Ukubeka isisekelo isisekelo. Ukubeka izingodo isisekelo

Ukubeka isisekelo kuze kube sesisekelweni ngokuvamile kwenziwa ukunweba indawo yendlu uma kunesidingo. Lo isidingo ngisho esimweni lapho yasekuqaleni lalingenayo imali eyanele yokwakha indlu kwendawo oyifunayo.

Izici imisebenzi

Ngaphambi kokuqalisa umsebenzi, kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngisho noma isisekelo esisha izokwakhiwa ku ubuchwepheshe obufanayo futhi usebenzisa izinto efanayo elidala, namanje ngeke shwabanisa. Lokhu kukhombisa isidingo amabili nezisekelo umphetho sedimentary, khona layo Kuphoqelekile. Umuntu wayengabona ukuthi baye bame kwelokuthi lokhu impela ukuvimbela ukwakheka imifantu izindonga isakhiwo main. Ukuze ukwakha isisekelo esifanele, kubalulekile ukwazi uhlobo indlela abulawe yayo ngaphansi isakhiwo esikhulu. Uma sikhuluma tape based, kubalulekile ukwazi ububanzi isisekelo. Lapho ukubusa, isakhiwo esisha endala isisekelo columnar usungaqala uhlobo lomsebenzi kuphela emva uzokwazi ukwazi ukuthi wawungakanani izisekelo kanye of kubekwa yabo ukujula.

isazi izincomo

Ukubeka isisekelo kuze kube sesisekelweni kufanele lwenziwe kuphela ngesisekelo ukuthi ngezizathu kumele lifane. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba ugcine ukwakha isisekelo ukuthi kuyoba eshibhile kunaleyo ubudala, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-ukuncipha imiklamo ezahlukene zizohluka. Ukuze ukwazi ukubona ububanzi, sebenzisa steel induku okungukuthi zintengezele i-engela 90 ^0.

Phakathi ukubhanqa izisekelo izakhiwo kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukuncipha ekunikezeni amandla kwenhlabathi entwasahlobo, okuholela ukwandisa kokuqukethwe yayo umswakama, ngokulinganisa nale eminye kwandisa ikhono shwabanisa.

Ukubeka isisekelo kuze kube sesisekelweni kumele kwenziwe ukuze aphule isofthiwe, ububanzi okufanele kuleli uhla 20-40 cm. Le izingxenye inkatho kufanele ibekwe rebar.

amathuluzi Ukulungiselela futhi izinto

Phakathi imisebenzi master angase abe nomuzwa wokuthi kufanele usebenzise izinto ezilandelayo kanye namathuluzi:

• scrap;
• yokugcizelela steel;
• formwork;
• ehlohla;
• nokuvikela impahla, njengoba ukufulela impahla ezingasetshenziswa isinyathelo noma ukufulela wazizwa;
• ukhonkolo.

isizinda Ukuqinisa

Ukunwetshwa base kumele zisebenze isixazululo ukhonkolo, ngezinye izikhathi ukuze ngezithako zawo kunezelwa ukugcizelela. Uma kudingeka, ngokuqinile sopryach izingxenye ezimbili, enye yazo - eyisisekelo, kanye nezinye - entsha, ukuthola isakhiwo Monolithic, kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi eqinisa. Lolu hlobo lomsebenzi kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokugcwalisa ikhambi isizinda. Phakathi okhulisa kudingekile ukushisela ukuqinisa izingcezu ayingxenye isisekelo. Kukhona esinye isixazululo okudinga umshayeli imishini ukuqinisa libhala isisekelo ubudala.

Ubuchwepheshe umsebenzi phezu kwezisekelo uxhumano

Ukubeka isisekelo kuze kube sesisekelweni ukuqala ukulungela emseleni isisekelo esisha. Ukumba umgodi izingxenye ezidingekayo, akudingekile ukuba wazala isisekelo kanye lonke ubude, lokho kungase kubangele ukusonteka izinqubo kakade esakhiwe ngaphambi elisekela kakhonkolo. Indlu main has ithuba lokuqinisa, usebenzisa struts slanted, kuyilapho ama-valve okufanele isetshenziswe qinisa isisekelo eziyisisekelo. Yini ukuvuleka eziningana, okuyizinto ezidingekayo zokuthola izinduku steel ayihlomele. Phakathi izisekelo ezindala nezintsha ulaliswe ukufulela, noma ezinye izinto ungangenisi amanzi.

Uma udinga ukushintsha kwesisekelo ukujula, kubalulekile ukuba uhlele amabhentshi ekhethekile obude ngeke bube ngaphezu kuka-50 cm. Qala onqenqemeni kumelwe asuswe kumila imitha elilodwa. Uma usukulungele ukusebenza Ukumbiwa emseleni, le zazo ukujula kufanele ulingana wokuqala ukujula singaphindi sibeke isisekelo. Manje izinhlangothi bese phansi nomsele angabekwa, kususwe amatshe. Uma ababebuthene formwork amabhodi sokhuni. Ezansi kuthululwe amatshe, ohlangene futhi emva zonke ukhonkolo kuthululwe. Uma ukhonkolo lithola amandla, ungakwazi ukususa formwork.

Ukubeka imithi phansi indlu

Uma udinga ukwenza ibha obandayo kuze kube sesisekelweni, original kufanele kwenziwe umsebenzi wokwenza amalungiselelo. Yini ugodo igibele ekulungiseleleni isakhiwo grillage plate noma strip. It okusadingeka kwenziwe kusengaphambili kuvulwa. Fixing Kwenziwa ukusetshenziswa Ilokhi nati, screwed phezu stud. Ukunamathela ezintweni base ugodo Kungafezani kanje. Ngemva bakwazi ukugcwalisa base, ungqimba layo elingenhla kufanele imishudo acwiliselwa, isisekelo zingase agobile noma oyindilinga. Phakathi lwemidlalo kufanele ahlale ibanga 0.5 m, kodwa engasekho. Ugongolo kumele esetshenziswa imishudo ezimbili. Ngemva lukhuni tape noma setshe ungaqala ukulungiselela ugodo. Kuyini izimbobo Usululungele izikopelo. Khona-ke isisekelo isihlenga sihlolelwe ovundlile. Ngokuhamba isisekelo isihlenga selibekiwe ukufulela impahla, futhi kakade ukukhwezwa ugongolo. Basuke ukukhwezwa ungene izikopelo. kumele sisetshenziswe eliphezulu steel ogobile. Basuke ogibele ngezikulufo.

On ibhawudo stud kumele agqoke umgomo ebanzi, bese umoya Ilokhi nut. Uma usetha ugodo ngendlela iyoletha amandla kanye nokwethembeka.

Okunamathiselwe kumila kukholamu

Uma unquma ukwenza isinamathiselo kumila kukholamu, ungasebenzisa esiqinile noma esinanyathiselwe. Kungaba kukhethwe ngokuzimela ingcweti ngubani ukhiqiza umsebenzi. Uma usebenzisa uhlobo yokugcina lokunamathelisa, sizokwazi ukuvula kwesigaba lokukhanda. Nakuba i-eqinile nakho ngeke kusize okunamathiselwe imishudo zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuzungeza cross-izigaba, enika node ukuqina izici. Uma kukhona isidingo sokwenza ikholomu eziveza phezulu, abutment kufanele babe nokhahlo, kodwa ohlangothini abutting kufanele okushiwo, nge eziningana imishudo isuswe, iziqobosho uhlala kuphela phansi esibonakalayo. Ngakho, ungakhetha ezifanele kakhulu kuwe ukukhweza ikholomu isisekelo.

Ukubeka ukuze uzimele base

Uma kukhona isidingo sokuqinisa ifremu phansi, kufanele usebenzise stud esishunyekiwe. Lalihlehliswa lwemidlalo e ukhonkolo lukhuni at ibanga 1.5-2 amamitha. Ebusweni laligcwele ungangenisi amanzi, emva screwed underlayer ebhodini.

Ukukhweza Uhlaka kuze kube sesisekelweni kuhambisana ukusetshenziswa izikopelo linamathele oda hhayi abaphazamisa geometry we okhalweni ngesikhathi umsebenzi. Kukhona amathuba amaningi ukushintsha indlela obandayo ohilela nokubeka amabhodi underlay skirting ngokusebenzisa ungangenisi amanzi. Ngemva kokuba ibhodi senziwa perforating imbobo ayehlala kuwo lapho ekuleso imali izingcezu eziningana, ubungako bawo kumele ilingane 10h150 mm ngaphesheya ibhodi emva Amabha ukuqinisa kuthiwa okhandwe ngesando 190 mm.

Uma athi angaqaphela ukuthi nasezinsikeni izinsika kuze kube sesisekelweni ekwakhiweni indlu Uhlaka, ungaqala umsebenzi. Ulwazi kuzovumela master ukwenza yonke imisebenzi efanele.