UJoshua Reynolds: Biography nokudala

UJoshua Reynolds (1723-1792) cishe cishe lonke i-XVIII leminyaka, uqala futhi asebenzise izimiso zokudala isithombe esihle. Lapho eneminyaka engama-45 ubudala, wabizwa ngokuthi uyinkosikazi nezobuchwepheshe bokuzikhethela ukuthi wakhetha umongameli weRoyal Academy. UJoshua Reynolds ufunde ngokungakhathali, ukuthola ulwazi ezindaweni ezikude nomdwebo. Lapho ephothula e-Oxford eneminyaka engu-51, wabeka isithombe sakhe esihlokweni somdokotela womthetho.

UJoshua Reynolds: Biography

UJoshuwa wayengumntwana wesithathu uMfundisi uSamuel Reynolds wasePlympton, owayesebenza ekolishi. Udadewabo omdala kayise, ebona ikhono lekhono lomfana ukuba alidwebe, akhokhele imfundo yakhe esiteshini sombukiso we-portraitist T. Goodson eLondon, bese e-Italy. U-Viscount Keppel, owayehlangana naye, wanikela ukuhamba naye ohambweni eya eMedithera. Endleleni umkhumbi wavakashela eLisbon, eCadiz, e-Algeria. Ngakho uJoshua Reynolds waya eRoma. Umculi wokuqala wawuthonywa ngokuqinile nguMichelangelo, uRaffhael, Titian, Veronese, Correggio noVanck.

Isithombe sokuqala

Ebuyela eNgilandi ngo-1752 eFlorence, e-Bologna naseParis, uJoshua Reynolds uhlala eLondon. Udadewabo uFrancis uba ngumgcini wakhe wendlu, futhi umculi usuqale umsebenzi, okuzokwenza kube khona udumo olukhulu ngokushesha. Wabhala "Isithombe se-Admiral Keppel" esimweni se-pose se- Apollo Belvedere (1753). I-Admiral encane iyinhle futhi ilula, futhi isithombe sakhe sigcwele uthando.

Ohlangothini lwesobunxele luboshwe ngethunzi elimnyama, futhi ngakwesokudla ngaphansi kwemikhumbi ebhakabhakeni ekhanyayo ekhanyayo emanzini olwandle. August Keppel - ukuphelela ngokwayo: izici ezifanele, amashiya amahle avule amehlo amakhulu, impumuzo eqondile, izindebe, ezithinta kancane ukumomotheka. Uphonsa ilungelo lokunene elihle, kanti owesibili ubambe inkemba. Lesi sibalo asikho static, kodwa sigcwele amandla. U-August Keppel uboniswa ngasemuva wamadwala nolwandle oluphazamisayo, olunamaqhubu anamanzi. Ezinhle kakhulu ama-shadow shades-esibhakabhakeni, ama-shade awela phezu kwesikhumba kanye ne-camisole ye-admiral. Ngayithanda le portrait kangangokuthi ngokushesha ngaqala ukuthola imiyalo.

I-courtesan yokuthakazelisa

Ikhululekile futhi igcwele kalula, ekhombisa umsebenzi wenkosi eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha, isithombe sikaNelly O'Brien. Lena enye yezintandokazi zeReynolds.

Ngalesi sikhathi, uNellie wayeyithandana noBolinkbroke, owabeletha indodana yakhe ngo-1764. Isithombe esiphezulu sowesifazane osemusha siboniswa ngokusondelene. Ngasemuva kukhona amahlathi aminyene, angene kuwo emisebeni yelanga. Ukukhanya kubeka i-glare emfanekisweni wesimodeli kanye nenja elimhlophe elimhlophe eliphethe ezandleni zakhe, futhi ubuso bufihla emthunzini we-hat. Kuyinto lokhu - ethule, ejabulisayo, enobungane - iningi labo liheha ukunakwa.

Iqembu

Ukusebenza kakhulu futhi nokuchitha isikhathi emsebenzini wakhe, uReynolds wayesengumuntu othakazelisayo. Ukuze ahlangane nabangane, amakhasimende, abahlakaniphile, izibalo zezempi nezombusazwe, wabeka leli qembu ngo-1764. Ekuqaleni kwakunabantu abambalwa kakhulu, kepha uSheridan naye wangena lapho, khona-ke lo mphakathi waso wakhula waba ngabantu abangu-35. Futhi kuze kube yilolu suku ekwakheni imihlangano yakhe kukhona isikhala somkhumbuzo.

I-Royal Academy

Ilungu leRoyal Society of Arts, umdwebi wathatha inhlangano yeNhlangano Yabamabhritish British, futhi ngo-1768 waba umongameli weRoyal Academy. Kulo akhuluma. Kukhona futhi uwathatha uWilliam Blake, owagxeka kakhulu usihlalo. Babengabantu abahluke kakhulu - uWilliam Blake noJoshua Reynolds. Ngisho nemisebenzi yabalobi behluke ngendlela ehlukile, hhayi ukukhuluma ngombono kanye nesimo sezwe. Kwakuyiminyaka ukuthi uReynolds waba ngumculi omkhulu weNkosi uGeorge III ngemuva kokufa kuka-Allan Ramsey.

Izimbali zokudala

Ngalesi sikhathi, umdwebi-umdwebi wezithombe-mdwebo uye washiya ama-allegories, futhi ekudalwa kwezithombe ubeka umphefumulo wakhe. Ubhala isithombe somdlali we-actress uSara Siddons ngesimo se-museum yenhlekelele.

Ixazululwe amathoni ezinombala egolide, lo mdwebo ubonisa indlela umdlali we-actress, ehlezi ngayo esihlalweni sobukhosi, ohola ugqozi lokubikezela kwalabo abantakwethu ababili ngemuva kwesimo esihlangothini sesitulo.

Ubhala umfanekiso wesimo sikaKaputeni George Kussmeyker. Lo msebenzi uyamangaza ngobuhle bawo kanye nomsebenzi ocebile kakhulu.

Ukuncibilikisa emuva ngokumelene nesihlahla, esithandweni sokugibela kuyinto induna encane. Umbala wehhashi lakhe ucebile, uhlaza, ukhuluma ngokukhuthazela okuhle kwesilwane. I-pose yehhashi - iphikisana nomuthi - iyamangalisa. Akumangalisi ukuthi babuze umculi izikhathi ezingu-21! Isithombe sibukeka ngendlela engavamile futhi sothando. Induna yamkhokhela imali eningi ngaleso sikhathi - amasentimitha angama-205 kanye nama-guineas angu-10 uhlaka ngalunye.

Isithombe se "Lady Elizabeth Delme nezingane" (1779)

Indodakazi encane ehloniphekile ihlanganisa izingane ezimbili. Inja enomlilo ihlezi ngezinyawo. Ukuhlanganiswa babhekisela kunxantathu yesigaba, isibalo esilinganiselwe kakhulu. Umdwebi kulo mhlangano wathathwa ngu "Raphael's Madonna nge-Chip". Futhi isizinda, esithathwe amathoni ensundu, sikhumbuza kokubili uTitian ngisho noRembrandt.

I-Lady Delme iyinhle nenhle kakhulu ye-English. Ubuso bakhe buyi-oval shape, futhi amehlo akhe anamajwabu amehlo anzima kakhulu. Ikhanda lezintambo liphakeme futhi lipholile kancane. Igqoko lakhe elimhlophe limbozwe ngengubo yokugqoka yombala we-red rose. Esikhathini sombala ofanayo umntwana ugqoke, futhi intombazane, kanye nomama, ingubo emhlophe. Umbala wonke wombala wesithombe ulinganiselwe kahle. Lo msebenzi ungabizwa ngokuthi i-portrait enkulu yeqembu. Le ndlela yasetshenziswa futhi nguJoshua Reynolds. Izithombe zaloluhlobo oluhlelekayo kumakhasimende, ngaphandle kokushiya, noma kunjalo, kusuka esithombeni esiyiqiniso.

Imidwebo yomlando yenkosi ibuthakathaka kunezibonakaliso zakhe. Kodwa kwakungumyalo kaCatherine the Great no-Prince Potemkin owabhalwa nguJoshua Reynolds. Izithombe ezinesihloko esithi "I-Hercules Yengane Enamathele Izinyoka" (ikhazimulisa ukunqoba kweRussia), "Ukubekezela kukaSpipio" (magnanimity) kanye ne "Cupid ukuvula ibhande likaVenus" kuyi-Hermitage.

I-autumn yokuphila

Ngeminyaka engu-66, lo mculi waqala ukugula. Akasaboni ngeso elilodwa futhi eyeka ukusebenza. Udadewethu othandekayo (noReynolds futhi bahlala njengelungu lomfundi) basasebenza njengomgcini wezindlu. Ukwelashwa kweso ngosizo lokuthunyelwa kwegazi akuphumelelanga. Isimo esijwayelekile somculi sibi kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho washona ngonyaka we-69 wokuphila kwakhe.

Ngo-1903 wabekwa isikhumbuzo egcekeni leRoyal Academy.