kufanele asebenze kahle futhi asebenze kanjani. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza isondlo: esikhundleni samafutha empompo wokuqondisa amandla, uchithe amathiphu noma izintambo ezihamba phambili, ubeke esikhundleni saso ngezintsha, hlola ukulungiswa kwamasondo uphinde ulungise ama-angle uma izingqimba zingavumelani. Izingxenye zokungcebeleka namafutha kufanele zivela kubakhiqizi bekhwalithi nabokuqala. Esikhathini sokusebenza, umshayeli kumele aqaphe isimo sesimo sokuqondisa, ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic noma i-amplifier kagesi. Futhi ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic akufanele kube khona umoya. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukulayisha okulinganiselayo epompheni yedivayisi. Hlola ukuqiniswa kwamaboltshi ekuxhumaneni kwe-trapezoid yokuhamba noma ukunamathiselwe kokuhamba komzimba, kanye nokuqinisa imoto noma ipompo. Uma kukhona ukudlala okukhulu ku-rack, kungahle kushintshwe. Kodwa zama ukungayidluli. Ngenxa yalokho, ngisho ne-booster hydraulic uzoba nokulawula okuqinile futhi okungakhululekile. Ngenkathi simile, akukhuthazwa ukuvula amasondo. Zivule hhayi ekukhawulweni. Lokhu kuzonciphisa umthwalo ku-rack yokuqondisa, ibhande lokushayela ne-pulleys, ipompo yokuqondisa amandla noma imoto kagesi. Futhi, ngokuvula indawo yesondo lemoto, akudingekile ukuba uthintane futhi uzinikele ekushintsheni injini. Lokhu kugcizelela kakhulu ukugqoka kwezingxenye zokuqondisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphila komsebenzi wezingwegwe ezilinganayo okulinganayo kwe-angular kuzoncishiswa, uma kwenzeka imoto ihamba phambili. Uma i-cardan gear isetshenziselwa indlela, kunconywa ukuba uhambise izindawo ezihlangene ngezikhathi ezithile. Ikhiqizwa indlela yokuvumelanisa. I-lubricant yonke "I-Litol" isetshenziswa. Ingasetshenziselwa ukucindezela ama-pivots emoto, uma igoli elizimele lisetshenziselwa ukuklama kusuka phambili.

Isiphetho

Ukuqhubeka kulokhu, kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokuqondisa kuxhomeke ngokuyinhloko kumshayeli. Kusukela endleleni ekhonza ngayo indlela, ehlola isimo sakhe kanye nokuxhaphazwa, ukusebenza kwakhe kuxhomeke. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi unakekele ukuqondisa, unakekele ukuze usebenze, ulondoloze ngokuhambisana nencwadi yesondlo bese uyilungisa usebenzisa izingxenye ezisezingeni eliphakeme kuphela. Ukulandela le mithetho, umshayeli uzoqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhlala njalo kokulawula kwezimoto zakhe, okuzokwenza kube nokulawula okuhle ngesikhathi sokuhamba nokuphepha kwayo.