Uba kanjani wamapulani futhi okudingeka uyenze?

Abantu abaningi abasha unesithakazelo umbuzo kanjani ukuba abe umklami. Lokhu ehlonishwayo futhi kakhulu umsebenzi esikhokhelwayo, ochwepheshe kanye ezinhle zihlale funa. Nokho, ukuze ube wezakhiwo abanekhono - umsebenzi onzima odinga ukuqeqeshwa okunzulu kanye umzamo Herculean.

Umlando mkhakha

Uma ucabanga ukuthi emakhulwini amaningi nezinkulungwane zeminyaka, kukhona imibhoshongo baseGibhithe, amathempeli lasendulo kanye nezinye izakhiwo, kumele kuphetfwe ukuthi umklami - lena kungeminye yemisebenzi endala. Elinye lamagama edume kakhulu isikhathi - Imhotep.

Esikhathini Renaissance, le ubungcweti wezakhiwo iyathandwa kakhulu futhi ehlonishwa. Ngenxa ubuciko isikhungo kwaba Italy, kuba yisibalo esikhulu sabasebenzi esingakaze ochwepheshe abanamakhono iye yagxila kulelizwe.

With ukuthuthukiswa isayensi, ubuchwepheshe kanye umkhakha Architect yemfanelo ayisesemikhulu kancane. Namuhla, sici yayo eyinhloko design. Noma kunjalo, uyena onelungelo lokusho ukuthi ulawule inqubo ukwakhiwa kanye yokuqedela.

Kungani ukhethe ubungcweti wezakhiwo

Iba wezakhiwo odumile - kuyinto iphupho kubantu abaningi abasha. Kukhona izizathu ezibalulekile eziningana:

• izakhiwo - akusiyo nje mkhakha womsebenzi nokuphila isitayela;
• abantu abalungile ahlonishwayo emphakathini;
• unikezwa ukuthi izakhiwo akemi namanje, nawe njalo nokuguquguquka;
• Uchwepheshe unethuba ukuba baveze abakucabangayo, ebenza babe imiklamo;
• bakwazi ukusebenza ngokuzimela ngaphandle abaphathi nalabo abangaphansi;
• umphumela umsebenzi isikhathi eside futhi kanzima, ungakwazi nje ngokubona kodwa futhi bazizwa;
• ezinhle amaphrojekthi Architects nokwenza ngcono impilo yabantu;
• naphezu isidingo ngokuqinile ulandele imithetho, kukhona njalo ilungelo lokuhlela kanye emisha;
• umakhi ezinhle uhlale ziphoqa (ngisho umhlalaphansi);
• ithuba ukusebenza ezindaweni eziningi - ekwakheni yokuhlala encane ezikhungweni enkulu yezimboni.

Yini odinga ukukwazi ukuze babe wezakhiwo

Ukuze ukuklama isakhiwo enhle futhi iphephile, kubalulekile imfundo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ithalenta zemvelo. Nokho, ngaphandle uhlaka oluthile theory liphinde akukwazeki ube specialist ezinhle. Yini odinga ukukwazi ukuze abe umklami? Nazi avelele:

• computer design;
• amafomula eziyisisekelo;
• ngobakhamuzi zokunakekelwa kwemvelo futhi geodetic, kanye ukwakhiwa amabalazwe;
• sokuhlanganiswa ngokucophelela nasekuchazeni imibhalo lobuchwepheshe;
• kwezokwakha.

Jobe Umsebenzi

Umangele nendlela yokuba wezakhiwo, umuntu kufanele aqale ubunjalo mkhakha. Ngakho, umthwalo wemfanelo professional ingxenye ohlwini olulandelayo imisebenzi:

• imidwebo ukwakhiwa, isabelomali, onobuhle ukukhiqizwa, nokuthuthukisa amanye amadokhumenti okuphathelene isakhiwo;
• Design yephrojekthi, ehlelelwe umhla ukuba zakhelwe;
• ukuzivocavoca kokuqondisa okuqhubekayo phezu inqubo kwakhiwa isakhiwo ukuze kutholakale nokuhambisana imibhalo project;
• izinqumo uma ngeziphambeko;
• oxhumana nabo kanye namakhasimende nabaphakeli materials amaphrojekthi.

Izidingo Eziyisisekelo izicelo ukuba athathe lesi sikhundla

Kulabo ngifuna impendulo yombuzo nendlela yokuba wamapulani kuyoba usizo ukwazi ukuthi izidingo phambili yi-izicelo ukuba athathe lesi sikhundla. Ngakho, uma inkampani okuqinile, kubalulekile ukuba izici ezilandelayo:

• degree Ukuphrofayela lesifanele;
• isipiliyoni zisesimweni esifanayo okungenani iminyaka emibili;
• Ukugeleza e ethandwa computer design kanye sekulingisa;
• ulwazi ukuhamba komsebenzi futhi ikhono kahle ukusayinda amaphepha;
• ulwazi ngezinye izilimi (uma sikwenza kungaxegi isebenza abalingani angaphandle);
• ulwazi zakamuva ekwakheni izinto Amathrendi.

Kuphi ukuthola imfundo

Kusukela intsha ngokuvamile ngokwanele, ungezwa le nkulumo kanje: "Ngifuna ukuba wezakhiwo!" Yiqiniso, kule udinga ukuthola imfundo efanele. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi yokwamukelwa emanyuvesi, kumele ube namakhono athile umdwebo bese umdvwebo, okuyinto akunakwenzeka ukuba bangene ohlelweni lwezifundo zesikole. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo ukuqeqeshwa okufanele unakekele kusengaphambili. Lena indlela engcono abe umklami. Kanjani ningi nyaka kuzothatha ukuqeqeshwa? Ngesikhathi Institute kuzodingeka ukuba achithe iminyaka 5-6. Kodwa umakhi ezinhle ifunda futhi abalimi ukuphila.

Yiqiniso, amathuba enkulu yokuthola labo kusukela ebuntwaneni bekuwukukhipha art esikoleni. Nokho, uma une ikhono lemvelo kanye isifiso, izisekelo umdwebo zezemfundo kungenzeka ukuthola ingakapheli iminyaka 1-2. Kuwufanele ukulalelisisa ekhethekile umfanekiso namanje Lifes futhi Gypsum natures (misebenzi yilawo ezivamile ku yokuvuma). Kubalulekile umdwebo ukudonsa nge komfundisi.

Ngokuvamile, umncintiswano wezakhiwo ezikhethekile izikole eziphakeme sikhulu ngokwanele. Yiqiniso, akubona bonke abantu bazokwazi ukuthola indawo athandwayo. Kodwa lesi akusona isizathu sokulahla ithemba, ngoba kukhona izikole kanye nezikole lobuchwepheshe ezifundisa yalesi okukhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ne-diploma ye imfundo yesibili kungenzeka ukuya ekolishi. Yiqiniso, ukuqeqeshwa izobanjezelwa, kodwa yithuba yangempela ukuthi singasebenzisa.

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ube wezakhiwo, futhi ngaphandle imfundo ekhethekile. Ngakho, ungathola ekwakhiweni noma umklamo bureau, okuzokwenza ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthola iholo futhi angamukeli ezidingekayo ukuze uthole okunye ukuthuthukiswa umsebenzi ulwazi nokuhlangenwe nakho. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-10, uyokwazi ukuthola ilayisensi efanele. Into esemqoka - kungcono ithalente nesifiso sakhe.

izifundo core

Abantu abaningi abasha unesithakazelo umbuzo onjani izinto odinga ukukwazi ukuze abe umklami. Yiqiniso, uhlu kungenzeka ukuhluka kuye ngokuthi yiziphi eyunivesithi obakhethayo. Noma kunjalo, isethi ejwayelekile eyala simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• Ulimi Russian emibhalo (ukuhlolwa ejwayelekile yokwamukelwa kunoma inyuvesi);
• Mathematics (ndaba ebalulekile kakhulu umakhi, kodwa ukuphathwa ezinye izikhungo ingena esikhundleni nomlando wayo, bekholelwa ukuthi lokusungula kubaluleke ngaphezu sciences ngqo);
• luhlolo yokudala (kuhlanganisa nasezabelweni eceba, izingoma futhi umdwebo).

Uba kanjani wezakhiwo ezinhle

Akubalulekile nje kuphela wezakhiwo bafundile, futhi umuntu omuhle futhi ethandwa. Lo msebenzi kudinga umzamo Herculean. Ngakho-ke, uma uke ngokuqinile isinqumo: "ngizoba wezakhiwo", kufanele wenze lokhu okulandelayo:

• Qaphela indlela kukhethwa esikoleni. Udinga ukwenza is hhayi ngokuvumelana nesimiso "ukuthatha okuningi," futhi "lapho ukufunda." Xoxa nabafundi wamanje noma iziqu amanyuvesi ahlukene futhi uzame ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nezinhlelo zokuqeqeshwa eziqhathanisa nomunye.
• Lungiselela kusenesikhatsi ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Eminyakeni engaba mibili ngaphambi iziqu akudingeki uqale ukuba bahlanganyele ngokujulile umdwebo kanye sketching. Ungakwazi ukuqasha komfundisi, kodwa kungcono ukuba ungenele izifundo zokuqeqesha eyunivesithi.
• Qala ngenkathi usebenza usengumfundi. Ngakho uzothola okuhlangenwe nakho olukhulu, okwathi lapho, uma iphindaphindwe eliyisisekelo ulwazi theory ngeke ube umuntu ezibalulekile.
• Abaningi abazophothula kulesi sikole wokuvelela silwele ukuvula ihhovisi lakhe siqu yezakhiwo ngemva nje kokuqeda isikole. Lesi yisinyathelo okungalungile. Kuzoba ngcono uma eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala uke wasebenza ngaphansi kokuqondisa wezakhiwo abanolwazi, okuyinto uzokwazi ukuthi zilawule nakho zokuphatha.
• Thuthukisa isitayela sakho siqu. Kungenzeka ukwenza, ukutadisha imisebenzi abaculi abadumile.
• Ungaphuthelwa umkhosi olulodwa, imibukiso kanye nezinye izenzakalo, lapho ungakwazi bazikhulumele. Ngisho noma ungenayo ngentuthuko ukukhombisa amakhono abo, qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela lo mcimbi ukuze ufunde mayelana izimfashini zamuva emkhakheni bokwakha.

Yini evimbela ukuba wezakhiwo ezinhle

Ukucabanga nendlela yokuba wezakhiwo ezinhle kufanele wazi ayigcinanga ngokuchaza ukuthi lezo zinto ezinomthelela, kodwa futhi lezo ukugxambukela ukuzuzwa lo mgomo. Isigaba sesibili kufanele sifake hlangana okulandelako:

• Thola izindlela ezilula. Ngisho noma une talent yemvelo zokuphetha futhi sketching, lokhu akusho ukuthi diploma izakhiwo kanye owawuholela umsebenzi ephaketheni lakho. Ukufeza umgomo udinga ukuba isebenze kanzima futhi silwele ulwazi olusha.
• Iphupho itshe lemali. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi "inani" wezakhiwo liphuma isipiliyoni. Ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi onguchwepheshe zuza igama idumela elihle.
• Ukuzwela futhi sengozini. Lezi zimfanelo - esinye sezitha eyinhloko umakhi. Zilungiselele yokuthi amakhono akho professional namaphrojekthi izoba ngaphansi ukugxekwa ezivela kumakhasimende nokuphatha.

izimfanelo Siqu umakhi ezinhle

Yini edingekayo ukuze ube wezakhiwo? Eyokuqala amakhono angaphakathi nobuntu ukuthi uyokusekela inqubo yentuthuko mkhakha. Ngakho, umakhi ezinhle kufanele abe nezici ezilandelayo:

• Ukudala. Ngeke ulinganiswa ikhono lokudonsa banal. Amapensela, izimpawu, upende, njll - zingamathuluzi kuphela ukukusiza ukubonakalisa imibono original and innovative.
• ukucabanga Spatial. Lena imfanelo ebaluleke kakhulu wamapulani ngoba ekudaleni hhayi isithombe flat, futhi bamele izithombe ezintathu-ntathu. Ngenhlanhla, uma ungenayo le mfanelo nemvelo, kungenzeka ngempela ukuthuthukisa.
• A nemizwa umthwalo. Njengoba umakhi akudali izinto ezilula futhi labo ezokwenza uzochitha isikhathi esiningi abantu, athathe anakekele hhayi kuphela mayelana sobuhle bayo futhi asiduduze, kodwa futhi mayelana nokuphepha.
• Assiduity. Ukuze wenze iphrojekthi omuhle, ngeke ube ukuchitha ihora engaphezulu kweyodwa Whatman.
• Izinzwa zokunambitha. Lokhu izinga nakanjani wezakhiwo ofuna emisebenzini yokudala kunokuba izakhiwo ejwayelekile.
• Okubukwa. A wezakhiwo ezinhle umqaphele yonke imininingwane izindawo ezivele zikhona, ngeke yaphindwa futhi udale into entsha futhi ezehlukene.
• Okuhle inkumbulo ezibukwayo, okuzokwenza kakhulu lula umsebenzi wakho iphrojekthi.

Isimo samanje umkhakha

Ngeshwa, okwamanje izakhiwo yasekhaya ubhekene nezikhathi ezinzima. Akukhona nje labaceceshiwe, kodwa futhi abantu abavamile bathi izakhiwo zesimanje kukhona kunganambitheki ngisho amabi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ezikhumbuzo yasekuqaleni yezakhiwo libhujiswa isikhathi ezibangelwe umuntu.

Uma sikhuluma emakethe yezabasebenzi, isimo futhi akuyona indlela engcono kakhulu. Zitholele umsebenzi okahle ukuze ukukhokha akulula kangako, ngoba mncintiswano kule ndawo mkhulu kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, noma iziphi izinkinga ekupheleni eyinqaba. Kungenzeka ukuthi isizukulwane esisha ochwepheshe abasebasha kuzoholela izakhiwo yasekhaya ezingeni elisha.

okutholakele

Ukuhlela ukwakheka - lena kungeminye yemisebenzi yodumo, umlando obuhlehlela emuva zeminyaka eziningana. Inikeza isimo hhayi kuphela ezinhle yezimali, kodwa futhi izinga eliphezulu kanye nenhlonipho emphakathini. Yingakho abaningi banesithakazelo umbuzo kanjani ukuba abe umklami. Yiqiniso, lokhu kudinga ithalente yemvelo, kodwa ngaphandle kokusebenza ngokuzikhandla ukuze ube specialist ezinhle ungatholi. Sidinga njalo bafunde, ukuthuthukisa ngokwabo uthathe umsebenzi, ukuze uthole okuhlangenwe nakho eliyigugu. Zilungiselele yokuthi ungathatha iminyaka nokufunda usebenzele kuzo ukuze ube likufuna kanye nezifundiswa ikhokhwe kakhulu.