Ukuhlaziywa: "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika", indaba A. S. Pushkina. isifinyezo

Kulesi sihloko sibheka umkhiqizo ukuthi wabhala A. S. Pushkin e 1836: ukuchaza isifinyezo yayo kanye nokuhlolwa. "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" ngohlobo - inoveli zomlando. Masikhumbule kafushane okuqukethwe umsebenzi.

Kuleyo ncwadi Indaba egameni Petra Andreevicha Grineva, indoda eneminyaka engu-50 ubudala. Uyakhumbula isikhathi lapho ehlangana Emelyana Pugacheva, umholi kwavukelwa ongumlimi.

Imvelaphi ebuntwaneni Petra Grineva

Peter wazalwa wakhulela emkhayeni yesikhulu abampofu. Umfana wathola cishe akukho imfundo - eneminyaka engu-12 kuphela 'usebenzisa Savelich wafunda ukufunda nokubhala. Peter kwaholela engu-16 sokuphila ignoramus ejwayelekile. Wayedlala nabafana kusukela esigodini, futhi aphuphe ngaye ukuphila gay Petersburg, njengoba lwalotshwa le Semenov ibutho nosayitsheni, ngisho nalapho esibelethweni.

Nokho, uyise wayenqume okwehlukile - wathumela Petrusha, oneminyaka engu-17 ubudala insizwa nebutho lezempi, kodwa hhayi Petersburg, ukuze "unuka neziqhumane." Ukusho goodbye, wafundisa uPetru, okuyinto eyenziwe epigraph "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika": ". Nakekela nodumo ubungqabavu bobusha bakhe" Ngakho Green kwaba ngo Orenburg Fortress. Nge uPetru waya lapha Savelich, uthisha wakhe.

Indlela enqabeni

Savelich noPetru emnyango kuya edolobheni astray ukushaya isiphepho. Abasindiswa kuphela kusize ongabazi, wena owakhipha izinhlamvu endleleni yokukhosela. Petrushka, ukwazisa lokusindiswa kwabo wethule lolu ongamazi unogwaja elingenamikhono futhi amnika iwayini.

Ukujwayeleka ne Belogorsk inqaba

Nangu eza uPetru inqaba eBelgorod inkonzo. Akazange ibukeke isakhiwo enezivikelo eziqinile. ezimbalwa kuphela "abantu abakhubazekile" yempi, isikhali yayo kuphela - isibhamu. Mironov Ivan Kuzmich elawula inqaba. Lena ngokwethembeka futhi Umuntu onomusa, nakuba ukungafani imfundo. Zonke izimo kuholela inqaba Yegorovna umkakhe. Grinyov converges impela ekubeni umndeni Usigaxamabhande. Uhlala isikhathi esiningi naye.

Grinyova ubuhlobo nge Shvabrin

Umngani wakhe futhi iba iphoyisa lokuqala Shvabrin umhlaba, osebenza njengesivikelo inqaba. Nokho, ngokushesha base ukuxabana ngalokho Shvabrin amazwana engathandeki mayelana indodakazi Masha Mironov sika, abathanda Grinyov (umfanekiso indodakazi likakaputeni kuzoxoxwa ngezansi). UPeter Shvabrin Duel kwalimala. Masha, ukubanakekela, uthi Grinyov ukuthi Shvabrin wake wabuza ngesandla sakhe, kodwa esemnikela phansi. Green abanquma ukushada le ntombazane noyise wabhala incwadi, ecela isibusiso sakhe. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi uvumela lowo mshado, njengoba Isipho indodakazi likakaputeni. Primary Heroes umkhiqizo ngaleyo ndlela azikwazi washada. Maria akafuni ukushada ngaphandle isibusiso sikayise.

Pugachev e Fort Belogorsk

Ngo 1773, ngo-Okthoba, Mironov owamukela incwadi. Ubika mayelana Pugachev okuyinto ngokuzenza ongasekho uPetru III. Uye wabuthela kakade bayibutho elikhulu elinabantu abalimi wakwazi uthwebule izinqaba eziningana. Ulungisela ukuhlangana Pugacheva futhi Belogorsk inqaba. Usigaxamabhande uyahamba ukuthumela indodakazi yakhe Orenburg, kodwa akanayo isikhathi ukwenza - Pugachev sika kakade lapha. Abantu bendawo wabingelela isinkwa nosawoti abahlaseli. Zonke labo abakhonza Fort njengezitha ayethunjwe. Sinenkosi ukufunga allegiance Pugachev. Nokho, lo mlawuli wamabutho wenqaba ukuthatha isifungo, ukulengiswa kwakhe. Umkayo futhi abulawe. Kodwa Grinyov is kungazelelwe. Savelich umtshela ukuthi Pugachev iyona ongamazi wake wanikeza Grinyov unogwaja elingenamikhono.

isiphetho Masha ngemva bezofika inqaba Pugachev

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umlingisi losemcoka kuyinto obala afunge Emelyan, ngubani nimyeke ahambe. Grinyov eshiya enqabeni, kodwa indodakazi likakaputeni okukuwo. Izinhlamvu main, abathanda nomunye ayikwazi babuyelana. Egula nokufihla ezicashe nomshana unkosikazi yompristi sika. Shvabrin esimisiwe Usigaxamabhande le nqaba. Afunga Pugachev. It ekukhathaza Grinyova. Ngo Orenburg, umlingiswa oyinhloko ucela usizo, kodwa ungakwazi ukulithola. Ngokushesha wathola incwadi evela Masha. Uyabhala ukuthi Shvabrin iphoqa ukuba bashade. Uma kwenzeka yokwenqaba, uthembisa ukutshela abantu Pugacheva, yena - indodakazi likakaputeni. Incazelo zonke lezi intuthuko umkhiqizo kunikezwa ngokuningiliziwe - siye sabona amaphuzu ayinhloko kuphela.

Pugachev ukhulula Masha

E Fort Belogorsk hamba obuluhlaza Savéliitch. Kodwa uthole endleleni ethunjwa Pugachev futhi sibonane ukuxoxisana nomholi wawo.

UPetru uthi ngokwethembeka Emelian uyaphi futhi kungani; ngokungazelelwe Grinyova Pugachev enquma ukumsiza "ukuze ajezise izintandane kumuntu osonile". Pugachev emboniselweni ukhulula Masha. Indaba yakhe akagcini ngisho Shvabrin mayelana nokuthi ubani yena ngempela.

Ukuxolelwa Grinyova Empress

Le noveli zomlando "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" iphela imicimbi elandelayo. Grinyov waxosha intombazane kubazali bayo. Yena ngokwakhe wabuya empini. Kuhluleka ukusebenza Pugacheva, kodwa Grinyova Kuboshwe Shvabrin ecaleni kuthi uPetru - ngiyinhloli Pugacheva. Uhlamvu main wagwetshwa bedingiselwe eSiberia, futhi kuphela vakashela ku iNdlovukazi, owenza Mary, kusiza kuzuzwe Grinyova baxolelwe. Kodwa Shvabrin ejele.

Izihloko imisebenzi "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika"

Izinkinga okuxoxwe ngazo umkhiqizo baningi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kulezi, Yiqiniso, inkinga udumo. Ngokuvamile ngaphezu kobubanzi Eqinisweni, ukubaluleka yindikimba ebekwe umbhali, usebenza ka kwezobuciko ubuhle inoveli "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - vertex impumelelo, wobuciko adalwe Pushkin umuntu okholelwa entweni ekhona okwangempela. It laqedwa ngo 3 izinyanga ngaphambi kokufa kombhali. Ngakho kwaba wokugcina umsebenzi enkulu "Ndodakazi sikaKaputeni" yakhe.

Izinkinga ezibangelwa umbhali ngezindlela eziningi ezihlobene ngesihloko kubaluleke kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi - isihloko we impi nabalimi abancane, ongumlimi kuvukela. Pushkin Ukufunda umlando we Pugachev ukuvukela inikwe amandla iqiniso nangokunembile kulandiswe kusenzo izenzakalo. Okwakushiwo "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" okungukuthi, phakathi kokunye, ukukhombisa Psychology abahlanganyela kuso.

Ubaba uPetru Greene Andrei Petrovich

Grinyov Andrei Petrovich sengqondo esingafanele nokungathembeki futhi kulula ukwenza umsebenzi enkantolo. Ngakho wayengafuni ukuya Petersburg ukukhonza e Labaqaphi, indodana yayo uPeter. Wafisa ukuthi "unuka neziqhumane" futhi laba isosha futhi hhayi umuntu oyivila. Nguye osho amagama Ngokwenguqulo ka epigraph "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika": ". Nakekela nodumo ubungqabavu bobusha bakhe"

uyise Green akuyona ngaphandle omele esingokwemvelo we izici ezingezinhle isikhathi. Khumbula, isibonelo, ukwelashwa kwakhe ngokhahlo unkosikazi engakhonondi futhi enothando, unina uPetru, obenziwa ukucekwa uthisha, waseFrance, ukuphatha ithoni luhlaza of incwadi eya Savelichu, e alibiza ngokuthi 'inja endala "yakhe. Phambi kwethu kulezi iziqephu livela evamile wohlanga olukhulu amakhosi asendulo. Nokho, kukhona izimfanelo ezinhle e Grinyova nobaba. Lokhu uwuhlobo lomuntu, lobuqotho, ukwethembeka. Lezi zici kanye kuyinto uzwela yemvelo futhi okungalindelekile abafundi bakhe - kule esiqinile kwabanye futhi yena lonelulaka.

Isimilo Petra Grineva

Petra Grineva uhlamvu, abafana engu-16 ubudala, umlobi ubonisa kule nhlangano, ukuthuthukiswa okwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya izimo zokuphila lapho wazithola. Petrushka ekuqaleni - eziwubala abanganaki umninindlu indodana, ignoramus-layabout, cishe Fonvizinskaya Mitrofanushka. Yena amaphupho nezinjabulo okulula ukuphila kwenziwa Guards isikhulu ezisenhloko-dolobha.

Ngo uPetre Grineve united ngothando, inhliziyo uhlobo nonina isibindi, lobuqotho, ukwethembeka, sibangela kuyise. Lezi izimfanelo uyise GREEN zayiqinisa e ukuhlukana kwabo amazwi okuqinile ukuze uyikhonze ngokwethembeka, ukulalela kubaphathi futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuvikela udumo ubungqabavu bobusha bakhe.

Umusa umlingiswa oyinhloko wazibonakalisa izipho "ndoda omncane", ambonise nendlela ngesikhathi isiphepho izodlala ikusasa indima juqu we iqhawe. Futhi ngaleso sikhathi, engozini zonke Greene waphuthuma ukuze Savelichu ngenzuzo lithunjwa. I yobuntu bakhe ukujula uthinteka ehlanzekile nomuzwa omkhulu ukuthi Kuvezwe kuwo Masha Mironova.

Ukuze kuhlonishwe "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - isici esibaluleke kakhulu umuntu. UPetru Grinyov ukuziphatha kwabo bazibonakalisa bethembekile kwaze kwaba izimiso kayise, akazange kukushintshe ukuthi ayebheka udumo lwakhe futhi nomsebenzi wakhe. ezinokuthambekela okuhle kanye nezici eyinqaba kuye, omnene, kwamqinisa futhi ekugcineni anqoba ngaphansi kwethonya ukuphila okuhlukumezayo lesikole, yimuphi ubaba wakhe wamnika, ethunyelwe kude asemaqeleni emaphethelweni eSt esikhundleni. izenzakalo ezinkulu emlandweni, eye yingxenye Grinyov akamvumelanga okuthumela ababesosizini siqu (uyise akakunikanga imvume Masha umshado) phansi futhi ulahlekelwe inhliziyo, umphefumulo yezinsizwa yabika ku "ukushaqeka aqinile futhi ezinhle."

Shvabrin Aleksey Ivanovich

"Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - incwadi ukuthi phakathi protagonists futhi siyothola Shvabrin Alexei Ivanovich, Grinyova abaphikisi - okuphambene esiqondile uPetru oqondile futhi sithembeke. Umbhali kanye uhlamvu akuvimbeli izici ezinhle. He is oqaphelayo, ehlakaniphile, efundile lokuxoxa ezithakazelisayo, ulimi behlakaniphile. Nokho, ngenxa yemigomo Alex imayelana isenzo udumo. Yayinyundela Masha Mironov, sibanyonkoloza Emthunzini on unina. Shvabrin eshaya ekhohlisayo igalelo Grinyov Duel futhi wabhala ngaphezu ukulahlwa zamanga kayise uPetru. U-Aleksey Ivanovich hhayi ngenxa yezinkolelo ngemibono phezu kuya Pugacheva ohlangothini uthemba kanjalo ukulondoloza izimpilo zabo, futhi uma yimpumelelo, luthemba ukwenza umsebenzi ngesikhathi Emelyanov. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, uyakulangazelela crack phansi Grinev futhi ngenkani oshadile ukuba Masha, ngubani akayithandi.

Umkhaya Mironov futhi Solomin

Kafushane bajwayelane izinhlamvu, nezinye izinhlamvu owenza Pushkin emsebenzini wakhe "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika". Heroes, okuzoxoxwa, izikhulu basonta avamile njengoba Shvabrin. Basuke nokuhlobene kakhulu ubungako amasosha. Sikhuluma Ivane Ignateviche, lwalugobile isikaniso uLieutenant nenduna Mironov, okunguyena kwasekuqaleni kwakungafanele ashiye ngisho umnumzana - waphuma izingane lamasosha ngesikhathi amaphoyisa. Futhi Yegorovna, umkakhe, induna, kanye uLieutenant we ijika prizvedeniya "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - lezi namaqhawe babe abangafundile, nge umkhathizwe elinganiselwe, ningamniki ithuba ukuba siqonde injongo kanye nezizathu kwavukelwa ethandwa.

Kwakungafanele ngaphandle nemiphumela ethile engathandeki, ejwayelekile ukuthi zaziyokwenzeka ngaleso sikhathi. Masikhumbule "ubulungisa" Marechale. Uthi angeke bakwazi ukusho ukuthi ubani ilungile futhi akulungile ngubani - Prohor noma Ustinja. Bobabili kufanele ajeziswe. Nokho, Mironov kwaba abantu abalungile futhi elula, ezinikele emsebenzini, ukulungele ngokungesabi ukufela "indlu engcwele ngokuvumelana nonembeza wakhe."

Image Masha Mironova

Siyaqhubeka ukuhlaziya. Indodakazi Likakaputeni (ogama udumo futhi yaqanjwa umkhiqizo zisithakazelise) - uhlamvu colorful kakhulu. Pushkin ngemfudumalo omkhulu futhi uthando kudala isithombe Masha Mironova. Kuyo afihliwe ngaphansi ngobubele ukubukeka kwangaphandle wamandla nokuqina, iconsi uthando Grinyov, ukumelana Shvabrin, uhambo wakhe eSt Petersburg iNdlovukazi ukuze asindise nesoka lakhe. Lokho umkhiqizo, okuyinto kudala Pushkin, indodakazi likakaputeni. Ukuhlaziya ukuziphatha protagonist, u-Alexander esanda kuba nozwela.

umalume Savelyevich Grinyova

Umbhali kakhulu ngempela kubonisa indlela Savelich, guys Grinyova, serf. ngokuzinikela kwakhe ekunakekeleni abantu Lord is kude nceku elula njengoba kuboniswa ukuhlaziywa eyenziwa yithi. "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - indaba lapho Savelich ambonise njengoba okonakele kuya inceku kaJehova. Ngakho, ngo-bembeka engenabulungisa nokhahlo Grinyova ubaba encwadini yakhe, kuzibiza "inceku yakho athembekile," noma "inceku", ngoba kwakuyinto evamile ngaleso sikhathi ngokuhlwaya emithombolwazini Madoda we serfs. Nokho, ithoni incwadi hero benamandla umuzwa besithunzi sobuntu. ingcebo Ezingokomoya, ukuhlonipheka kwangaphakathi yobuntu bakhe ngokugcwele kuvele ngesikhathi uthando womuntu ngokujulile futhi esingenandaba ngokuphelele we nesizungu, empofu ubudala ukuba isilwane sakhe.

Ukubona Emelyana Pugacheva e umkhiqizo

Pushkin ( "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika") ihlaziye umfanekiso Emelyana Pugacheva. Ngo 1830 uye wakwenza wawufunda umlando wabantu ekuvukeleni kwakhe. isithombe Yemelyan ezidalwe umkhiqizo kufanele sibe nesithakazelo, wehlukile isithombe yangaphambilini ye Pugachev. Ngaphandle lwaluthintwa Pushkin wabonisa ukuthi umholi yokuvukela ethandwa. ngomfanekiso waKhe kunikezwa kulo lonke Iqiniso elibuhlungu liwukuthi ngezinye izikhathi unonya.

Isithombe nombhali kuyahluka Yemelyan "nokucija" - abavukelayo umoya khulula, ukuzwakala kwengqondo, isibindi nobuqhawe futhi ukuzibamba, ububanzi bemvelo. Likhuluma usitjela Grinyov igwababa kanye ukhozi. nencazelo yalo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi okwamanje ukuphila egqamile futhi khulula iminyaka yobusha vegetating. Pugachev uthi ngaye ngokwakhe ngokuthi umkhuba wakhe - "akhiphe ababulawa kahle uxolele kusukela baxolelwe."

I impindamqondo esiyinhlanganisela

Alexander ngokuthi indaba "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika". Singabantu in the last isahluko imisebenzi futhi uyiswa izindlu yizicukuthwane Grinevoj ukuleso simo lakuso umlingisi. impindamqondo okunjalo isiqalo nesiphetho ukwakheka inoveli inamathela ukuphelela futhi slimness. Nokho, Pushkin unezela kuthintwa entsha ukuze incazelo isimo. Ngakho, ubaba Green absently ecinga kukhalenda yakho, unina akusho ukupheka sikhathi, uju ujamu kanye ijezi knits ngoba Petrusha, okumele abe badingiselwa ekudingisweni esiphakade eSiberia. Heavy idrama umndeni wakhala a idyll umndeni.

timphawu telulwimi

Ulimi is ngemsebenti lobhalwako kuphela, kuyinto ephawulekayo tale party. umlingisi ngamunye Pushkin unika ulimi ekhethekile ngendlela oluhambisana ezingeni yentuthuko yayo, isimo sengqondo, uhlamvu, isimo sabo emphakathini. Ngakho-ke, izinhlamvu okukhulu kwemifanekiso izitatimende zabo umfundi kokuba izithombe womuntu acacile ngokungavamile nabadumile. Bona wafingqa izici sici ekuphileni emphakathini Russian yesikhathi.

Lokhu kuphetha ukuhlaziywa. "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - umsebenzi yokuloba okungaba isikhathi eside kakhulu. Its like N. V Gogol akubeka, ephawula "nobumsulwa artlessness", elakhiwa ngo-ngezinga eliphezulu ngangokuthi kubonakala caricature nokumlingisa phambi kwakhe. Gogol wathi bonke amanoveli Russian nezindaba kubonakale kulula, kuyindaba nje "amakhowe okunoshukela" ngaphambi kokwenza "Ndodakazi sikaKaputeni" okukhulunywa ngaye, ukudalulwa eye okwethulwa kulesi sihloko.