Ukudla nokugcina i-rat ekhaya

Izakhamuzi zasekhaya ziletha injabulo, ukuhleka nokukwethuka kwengane endlini. Indlu lapho okungenani isidalwa esiphilayo esiphila khona, sibukeka singcolile futhi singenasici. Siyabonga kubafowethu abasebasha, ukuphila kujabula futhi kunomusa. Izilwane zidinga ukunakekelwa nokuqapha - kubalulekile ukwazi uma ukhetha isilwane. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi lokhu akuyona ithoyizi okwesikhashana, kodwa kuyinto ephilayo enezidingo ezithile.

Amagundane

Isilwane yisilwane esihlakaniphile nesiqili kakhulu. Libhekisela kumagundane. Emvelweni kukhona izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-64 zamagundane. Isakhiwo somzimba kulezi zilwane siyathandeka kakhulu, ngoba ubude bomsila bulingana nobude bomzimba, futhi ngezinye izikhathi buyidlula. Ngokuvamile amagundane azalwa enombala obomvu, kodwa ungathola umbala ombala obomvu, o-orange kanye ophuzi. Amagundane anezinzwane ezithinta kakhulu emasendweni abo.

Izilwane ezinjalo zihola indlela yokuphila emhlabeni. Bangahlala eqenjini elilodwa noma ngamaqembu. Njengesiphephelo esivela ezihlaselweni kanye nesimo sezulu esibi, basebenzisa iminyango. Lezi zingenziwa empeleni "izindlu" noma iminyango yezinye izilwane. Amagundane abhekwa njengama-omnivores, kodwa zonke izinhlobo zinezinto ezithandayo: ukutshala noma ukudla kwezilwane. Ukukhiqizwa kwezilwane kwenzeka njalo unyaka wonke.

Amakhanda njengezilwane ezifuywayo

Abantu abaningi bakhetha amagundane njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Eqinisweni, lokhu akuyona into engavamile, ngoba akusiyo izilwane ezingcolile ezihlala ezindlini zangaphansi. Uma utshala udoti, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi kuzodingeka ukhathathwe, ngoba akuhlanzekile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile lezi zilwane zikhethwe ngokuqondile ngoba zihlakaniphile.

Kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, amagundane asekhaya aphethwe ngokukhethekile aqala ukuvela. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuyilwane le- grey rat. Izinduku ezinjalo zizolile futhi zilinganise, ukuziphatha kwazo kuhluke kakhulu ekuziphatheni kokhokho basendle. Futhi, amagundane asekhaya avame ukuvuthwa njengokudla okuphilayo kubantu abahlala emaphandleni asekhaya nasezindaweni zasemakhaya.

Isilinganiso: Ukunakekelwa nokuqukethwe

Ukukhetha udoti njengesilwane ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kuwumthwalo omkhulu. Ukukhetha isilwane, abaningi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi isilwane esikhulu sidinga ukunakekelwa okuphelele nangesikhathi eside kunomncane. Kodwa akunjalo. Ukunakekela amagundane namagundane amancane kungadla isikhathi esiningi kunokunakekela i-watchdog. Okuqukethwe kwinduna endlini kunezici ezithile okudingeka wazi ukuze ulungele. Kuyinto engathandeki ukuvumela i-rat ukuthi ihambe ngaphandle kokuhamba mahhala efulethini, njengoba i-rodent. Ngamanye amazwi, isilwane sizobheka into engayithola. Njengoba into enjalo ingakhethwa umlenze we-sofa, umbhede, ikhoneni lensiza noma izintambo. Uma ukulimala kwifenisha kubangele umonakalo, khona-ke ikhebula eligqamile lizoholela ngisho nasemlilweni. Umthetho wokuqala wokugunda amahhashi ekhaya uthi kufanele uhambe ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuqaphile.

Amakhanda afisa ukuphawula indawo. Iphunga lezimfihlo zabo liqondile, ngakho kufanele ujwayele. Okuqukethwe kwamagundane okuhlobisa kunoma yikuphi okuzobe kuhambisane nephunga elithile, ngakho kufanele uqaphele ukuhlanza nsuku zonke kweseli.

Umbuso wokushisa lezi zilwane ubaluleke kakhulu. Basabela kabi kakhulu ngokushicilela nokukhanya kwelanga. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhumbule lokhu uma ukhetha indawo yesango lezilwane. Ukushisa okufanele kunazo zonke izilwanyana zasendlini ku-18-21 ° C.

Ukukhethwa kweselula

Okuqukethwe okududuzayo kwenkambiso akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kweselula ehlomele. Okokuqala, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi iseli elikhulu lizoba lula hhayi ngesilwane kuphela, kodwa nakwabanikazi. Iziqukathi ezincane ezingakhululekile ziyakhathazeka kakhulu ukuhlanza. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuhlanza kufanele kube yansuku zonke. Kungcono kakhulu ukugeza indawo evulekile. Emgodini, kuzomele kube khona indawo yokuzijabulisa ye rat. Kunezintambo ezihlukahlukene, izitebhisi, njll. Lokhu konke kungathengwa kugcwele ngesikhala esitolo sesilwane noma ukuthenga ngokwehlukana. Ama-rats amancane, ukunyakaza kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke isilwane siyojabula nenani elikhulu lezinto ongayisebenzisa. Abantu abavuthiwe abengeziwe abadingi isikhathi sokuchitha isikhathi esisebenzayo. Kubo, ikamelo elinesondo elilodwa eligijima lifanelekile, lapho bayohlala begibele khona ngezikhathi ezithile.

Njenge-filler, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-sawdust. Kubalulekile ukuthi azincane kakhulu, ngoba izinhlayiya ezincane zezinkuni ziwa emehlweni, izimpumu nezindlebe zesilwane. Lokhu kungabangela ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergenic. Ungasebenzisa futhi iphepha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kube ngaphandle kokubhaliswa noma imidwebo. Sebenzisa ukotini njengendlela yokugcwalisa iseli akukhuthazwa nhlobo.

Isevisi yamasosha

Izimo zamagundane zikhombisa ukuthi ukuhlanza okulodwa ngeviki kuyanele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isilwane sizoba mnandi. Ukuhlanza kufanele kube okuphelele. Kubalulekile ukuphefumula okuphelele ukuze ugweme ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthelela isilwane ngamabhaktheriya ahlukahlukene noma u-fungus. Njengoba kukhulunywe ngenhla, kungenzeka ukuba kwenziwe ukuhlanza kwansuku zonke okulula, okudingekayo ukuze unciphise iphunga elimnandi kusukela empilweni yesilwane. Ungayifuni i-disinfact nsuku zonke.

Ukudla kwesilwane

Amagundane okuhlobisa, okunakekelwa kwawo nokuqukethwe okwakucatshangwa ngaso kancane kancane, kunezici ezithile zokudla okunomsoco. Isilwane sihlale sidinga amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi amanzi apheli emgodini, udinga ukuthenga isitsha esikhethekile sokuphuza. Amanzi kuwo kumele ashintshwe nsuku zonke. Yondla isilwane sakho ngokudla okusanhlamvu, izithelo, imifino, ama-dandelion namaqabunga e-plantain, amantongomane kanye namathambo enkukhu. Konke lokhu kufanele kushintshwe, kugcizelelwe ekutsheni okusanhlamvu. Amantongomane ayasiza kakhulu emakhompini ekugaya amazinyo, ngakho-ke ukufakwa kwabo ekudleni kuyimpoqo. Ukudla ekudleni kwerath kungafakwa, kepha hhayi kaningi. Amathanga ikakhulukazi afana nezithelo ezilandelayo: ama-apula, ama cherry, ama-persimmons, ama-apricot, ama-strawberries, ama-raspberries, ubhanana, amagilebhisi nama-peaches. Kuyasiza kakhulu izilwane ukuba zifake ekudleni kwezithelo ezomile. Abantu abadala badinga ukudla okubili ngosuku, ama-cubs kudingeka adliwe izikhathi ezingu-4 ngosuku.

Emgodini wesilwane kufanele ufake i-mineral stone, lapho i-rat ingathola khona i-calcium edingekayo. Kunqatshelwe ukunikeza izilwane usawoti, ukubhema, okuthosiwe, amafutha, okubabayo, ukudla okubandayo. Futhi kufanele unqabe amaswidi, amasobho, imiqulu, ama-muffin, iklabishi, ama-legumes, amazambane abomvu, izithelo ezingavuthiwe noma ezivuthiwe nemifino, ubisi, ushizi, amaqabunga ezitshalo zokuhlobisa, ama-beet nama-alimondi. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi lokhu akuyona nje isethi yokudla okungenamsoco. Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunjalo ngodaka kungaholela ezinkingeni zempilo ezimbi. Ukunamathela ekuneni okunempilo nokuphila okusebenzayo, isilwane sizokhula sinempilo futhi sijabule.

Ukukhiqizwa ngabanye

Okuqukethwe kwidaka yodwa akusongeli ukubukeka kwezinzalo. Kulesi simo, uma abantu ababili behlala emgodini, kubonakala sengathi inzalo iyabonakala. Lona ludaba olubaluleke kakhulu, olunikezwa kancane. Lezi zinduku zifinyelela ekufikeni emasontweni amahlanu, ngakho-ke uma abantu abaningana behlala emgodini, kumele bahlukaniswe. Asikho isikhathi sokuzalanisa, ngakho abantwana bangabonakala noma kunini.

Ukuxhumana nesilwane

Okuqukethwe kwilanga akukhawulelwanga ekunakekeleni nasekunomsoco. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nesilwane, ngoba inqolobane empeleni ijele. Kulesi simo, isilwane sinqatshelwe noma yikuphi ukuxhumana nemvelo, okuyinto imingcele kakhulu rat. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhipha isilwane ukuze uhambe, ukuthatha ezandleni kanye nokwensimbi. I-rat encane ngokushesha isetshenziselwa inkosi. Futhi lezi zilwane ziyakuthanda ukunakwa, ngokuvamile zidlala nabo.

Njengoba lezi zilwane ezihlakaniphile kakhulu, umuntu kufanele abanike imisebenzi elula. Abanikazi abaningi bamagundane bamangala ukuthi isilwane esincane singaba nomusa kanjani futhi sibe nomusa uma siphathwa ngesineke nangesisa.

Izingozi Zama-Wild Rats

Isilinganiso, okuqukethwe, nokudla okubhekwa ngenhla, kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kubantu. Nokho, lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo ezithile zamagundane. Amagundane ase-synanthropic abangela umonakalo omkhulu emnothweni ngokuchitha noma yiziphi izimpahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingalimaza igridi yamandla, eholela emlilweni. E-US, amacala anjalo awavamile. Ezinye izinhlobo zamagundane zidla izitshalo emikhakheni emikhulu, zonakalisa ezolimo ezinkulu. Ukuthola indawo ecebile ekudleni, amagundane akhula ngokuphindaphindiwe, okuholela ekudakaleni kwesimo sonke. Kuze kube manje, kunezindlela eziningi zokulawula izinambuzane.

Amakhompi asezitaladini ayingozi kakhulu kubantu. Bangabathwali bezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-zoonotic ne-anthropozoonotic. Amagundane athatha ama-causative agents of plague, rabies, typhus nezinye izifo ezibi kakhulu.

Ukufingqa, kufanele kuthiwa isilwane sasekhaya, ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa okuhlolisisiwe ngokuningiliziwe, kudinga ukunakekelwa nokuthandwa okungaphezulu, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isilwane.